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road movement table

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1 road movement table

Военный термин: таблица автомобильных перевозок

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > road movement table
2 road movement table

график (таблица) передвижения (перевозки, переброски) по дорогам

English-Russian Dictionary of Military Terms and Abbreviations > road movement table
3 road movement table

таблица автомобильных перевозок

English-Russian military dictionary > road movement table
4 table

табель; штаты; таблица; стол; пульт; стенд; сводить в [составлять] таблицу

chemical (fire) support table — плановая таблица для применения химического оружия поддержки

embarkation (and tonnage) table — мор. план погрузки

— accuracy table

— air movement table

— aircraft loading table

— ammunition expenditure table

— amphibious boat assignment table

— amphibious boat availability table

— amphibious vehicle assignment table

— amphibious vehicle availability table

— artillery fire plan table

— assignment table

— augmentation table

— authentication table

— availability table

— ballistic tables

— blast-wave table

— bombing table

— casualty and damage table

— cellular organization tables

— cipher frequency table

— code table

— combined table of allowance

— common table of allowance

— consolidated table of allowance

— contingent effects table

— convergence table

— counterbattery task table

— coverage table

— degrees to mils conversion table

— detraining table

— elevation tables

— entraining table

— entrainment table

— entrucking table

— experience table of consumption and replacement

— fire-support table

— firing table

— graphical munitions effects table

— gunnery tables

— helicopter availability table

— helicopter employment and assault landing table

— heliteam and serial assignment table

— illumination support table

— indirect fire table

— individual table of allowance

— joint table of allowances

— landing craft and amphibious vehicle assignment table

— landing craft availability table

— landing sequence table

— launching table

— lead table

— loss rate table

— loss replacement requirement rate table

— manning table

— march table

— mobilization table of distribution and allowance

— mobilization table of distribution

— modified tables of organization and equipment

— movement table

— munitions-expenditure tables

— operational landing table

— pass time table

— patrol task table

— pay table

— peacetime table of organization and equipment

— permutation table

— range table

— rapid fire tables

— reduction table

— reverse tables on the enemy

— road distance and time length table

— road movement table

— sand table

— scramble table

— serial assignment table

— signal table

— special table of allowance

— table of allowance

— table of allowances of equipment

— table of allowances of weapons

— table of authorization

— table of basic allowance

— table of distribution and allowance

— table of distribution and authorization

— table of distribution

— table of equipment

— table of movements

— table of organization and equipment

— table of organization

— table of periodic reports

— tables of occasions

— target allocation table

— tentative table of equipment

— train consist table

— troop safety table

— turn tables on the enemy

— unit air loading table

— unit equipment table

— unit personnel and tonnage table

— vehicle summary and priority table

— vertical dispersion table

— war table of equipment

— wartime table of organization and equipment

— weapon selection table

* * *

• 1) составлять таблицы; 2) составленный таблицы; 3) представленный на рассмотрение

• составлять таблицы

• таблица

English-Russian military dictionary > table
5 таблица автомобильных перевозок

Military: road movement table

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > таблица автомобильных перевозок
6 hacer

v.

1 to do (realizar) (estudios, experimento, favor).

¿qué haces? what are you doing?

tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to do

estoy haciendo segundo I'm in my second year

¿qué habré hecho con las llaves? what have I done with the keys?

la carretera hace una curva there's a bend in the road

Ella hace la tarea She does her work.

2 to make.

hacer un vestido/planes to make a dress/plans

hacer un poema/una sinfonía to write a poem/a symphony

hacer una fiesta to have a party

para hacer la carne… to cook the meat…

Ricardo hizo una casita Richard made a little house.

Le hago estudiar I make him study.

Nos hizo un problema He made us a problem (he made a problem for us)

3 to make (obtener) (fotocopia).

4 to do (arreglar) (casa, colada).

5 to build (to build).

han hecho un edificio nuevo they've put up a new building

6 to make (movimientos, sonidos, gestos).

le hice señas I signaled to her

hacer ruido to make a noise

el gato hace "miau" cats go "meow"

7 to do (practicar) (en general).

debes hacer deporte you should start doing some sport

8 to cause to look or seem (dar aspecto a).

este espejo te hace gordo that mirror makes you look o seem fat

9 to play (Cine & Teatro) (papel).

hace el papel de la hija del rey she plays (the part of) the king's daughter

10 to think, to reckon.

a estas horas yo te hacía en París I thought o reckoned you'd be in Paris by now

11 to be done to.

Se me hizo una injusticia An injustice was done to me.

12 to place.

Haré una llamada a mi hermana I will place a call to my sister.

13 to be made to.

Se nos hizo pagar una gran suma We were made to pay a large amount.

14 to be made for.

Se me hizo una camisa A shirt was made for me.

15 to travel, to make.

Hicimos dos kilómetros We traveled two kilometers.

* * *

HACER

CONJUGACIÓN

Present Indicative

hago, haces, hace, hacemos, hacéis, hacen.

Past Indicative

hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron.

Future Indicative

haré, harás, hará, haremos, haréis, harán.

Conditional

haría, harías, haría, haríamos, haríais, harían.

Present Subjunctive

haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan.

Imperfect Subjunctive

hiciera, hicieras, hiciera, hiciéramos, hicierais, hicieran;

hiciese, hicieses, hiciese, hiciésemos, hicieseis, hiciesen.

Future Subjunctive

hiciere, hicieres, hiciere, hiciéremos, hiciereis, hicieren.

Imperative

haz (tú), haga (él/Vd.), hagamos (nos.), haced (vos.), hagan (ellos/Vds.).

Past Participle

hecho,-a.

* * *

verb

1) to make

2) do

3) be

•

- hace dos años
- hacer falta
- hacerse
* * *
Para las expresiones hacer añicos, hacer gracia, hacerse ilusiones, hacer pedazos, hacerse de rogar, hacer el tonto, hacer las veces de ver la otra entrada.
1. VERBO TRANSITIVO

1) [indicando actividad en general] to do

¿qué haces? — what are you doing?

¿qué haces ahí? — what are you doing there?

no sé qué hacer — I don't know what to do

hace y deshace las cosas a su antojo — she does as she pleases

¡eso no se hace! — that's not done!

no hizo nada por ayudarnos — she didn't do anything to help us

haz todo lo posible por llegar a tiempo — do everything possible to arrive on time

• hacer el [amor] — to make love

• hacer la [guerra] — to wage war

- ¡qué le vamos a hacer!

hacer algo por hacer —

no tiene sentido hacer las cosas por hacerlas — there's no point doing things just for the sake of it

- ¡la hemos hecho buena!

- ya ha hecho otra de las suyas

2) [en lugar de otro verbo] to do

él protestó y yo hice lo mismo — he protested and I did the same

no viene tanto como lo solía hacer — he doesn't come as much as he used to

3) (=crear) [+ coche, escultura, juguete, ropa, pastel] to make; [+ casa] to build; [+ dibujo] to do; [+ novela, sinfonía] to write

hacer dinero — to make money

• le cuesta trabajo hacer [amigos] — he finds it hard to make friends

4) (=realizar) [+ apuesta, discurso, objeción] to make; [+ deporte, deberes] to do; [+ caca, pipí] to do; [+ nudo] to tie; [+ pregunta] to ask; [+ visita] to pay; [+ milagros] to do, work

el gato hizo miau — the cat went miaow, the cat miaowed

el árbol no hace mucha sombra — the tree isn't very shady, the tree doesn't provide a lot of shade

¿me puedes hacer el nudo de la corbata? — could you knot my tie for me?

• hacer un [favor] a algn — to do sb a favour

• hacer un [gesto] — [con la cara] to make {o} pull a face; [con la mano] to make a sign

• hacer un [recado] — to do {o} run an errand

• hacer [ruido] — to make a noise

• hacer [sitio] — to make room

• hacer [tiempo] — to kill time

5) (=preparar) [+ cama, comida] to make

hacer el pelo/las uñas a algn — to do sb's hair/nails

hacer la barba a algn — to trim sb's beard

• hacer las [maletas] — to pack one's bags

6) (=dedicarse a)

¿qué hace tu padre? — what does your father do?

está haciendo turismo en África — he's gone touring in Africa

• hacer [cine] — to make films

• hacer [teatro] — to act

7) (=actuar)

hacer un papel — to play a role {o} part

hacer el papel de malo — to play the (part of the) villain

8) (=sumar) to make

6 y 3 hacen 9 — 6 and 3 make 9

este hace 100 — this one makes 100

y cincuenta céntimos, hacen diez euros — and fifty cents change, which makes ten euros

este hace el corredor número 100 en atravesar la meta — he's the 100th runner to cross the finishing line

9) (=cumplir)

voy a hacer 30 años la próxima semana — I'm going to be 30 next week, it's my 30th birthday next week

10) (=obligar) + infin to make

les hice venir — I made them come

siempre consigue hacerme reír — she always manages to make me laugh

le gustaba hacerme rabiar — he enjoyed making me mad

• hágale [entrar] — show him in, have him come in

• me lo hizo [saber] — he told me about it, he informed me of it

• hacer [que] + subjun —

yo haré que vengan — I'll make sure they come

11) (=mandar)
+ infin
hizo construirse un palacio — she had a palace built

hicieron pintar la fachada del colegio — they had the front of the school painted

12) (=transformar) + adj to make

esto lo hará más difícil — this will make it more difficult

hacer feliz a algn — to make sb happy

te hace más delgado — it makes you look slimmer

has hecho de mí un hombre muy feliz — you've made me a very happy man

13) (=pensar) to think

yo le hacía más viejo — I thought he was older, I had him down as being older

te hacíamos en el Perú — we thought you were in Peru

14) (=acostumbrar)

hacer el cuerpo al frío — to get one's body used to the cold

15) (=ejercitar)

hacer dedos — to do finger exercises

hacer piernas — to stretch one's legs

16)

• hacer a algn [con] (=proveer) —

me hizo con dinero — he provided me with money

2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO

1) (=comportarse)

haces bien en esperar — you're right to wait

haces mal no contestando a sus llamadas — it's wrong of you not to answer his calls

• hacer [como] que {o} como si — to make as if

hizo como que no se daba cuenta {o} como si no se diera cuenta — he made as if he hadn't noticed, he pretended not to have noticed

hizo como si me fuera a pegar — he made as if to strike me

2)

• [dar que] hacer — to cause trouble

dieron que hacer a la policía — they caused {o} gave the police quite a bit of trouble

3) (=importar)

no le hace — LAm it doesn't matter, never mind

- ¡no le hagas!

4) (=ser apropiado)

¿hace? — will it do?, is it all right?; (=¿de acuerdo?) is it a deal?

la llave hace a todas las puertas — the key fits all the doors

hace a todo — he's good for anything

5) (=apetecer)

¿te hace que vayamos a tomar unas copas? — how about going for a drink?, what do you say we go for a drink?

¿te hace un cigarrillo? — how about a cigarette?, do you fancy a cigarette?

6) [seguido de preposición]
hacer de (Teat) to play the part of
hacer de malo — to play the villain
hacer por (=intentar)
haz por verlo si puedes — try to get round to seeing him if you can

hacer por hacer algo — to try to do sth, make an effort to do sth

3. VERBO IMPERSONAL

1) [con expresiones de tiempo atmosférico] to be

hace calor/frío — it's hot/cold

hizo dos grados bajo cero — it was two degrees below zero

¿qué tiempo hace? — what's the weather like?

ojalá haga buen tiempo — I hope the weather's nice

2) [con expresiones temporales]

hace tres años que se fue — he left three years ago, it's three years since he left

hace tres años que no lo veo — I haven't seen him for three years, it's three years since I (last) saw him

ha estado aquí hasta hace poco — he was here only a short while ago

no hace mucho — not long ago

hace un mes que voy — I've been going for a month

¿hace mucho que esperas? — have you been waiting long?

hace de esto varios años — it is some years since this happened

• [desde] hace cuatro años — for four years

está perdido desde hace 15 días — it's been missing for a fortnight

3) LAm (=haber, tener)

hace sed — I'm thirsty

hace sueño — I'm sleepy

4.

See:

hacerse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1) ( crear) <mueble/vestido> to make; <casa/carretera> to build; < nido> to build, make; < coche> to make, manufacture; < túnel> to make, dig; <dibujo/plano> to do, draw; < lista> to make, draw up; < resumen> to do, make; < película> to make; <nudo/lazo> to tie; <pan/pastel> to make, bake; <vino/café/tortilla> to make; < cerveza> to make, brew

me hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa — he made room o a place for me at the table

hacen buena pareja — they make a lovely couple

2)

a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) < sacrificio> to make; < milagro> to work, perform; <deberes/ejercicios/limpieza> to do; < mandado> to run; <transacción/investigación> to carry out; < experimento> to do, perform; < entrevista> to conduct; <gira/viaje> to do

me hicieron una visita — they paid me a visit

me hizo un regalo — she gave me a gift

¿me haces un favor? — will you do me a favor?

hicimos un trato — we did o made a deal

aún queda mucho por hacer — there is still a lot (left) to do

dar que hacer — to make a lot of work

b) <cheque/factura> to make out, write out

3) (formular, expresar) <declaración/promesa/oferta> to make; <proyecto/plan> to make, draw up; <crítica/comentario> to make, voice; < pregunta> to ask

nadie hizo ninguna objeción — nobody raised any objections

nos hizo un relato de sus aventuras — he related his adventures to us

4) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas)

hacer caca — (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq)

hacer pis or pipí — (fam) to have a pee (colloq)

hacer sus necesidades — (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)

5) ( adquirir) <dinero/fortuna> to make; < amigo> to make

6) (preparar, arreglar) < cama> to make; < maleta> to pack

hice el pescado al horno — I did o cooked the fish in the oven

tengo que hacer la comida — I must make lunch; ver tb comida 2) b)

7)

a) (producir, causar) < ruido> to make

este jabón no hace espuma — this soap doesn't lather

esos chistes no me hacen gracia — I don't find those jokes funny

estos zapatos me hacen daño — these shoes hurt my feet

b) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to go

las vacas hacen `mu' — cows go `moo'

8) ( recorrer) <trayecto/distancia> to do, cover

9) (en cálculos, enumeraciones)

son 180... y 320 hacen 500 — that's 180... and 320 is o makes 500

el visitante que hacía el número mil — the thousandth visitor

Sentido II

10)

a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to do

no hace más que quejarse — she does nothing but complain

no hice más que cumplir con mi deber — I only did my duty

le gustaría hacer teatro — she would like to work in the theater

hacen una obra de Ibsen — they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsen

deberías hacer ejercicio — you should do o get some exercise

¿hace algún deporte? — do you play o do any sports?

b) (como profesión, ocupación) to do

c) ( estudiar) to do

hace Derecho — she's doing o studying o reading Law

hacer un curso de cocina — to do a cookery course

11)

a) (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do

niño, eso no se hace! — you mustn't do that!

qué se le va a hacer! or qué le vamos a hacer! — what can you o (frml) one do?

aquí se hace lo que digo yo — around here what I say goes

hacerla — (Méx) (fam) to make it (colloq)

hacerla (buena) — (fam)

ahora sí que la hice! — now I've (really) done it!

hacérsela buena a alguien — (Méx) to keep one's word o promise to somebody

soñé que te sacabas la lotería - házmela buena! — I dreamed you won the lottery - if only!

b) (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to do

no sé qué hice con los recibos — I don't know what I did with the receipts

y el libro ¿qué lo hice? — (CS, Méx fam) what did I do with the book?

c) ( causar daño)

hacerle algo a alguien — to do something to somebody

yo no le hice nada — I didn't do anything to her

el perro no te hace nada — the dog won't hurt you

12) (esp Esp) ( actuar como)

hacer el tonto — to act o play the fool

13) ( sustituyendo a otro verbo)

toca bien el piano - antes lo hacía mejor — she plays the piano well - she used to play better

voy a escribirle - deja, yo lo haré — I'm going to write to him - don't bother, I'll do it

14) (Méx, RPl fam) (afectar, importar)

¿qué le hace? — so what? what does it matter?

eso no le hace nada — that doesn't matter at all

Sentido III

15) (transformar en, volver) to make

te hará hombre, hijo mío — it will make a man of you, my son

la hizo su mujer — he made her his wife

hizo pedazos la carta — she tore the letter into tiny pieces

ella lo hizo posible — she made it possible

hacer algo de algo — to turn something into something

hacer algo de alguien — to make something of somebody

quiero hacer de ti un gran actor — I want to make a great actor of you

16) ( dar apariencia de)

ese vestido te hace más delgada — that dress makes you look thinner

17) (inducir a, ser causa de que)

hacer algo/a alguien + inf — to make something/somebody + inf

me hizo llorar — it made me cry

todo hace suponer que... — everything suggests that o leads one to think that...

hizo caer al niño — he knocked the child over

hágalo pasar — tell him to come in

hacer que algo/alguien + subj — to make something/somebody + inf

vas a hacer que pierda la paciencia! — you're going to make me lose my temper!

18) ( obligar a)

hacer + inf a alguien — to make somebody + inf

me hizo esperar tres horas — she kept me waiting for three hours

me hizo abrirla — he made me open it

hacer que alguien + subj — to make somebody + inf

hizo que todos se sentaran — he made everybody sit down

19)

hacer hacer algo — to have o get something done/made

hice acortar las cortinas — I had o got the curtains shortened

20) (suponer, imaginar)

te hacía en Buenos Aires — I thought you were in Buenos Aires

yo que lo hacía casado! — I had the idea that he was married!
2.
hacer vi

Sentido I

1)

a) (obrar, actuar)

déjame hacer a mí — just let me handle this o take care of this

¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? — what do you have to do to get the scholarship?

¿cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo? — how do they manage to live on that salary?

hacerle a algo — (Chi, Méx fam)

le hace a todo — she does a bit of everything

yo no le hago a la pintura — I don't go in for painting

hacer y deshacer — to do as one pleases, do what one likes

b) (+ compl)

hiciste bien en decírmelo — you did o were right to tell me

haces mal en mentir — it's wrong of you to lie

2) ( refiriéndose a las necesidades fisiológicas)

mamá, ya hice! — (esp AmL) Mommy, I've been o I've finished!

hacer de cuerpo or de vientre — (frml) to have a bowel movement (frml)

3) (fingir, simular)

hizo como que no me había visto — he made out o pretended he hadn't seen me

hice como que no oía — I pretended not to hear

haz como si no supieras nada — act as if o pretend you don't know anything about it

4) ( servir)

hacer de algo: esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning; la escuela hizo de hospital — the school served as o was used as a hospital

5) ( interpretar personaje)

hacer de algo/alguien — to play (the part of) something/somebody

hacía de `malo' — he played the bad guy

Sentido II

6) (+ compl) ( sentar) (+ me/te/le etc)

le va a hacer bien salir un poco — it'll do her good to get out a bit

la trucha me hizo mal — (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me

7) ( corresponder)

hacerle a algo — to fit something

esta tapa no le hace al frasco — this lid doesn't fit the jar

8)

no le hace — ( no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; ( no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse

¿no le hace que tire la ceniza aquí? — do you mind if I drop the ash here?

9) (en 3^a pers) (frml) (tocar, concernir)

por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud — as far as your application is concerned

10) (Esp fam) ( apetecer)

¿(te) hace una cerveza? — care for a beer?, do you fancy a beer? (BrE colloq)
3.
hacer v impers

1)

a) ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico)

hace frío/calor/sol/viento — it's cold/hot/sunny/windy

hace tres grados — it's three degrees

(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso — the weather was terrible

b) (fam & hum)

hace sed ¿verdad? — it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?

parece que hace hambre — you/they seem to be hungry

2) ( expresando tiempo transcurrido)

hace dos años que murió — he's been dead for two years

¿cuánto hace que se fue? — how long ago did she leave?

hace poco/un año — a short time/a year ago

hace mucho que lo conozco — I've known him for a long time

no lo veo desde hace años — I haven't seen him for years

hacía años que no lo veía — I hadn't seen him for o in years

hasta hace poco — until recently
4.
1) hacerse v pron

Sentido I

2) ( producirse)

hágase la luz — (Bib) let there be light; (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hizo un nudo en el hilo — I got a knot in the thread

se le ha hecho una ampolla — she's got o she has a blister

hacérsele algo a alguien — (Méx)

por fin se le hizo ganar el premio — she finally got to win the award

3)

a) (refl) ( hacer para sí) <café/falda> to make oneself

se hace toda la ropa — she makes all her (own) clothes

se hicieron una casita — they built themselves a little house

b) (caus) ( hacer que otro haga)

se hicieron una casita — they had a little house built

se hizo la cirugía estética — she had plastic surgery

voy a hacerme las manos — I'm going to have a manicure

4) ( causarse)

me hice un tajo en el dedo — I cut my finger

¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? — what did you do to your arm?

¿te hiciste daño? — did you hurt yourself?

5) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas)

todavía se hace pis/caca — (fam) she still wets/messes herself

6) (refl) ( adquirir) to make

hacerse un nombre — to make a name for oneself

hacerse enemigos — to make enemies

Sentido II

7)

a) (volverse, convertirse en) to become

hacerse famoso/monja — to become famous/a nun

se están haciendo viejos — they are getting o growing old

b) (impers)

se hace de noche muy pronto — it gets dark very early

se está haciendo tarde — it's getting late; (+ me/te/le etc)

se nos hizo de noche esperándolo — it got dark while we were waiting for him

c) ( cocinarse) pescado/guiso to cook

d) (AmL) ( pasarle a)

¿qué se habrá hecho María? — what can have happened to María?

8) ( resultar)

esto se hace muy pesado — this gets very boring; (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hizo interminable — it seemed interminable

se me hace difícil creerlo — I find it very hard to believe

9) ( dar impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hace que está ofendida — I get the feeling o impression that she's upset

se me hace que va a llover — I think o I have a feeling it's going to rain

hacérsele a alguien — (Chi fam) to back out

10) (caus)

hacerse + inf: hazte respetar make people respect you; el desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in coming; un chico que se hace querer a likable kid; se hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion built; hazte ver por un médico — (AmL) go and see a doctor

11) ( acostumbrarse)

hacerse a algo/+ inf — to get used to something/-ing

no consigo hacerme a la idea — I can't get used to the idea

12) ( fingirse)

no te hagas el inocente — don't act the innocent

me vio pero se hizo el loco — he saw me but pretended he hadn't

¿éste es bobo o se (lo) hace? — (fam) is this guy stupid or just a good actor? (colloq)

no te hagas el sordo — don't pretend o act as if you didn't hear me

yo me hice — (Méx fam) I pretend not to notice

13) ( moverse) (+ compl) to move

hacerse atrás/a un lado — to move back/to one side

14) hacerse con

el ejército se hizo con la ciudad — the army took the city

tengo que hacerme con esa carta — I must get hold of that letter

logró hacerse con el control de la compañía — he managed to gain control of the company

15) hacerse de (AmL)

se hicieron de gran fama — they became very famous

tengo que hacerme de dinero — I must get o lay my hands on some money

se hizo de muchos amigos — he made a lot of friends

* * *

= accomplish, design (for/to), be up to, cause, conduct, do, devise, produce, render, compose, make, get (a)round to, make out, get round to, brew.

Ex. If a library prefers to simplify records in particular areas, this can usually be accomplished by not entering particular types of information.

Ex. In lists designed for international use a symbolic notation instead of textual notes may be used.

Ex. When I saw what he was up to, I drew back for a punch and hit him so hard on the nose that he fell on his back and lay there for some time, so that his wife stood over him and cried out 'Mercy! You've done my husband in!'.

Ex. As usage of the language causes terms to become anachronistic, or as increases in our level of awareness reveal undesirable connotations, we seek to change subject heading terms.

Ex. Obviously, this tagging must be conducted manually.

Ex. In all these cases where scientists studied what crafstmen knew how to do the resulting benefits have accrued to science not to technology.

Ex. Special classification schemes are generally devised for an application in which no major general scheme is suitable.

Ex. The present OCLC system does not produce catalog cards in sets, but if it did it could produce over 6,000 different sets for one title.

Ex. So strongly was it felt by proponents of change that just such unconscious biases rendered libraries 'part of the problem, instead of the solution'.

Ex. There have never been any attempts to compose a bibliography of US government documents relating to international law.

Ex. This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..

Ex. The article is entitled 'A list of lists of Web sites to check out: getting organized and getting around to it are two different things'.

Ex. The cards for those headings should be removed from the index and new cards made out if necessary.

Ex. The government have been making noises about it for some time but haven't quite got round to it.

Ex. The goddess owned a potent magick cauldron in which she planned to brew a special liquid for her ugly son.

----

* acceder haciendo clic = click.

* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.

* aguja de hacer croché = crochet hook, crochet needle.

* aguja de hacer ganchillo = crochet hook, crochet needle.

* aguja de hacer punto = knitting needle.

* algo diverto que hacer = fun thing to do.

* Algo que se hace para matar el tiempo = time filler.

* al hacer esto = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so, in doing so.

* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.

* anunciado desde hace tiempo = long-heralded.

* aprender haciendo = learn by + doing.

* batir hasta hacer espuma = work up + a lather.

* ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.

* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.

* contenedor para hacer compost = compost bin.

* continuar con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.

* continuar haciendo algo = get on with + Nombre.

* cuando hace frío = in the cold.

* cumplido hace tiempo = long overdue.

* decidir hacer = spring for.

* decidir qué hacer con = make + disposition of.

* de hace años = of years ago.

* de hace muchos años = long-standing.

* de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-lost.

* de hace siglos = of yore.

* de hace varios siglos = centuries-old.

* dejar de hacer huelga = cross + the picket line.

* dejar que Alguien haga las cosas a su manera = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.

* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.

* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.

* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).

* desde hace muchos años = for years.

* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], long since, in ages (and ages and ages).

* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.

* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.

* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.

* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.

* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.

* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.

* desde hace ya años = for years now.

* difícil de hacer = hard to do.

* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).

* dos entuertos no hacen un derecho = two wrongs do not make a right.

* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.

* esfuerzo + hacer sudar = work up + a lather.

* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.

* esperado hace tiempo = overdue.

* esperar sin nada que hacer = kick + Posesivo + heels.

* establecido desde hace tiempo = long-established.

* estar haciendo = be up to.

* estar haciendo Algo = have + Nombre + on the go.

* estar haciendo algo que no se debe = be up to no good.

* estar sin hacer nada = sit + idle, stand + idle.

* existir desde hace años = be around for years.

* frotar hasta hacer espuma = lather.

* hace algunos años = some years ago.

* hace algún tiempo = some time ago, a while back, some while ago, sometime back.

* hace años = years ago.

* hace demasiado tiempo = too long ago.

* hacer huir en batalla = route.

* hace la tira (de tiempo) = yonks, yonks and yonks.

* hace miles de años = aeons ago.

* hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.

* hace muchísimos años = a great many years ago.

* hace muchísimo tiempo = ages (and ages) ago, aeons ago, yonks.

* hace muchos años = many years ago.

* hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.

* hace muy poco tiempo = a short time ago.

* hace + Número + años = Número + years ago.

* hace poco tiempo = a short time ago.

* hacer a Alguien pasar vergüenza = embarrass.

* hacer a Alguien precavido = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.

* hacer abono orgánico = compost.

* hacer acampada = camp.

* hacer accesible a través de = make + available through.

* hacer ademanes = flail about, gesticulate.

* hacer aflorar = bring to + the surface.

* hacer aflorar sentimientos de antagonismo = bring to + the surface + feelings of antagonism.

* hacer ágil = limber up.

* hacer agua = Negativo + hold + water.

* hacer agua(s) = spring + a leak.

* hacer a gusto del consumidor = make to + order.

* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.

* hacer alarde de = boast, flaunt, brag, show off.

* hacer alegaciones = plead.

* hacer Algo a hurtadillas = sneak.

* hacer algo alocado = do + something footloose and fancy-free.

* hacer algo al respecto = do + something about it.

* hacer Algo con dificultad = muddle through, plod (along/through).

* hacer Algo con mucho esfuerzo = plod (along/through).

* hacer algo con respecto a = do + something about.

* hacer Algo de cara a la galería = play to + the gallery.

* hacer Algo en exceso = push + Nombre + too far.

* hacer algo funcionar = make + Nombre + tick.

* hacer Algo muy bien = do + an excellent job of, make + an excellent job of.

* hacer Algo para la galería = play to + the gallery.

* hacer algo poco a poco = eat away at.

* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.

* hacer Algo por + Posesivo + propia cuenta = make + Posesivo + own arrangements.

* hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.

* hacer Algo puré = mash.

* hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.

* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.

* hacer Algo sin ser visto = sneak.

* hacer Algo sobre la marcha = play + Nombre + by ear.

* hacer Algo trocitos = tear + Nombre + to shreds, tear + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer algunos comentarios sobre lo que Alguien ha dicho = take + a few cracks at.

* hacer alusión a = make + allusion to, make + reference to.

* hacer a mano = handcraft.

* hacer a medida = custom-make, make to + order.

* hacer a medida para satisfacer los requisitos = tailor to + meet the specification.

* hacer amigos = win + friends.

* hacer amistad = make + friend.

* hacer amistad con = make + friends with, befriend.

* hacer amistades = friend.

* hacer ampollas = blister.

* hacer anotaciones = annotate, mark + Nombre + up.

* hacer añicos = shatter, blow + Nombre + to bits, smash + Nombre + to bits, tear + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.

* hacer a partir de = make out of.

* hacer apología = make + apology.

* hacer arreglos florales = arrange + flowers.

* hacer artesanalmente = handcraft.

* hacer asequible = make + amenable.

* hacer atractivo = endear.

* hacer a un lado = nudge + Nombre + aside, push aside.

* hacer autostop = thumb + a lift, hitch + a ride.

* hacer avances = make + headway.

* hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.

* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.

* hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.

* hacer averiguaciones = make + enquiry.

* hacer bajar = force down.

* hacer balance de = take + stock of.

* hacer barrabasadas = play + pranks.

* hacer basto = coarsen.

* hacer bien = do + good.

* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, cut + Posesivo + losses, turn over + a new leaf.

* hacer borroso = blur.

* hacer bromas = banter.

* hacer bucles = loop.

* hacer buenas migas = hit it off.

* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.

* hacer bulla = kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.

* hacer bulto = bulge.

* hacer búsquedas en = search through.

* hacer caca = take + a dump.

* hacer caer = oust.

* hacer caja = tally up + sales, balance + the cash, reconcile (with), balance + the cash drawer.

* hacer caja con = cash in on, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.

* hacer callar = shush, hush, quieten.

* hacer cambiar = swing + Persona.

* hacer cambiar las cosas = turn + the tide on.

* hacer cambios en la búsqueda = renegotiate + search.

* hacer cambios indebidamente = tamper (with).

* hacer campaña = campaign, stump, go out on + the road.

* hacer cara a = brave.

* hacer caso = take + notice, listen (to).

* hacer caso a Alguien = take + Posesivo + word for it.

* hacer caso (a/de) = pay + attention to.

* hacer caso omiso = disregard, brush aside, go + unheeded, fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears, thumb + Posesivo + nose at, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fly in + the face of, push aside.

* hacer caso omiso de = be oblivious of/to.

* hacer chanchullos = fiddle.

* hacer chatting = chat.

* hacer circular = pass around.

* hacer circular por = circulate round.

* hacer cisco = tear + apart, wipe + the floor with.

* hacer coincidir (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer cola = queue up.

* hacer colectas = exact + contributions.

* hacer comentarios = air + comments.

* hacer como el avestruz = bury + Posesivo + head in the sand (like an ostrich), stick + Posesivo + head in the sand.

* hacer como si nada = play it + cool.

* hacer comparaciones = draw + comparisons, make + comparisons.

* hacer comparecer = arraign.

* hacer compatible (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer compost = compost.

* hacer compras = do + shopping.

* hacer comprender = bring + home.

* hacer con Alguien lo que Uno quiera = be like putty in + Posesivo + hands.

* hacer concesiones = make + allowances.

* hacer conjeturas = speculate.

* hacer constar = state.

* hacer contrabando = smuggle.

* hacer copias = make + multiple copies.

* hacer copias mediante multicopista por disolvente = spirit duplication.

* hacer correr la voz = spread + the word, spread + the good word, pass on + the good word, spread + the news.

* hacer cosas = get + things done.

* hacer cosquillas = tickle.

* hacer creer = lead to + believe, lull + Nombre + into thinking.

* hacer crítica = find + fault with.

* hacer croché = crochet.

* hacer cuadrar (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer cuadrar las cuentas = reconcile + receipts.

* hacer cuadras las facturas = reconcile + receipts.

* hacer cualquier cosa = do + anything, give + Posesivo + right arm.

* hacer cumplir = uphold.

* hacer cumplir la disciplina = enforce + discipline.

* hacer cumplir la legislación = enforce + legislation.

* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.

* hacer cumplir una norma = enforce + standard.

* hacer cumplir una política = uphold + policy.

* hacer cumplir unas normas = enforce + policy.

* hacer daño = do + harm, hurt.

* hacer dar vueltas = gyrate.

* hacer de = make out of.

* hacer de carabina = play + gooseberry.

* hacer declamaciones = declaim.

* hacer dedo = hitch + a ride, thumb + a lift.

* hacer de la noche día = burn + the candle at both ends.

* hacer del mismo molde = cast in + the same mould as.

* hacer de nuevo = redo [re-do], remake.

* hacer de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + bit.

* hacer derretir el hielo = de-ice [deice].

* hacer desaparecer = eradicate, dispel, banish.

* hacer desaparecer una división = blur + division.

* hacer desaparecer un mito = dispel + myth.

* hacer descuento = discount.

* hacer desfilar = parade.

* hacer detonar = detonate.

* hacer de tripas corazón = bite + the bullet.

* hacer diabluras = play + pranks.

* hacer diana = hit + home.

* hacer difícil = make + it + difficult, make + difficult.

* hacer dinero = make + money.

* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.

* hacer eco = echo, resonate.

* hacer eco de = echo.

* hacer efectivo = cash in.

* hacer efectivo en metálico = pay in + cash.

* hacer ejercicio físico = work out.

* hacer ejercicios de calentamiento = limber up.

* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.

* hacer el amor = make + love.

* hacer el avío = get + ready.

* hacer el balance de cuentas = balance + the cash, balance + the cash drawer.

* hacer el cambio = make + the change.

* hacer el chorra = pissing into the wind.

* hacer el deber de Uno = do + Posesivo + part.

* hacer el dobladillo = hem.

* hacer elección = make + choices.

* hacer el esfuerzo necesario = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight.

* hacer el indio = horse around/about.

* hacer el intento = have + a go, give + it a shot, give + Nombre + a try, have + a stab at, take + a stab at, make + a stab at, give + it a whirl, give + it a try.

* hacer el mal = do + evil.

* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.

* hacer el monigote = fool around.

* hacer el paripé = keep up + facade, put on + an act.

* hacer el pasillo = form + a guard of honour.

* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.

* hacer el recorrido normal = make + the rounds.

* hacer el ridículo = make + a fool of + Reflexivo, make + an arse of + Reflexivo, make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.

* hacer el testamento = testate.

* hacer el tonto = fool around, horse around/about.

* hacer el último esfuerzo = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.

* hacer encaje = tat.

* hacer encaje de bolillos = do + the impossible, jump through + hoops, double over + backwards.

* hacer encaje de bolillos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer encargos = run + errands.

* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.

* hacer entender = get across.

* hacer erupción = erupt.

* hacer escala = stop over.

* hacer eses = zigzag.

* hacer esperar = cool + Posesivo + heels.

* hacer espuma = work up + a lather, froth.

* hacer esquina con = form + right angles with.

* hacer estallar = spark, ignite, touch off, blow up, let off.

* hacer estallar en añicos = blow + sky high.

* hacer estallar una bomba = bomb.

* hacer estallar un guerra = ignite + war.

* hacer esto = go along + this road.

* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.

* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess around.

* hacer esto y aquello sin prisas = pootle.

* hacer estragos = lay + waste to, create + havoc, wreak + havoc, cause + havoc, take + Posesivo + toll (on).

* hacer estragos en = play + havoc with.

* hacer estrías = rifle.

* hacer exenciones = make + exemptions.

* hacer experimentos = institute + experiments.

* hacer explícito = make + explicit.

* hacer explotar = blow up.

* hacer extensivo + Posesivo + agradecimiento = extend + Posesivo + thanks.

* hacer factible = make + feasible.

* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.

* hacer flexible = limber up.

* hacer fortuna = make + Posesivo + fortune, make + a fortune, strike + it rich, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.

* hacer fotocopias = photoduplication [photo-duplication].

* hacer fotografía = make + picture.

* hacer fracasar = foil, derail.

* hacer frente = combat, come to + terms with, contain, address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on, engage.

* hacer frente a = confront, deal with, face, face up to, meet, cope with, wrestle with, stand up to, brave, breast, address.

* hacer frente a deudas = meet + debts.

* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.

* hacer frente a la delincuencia = tackle + crime.

* hacer frente a la inflación = combat + inflation.

* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.

* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).

* hacer frente a las diferencias = face + differences.

* hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.

* hacer frente a la vida = cope.

* hacer frente al cambio = manage + change.

* hacer frente al futuro = face up to + the future.

* hacer frente al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.

* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.

* hacer frente a los hechos = face + facts.

* hacer frente a tiempos difíciles = cope with + difficult times, cope with + difficult times.

* hacer frente a una amenaza = address + threat.

* hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.

* hacer frente a una incertidumbre = meet + uncertainty.

* hacer frente a una necesidad = meet + need, serve + need.

* hacer frente a una responsabilidad = meet + responsibility, face up to + responsibility.

* hacer frente a un cambio = meet + change.

* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.

* hacer frente a un problema = attack + problem, combat + problem, wrestle with + problem.

* hacer frente a un reto = rise (up) to + challenge, confront + challenge, meet + challenge, embrace + challenge.

* hacer fresco = be cool.

* hacer funcionar = service, do + the trick.

* hacer gala de = sport.

* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.

* hacer ganchillo = crochet.

* hacer garabatos = scribble, scrawl, doodle.

* hacer girar = twiddle, twirl.

* hacer gozar = delight.

* hacer gracia = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.

* hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.

* hacer guardar silencio = shush.

* hacer hasta la presente = do + all along.

* hacer hidrófugo = render + water-repellent.

* hacer hincapié = emphasise [emphasize, -USA].

* hacer hincapié en = put + a premium on.

* hacer hincapié en una idea = hammer + point.

* hacer historia = make + history, history in the making, go down in + history.

* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.

* hacer horas extraordinarias = work + overtime.

* hacer horas extras = work + overtime.

* hacer hueco = make + room (for).

* hacer huelga = strike.

* hacer huella = leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression.

* hacer huir = drive away, chase + Nombre + off.

* hacer imaginar = conjure up + an image of, conjure up + a vision of.

* hacer impermeable = render + water-repellent.

* hacer inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.

* hacer incomprensible = render + incomprehensible, garble.

* hacer indescifrable = render + indecipherable, garble.

* hacer innecesario = obviate + the need for, make + redundant.

* hacer insinuaciones = make + innuendoes.

* hacer insinuaciones sobre = make + noises about, make + a noise about.

* hacer insoluble = render + insoluble.

* hacer inutilizable = render + useless.

* hacer juego con = go with.

* hacer juegos malabares = juggle.

* hacer juegos malabares para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer justicia = do + justice.

* hacer la cama = make + the bed.

* hacer la cuenta = tot up, tote up.

* hacer la guerra = make + war.

* hacer (la) mona = play + hooky, play + truant, skip + class.

* hacer la paz = make + (the) peace.

* hacer la pelota = butter + Nombre + up, toady, fawn (on/upon/over).

* hacer la pelota a + Alguien = curry + favour with + Alguien.

* hacer la pelotilla = toady, butter + Nombre + up.

* hacer la prueba = give + it a whirl, give + it a shot, give + it a try.

* hacer largos = swim + laps.

* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.

* hacer las maletas = pack up, pack + Posesivo + belongings, pack + Posesivo + things, pack + Posesivo + suitcases, pack + Posesivo + bags.

* hacer las paces = heal + the breach, heal + the rift, bury + the hatchet, make + (the) peace, smoke + the peace pipe, smoke + the pipe of peace, bury + the tomahawk, bury + the war axe.

* hacer la transición = make + the transition.

* hacer la vida imposible = make + life hell.

* hacer la vista gorda = look + the other way, turn + a blind eye to, pretend + not to have seen.

* hacerle a Alguien un lavado de cerebro = brainwash.

* hacerle las cosas fáciles a Alguien = play into + the hands of.

* hacerle la vida más simple a todos = simplify + life for everyone.

* hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.

* hacerle un bombo a Alguien = knock + Alguien + up.

* hacer llamada telefónica = make + telephone call.

* hacer llorar = reduce + Nombre + to tears.

* hacer llorar de emoción = move + Nombre + to tears.

* hacerlo = do so, go ahead.

* hacerlo bien = put + matters + right, get + it + right, be right on track.

* hacer lo correcto = do + the right thing.

* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.

* hacerlo difícil de + Infinitivo = make + it + hard to + Infinitivo.

* hacer lo imposible = bend over backwards, do + the impossible, lean over + backwards, double over + backwards.

* hacer lo imposible para = jump through + hoops.

* hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.

* hacerlo mal = get + it + (all) wrong.

* hacer lo más acertado dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.

* hacerlo más llevadero = make + life easier.

* hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into, give of + Posesivo + best.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out.

* hacerlo por uno mismo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacer lo que a Uno le de la gana = get away with + murder.

* hacer lo que le corresponde a Uno = do + Posesivo + part.

* hacer lo que uno dice que es capaz de hacer = live up to + Posesivo + claim.

* hacer lo que Uno quiera = get away with + murder.

* hacer los deberes = do + homework.

* hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacerlo solo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacer los primeros pinitos = take + the first step.

* hacerlo todo excepto = stop at + nothing short of.

* hacerlo todo menos = stop at + nothing short of.

* hacer malabarismos = juggle.

* hacer malabarismos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer mandados = run + errands.

* hacer maravillas = work + wonders.

* hacer más consciente de Algo = heighten + awareness.

* hacer más copias de Algo = produce + additional copies.

* hacer más eficiente = streamline.

* hacer más estricto = tighten.

* hacer más fuerte = toughen.

* hacer más inteligente = smarten.

* hacer más interesante = spice up, add + spice.

* hacer más preciso = tightening up.

* hacer más rico = add + richness to.

* hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.

* hacer más sabroso = pep up.

* hacer más sofisticado = dumb up.

* hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.

* hacer mejoras = make + improvements.

* hacer mella = take + Posesivo + toll (on), leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression, hit + home.

* hacer mella en = dent, make + a dent in, take + a bite out of.

* hacer mención de/a = make + mention of.

* hacer mezcla = mix + cement.

* hacer milagros = work + wonders, work + miracles.

* hacer mucha ilusión = be thrilled.

* hacer mucho = do + much.

* hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.

* hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.

* hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.

* hacer mucho tiempo que Algo ha desaparecido = be long gone.

* hacer necesario = render + necessary.

* hacer negocio = make + business.

* hacer negocios = do + business, transact.

* hacer + Nombre + llegar hasta aquí = get + Nombre + this far.

* hacer + Nombre + responsable de = put + Nombre + in the driving seat.

* hacer notar = bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, mark, note, bring to + notice, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice.

* hacer notar la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt, make + Posesivo + presence known.

* hacer novillos = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.

* hacer nudos = knot.

* hacer objeciones contra = urge against.

* hacer observaciones = comment on/upon.

* hacer obsoleto = make + redundant.

* hacer oídos sordos = turn + a deaf ear to.

* hacer ordinario = coarsen.

* hacer pagar tributos = exact + tributes.

* hacer palmas = clap.

* hacer paradas = make + stops.

* hacer parecer = make + seem, make + Nombre + out to be.

* hacer parecer pequeño = dwarf.

* hacer partícipe = engage.

* hacer pasajero = render + transitory.

* hacer patochadas = fool around.

* hacer payasadas = fool around.

* hacer pedazos = shatter, smash + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer peligrar = place + in jeopardy, imperil, endanger, pose + risk.

* hacer pensar = provoke + thought, make to + think, lull + Nombre + into thinking, summon up + image.

* hacer pensar en = conjure, conjure up + a picture of, bring to + mind, conjure up + an image of, conjure up, conjure up + a vision of.

* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.

* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.

* hacer perder el entusiasmo = dampen + Posesivo + enthusiasm.

* hacer perder el sentido a = make + nonsense of.

* hacer perder la agilidad física = stale.

* hacer perder la agilidad mental = stale.

* hacer perder las esperanzas = dampen + Posesivo + hopes.

* hacer permanente = render + permanent.

* hacer ping = ping.

* hacer pipí = pee.

* hacer pis = piss, pee, take + a leak, have + a leak, widdle, piddle.

* hacer planes = plan, make + plans.

* hacer poca distinción entre... y... = make + little distinction between... and....

* hacer poco = do + little.

* hacer popular = popularise [popularize, -USA].

* hacer por encargo = make to + order.

* hacer + Posesivo + agosto = make + a killing.

* hacer + Posesivo + necesidades = relieve + Reflexivo, go + potty.

* hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work, do + Posesivo + business.

* hacer posible = enable, provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.

* hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.

* hacer preguntas = ask + questions, interrogate, air + questions, make + enquiry.

* hacer preparativo = make + arrangements.

* hacer preso = imprison, jail [gaol, -UK].

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

Sentido I

1) ( crear) <mueble/vestido> to make; <casa/carretera> to build; < nido> to build, make; < coche> to make, manufacture; < túnel> to make, dig; <dibujo/plano> to do, draw; < lista> to make, draw up; < resumen> to do, make; < película> to make; <nudo/lazo> to tie; <pan/pastel> to make, bake; <vino/café/tortilla> to make; < cerveza> to make, brew

me hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa — he made room o a place for me at the table

hacen buena pareja — they make a lovely couple

2)

a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) < sacrificio> to make; < milagro> to work, perform; <deberes/ejercicios/limpieza> to do; < mandado> to run; <transacción/investigación> to carry out; < experimento> to do, perform; < entrevista> to conduct; <gira/viaje> to do

me hicieron una visita — they paid me a visit

me hizo un regalo — she gave me a gift

¿me haces un favor? — will you do me a favor?

hicimos un trato — we did o made a deal

aún queda mucho por hacer — there is still a lot (left) to do

dar que hacer — to make a lot of work

b) <cheque/factura> to make out, write out

3) (formular, expresar) <declaración/promesa/oferta> to make; <proyecto/plan> to make, draw up; <crítica/comentario> to make, voice; < pregunta> to ask

nadie hizo ninguna objeción — nobody raised any objections

nos hizo un relato de sus aventuras — he related his adventures to us

4) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas)

hacer caca — (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq)

hacer pis or pipí — (fam) to have a pee (colloq)

hacer sus necesidades — (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)

5) ( adquirir) <dinero/fortuna> to make; < amigo> to make

6) (preparar, arreglar) < cama> to make; < maleta> to pack

hice el pescado al horno — I did o cooked the fish in the oven

tengo que hacer la comida — I must make lunch; ver tb comida 2) b)

7)

a) (producir, causar) < ruido> to make

este jabón no hace espuma — this soap doesn't lather

esos chistes no me hacen gracia — I don't find those jokes funny

estos zapatos me hacen daño — these shoes hurt my feet

b) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to go

las vacas hacen `mu' — cows go `moo'

8) ( recorrer) <trayecto/distancia> to do, cover

9) (en cálculos, enumeraciones)

son 180... y 320 hacen 500 — that's 180... and 320 is o makes 500

el visitante que hacía el número mil — the thousandth visitor

Sentido II

10)

a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to do

no hace más que quejarse — she does nothing but complain

no hice más que cumplir con mi deber — I only did my duty

le gustaría hacer teatro — she would like to work in the theater

hacen una obra de Ibsen — they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsen

deberías hacer ejercicio — you should do o get some exercise

¿hace algún deporte? — do you play o do any sports?

b) (como profesión, ocupación) to do

c) ( estudiar) to do

hace Derecho — she's doing o studying o reading Law

hacer un curso de cocina — to do a cookery course

11)

a) (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do

niño, eso no se hace! — you mustn't do that!

qué se le va a hacer! or qué le vamos a hacer! — what can you o (frml) one do?

aquí se hace lo que digo yo — around here what I say goes

hacerla — (Méx) (fam) to make it (colloq)

hacerla (buena) — (fam)

ahora sí que la hice! — now I've (really) done it!

hacérsela buena a alguien — (Méx) to keep one's word o promise to somebody

soñé que te sacabas la lotería - házmela buena! — I dreamed you won the lottery - if only!

b) (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to do

no sé qué hice con los recibos — I don't know what I did with the receipts

y el libro ¿qué lo hice? — (CS, Méx fam) what did I do with the book?

c) ( causar daño)

hacerle algo a alguien — to do something to somebody

yo no le hice nada — I didn't do anything to her

el perro no te hace nada — the dog won't hurt you

12) (esp Esp) ( actuar como)

hacer el tonto — to act o play the fool

13) ( sustituyendo a otro verbo)

toca bien el piano - antes lo hacía mejor — she plays the piano well - she used to play better

voy a escribirle - deja, yo lo haré — I'm going to write to him - don't bother, I'll do it

14) (Méx, RPl fam) (afectar, importar)

¿qué le hace? — so what? what does it matter?

eso no le hace nada — that doesn't matter at all

Sentido III

15) (transformar en, volver) to make

te hará hombre, hijo mío — it will make a man of you, my son

la hizo su mujer — he made her his wife

hizo pedazos la carta — she tore the letter into tiny pieces

ella lo hizo posible — she made it possible

hacer algo de algo — to turn something into something

hacer algo de alguien — to make something of somebody

quiero hacer de ti un gran actor — I want to make a great actor of you

16) ( dar apariencia de)

ese vestido te hace más delgada — that dress makes you look thinner

17) (inducir a, ser causa de que)

hacer algo/a alguien + inf — to make something/somebody + inf

me hizo llorar — it made me cry

todo hace suponer que... — everything suggests that o leads one to think that...

hizo caer al niño — he knocked the child over

hágalo pasar — tell him to come in

hacer que algo/alguien + subj — to make something/somebody + inf

vas a hacer que pierda la paciencia! — you're going to make me lose my temper!

18) ( obligar a)

hacer + inf a alguien — to make somebody + inf

me hizo esperar tres horas — she kept me waiting for three hours

me hizo abrirla — he made me open it

hacer que alguien + subj — to make somebody + inf

hizo que todos se sentaran — he made everybody sit down

19)

hacer hacer algo — to have o get something done/made

hice acortar las cortinas — I had o got the curtains shortened

20) (suponer, imaginar)

te hacía en Buenos Aires — I thought you were in Buenos Aires

yo que lo hacía casado! — I had the idea that he was married!
2.
hacer vi

Sentido I

1)

a) (obrar, actuar)

déjame hacer a mí — just let me handle this o take care of this

¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? — what do you have to do to get the scholarship?

¿cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo? — how do they manage to live on that salary?

hacerle a algo — (Chi, Méx fam)

le hace a todo — she does a bit of everything

yo no le hago a la pintura — I don't go in for painting

hacer y deshacer — to do as one pleases, do what one likes

b) (+ compl)

hiciste bien en decírmelo — you did o were right to tell me

haces mal en mentir — it's wrong of you to lie

2) ( refiriéndose a las necesidades fisiológicas)

mamá, ya hice! — (esp AmL) Mommy, I've been o I've finished!

hacer de cuerpo or de vientre — (frml) to have a bowel movement (frml)

3) (fingir, simular)

hizo como que no me había visto — he made out o pretended he hadn't seen me

hice como que no oía — I pretended not to hear

haz como si no supieras nada — act as if o pretend you don't know anything about it

4) ( servir)

hacer de algo: esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning; la escuela hizo de hospital — the school served as o was used as a hospital

5) ( interpretar personaje)

hacer de algo/alguien — to play (the part of) something/somebody

hacía de `malo' — he played the bad guy

Sentido II

6) (+ compl) ( sentar) (+ me/te/le etc)

le va a hacer bien salir un poco — it'll do her good to get out a bit

la trucha me hizo mal — (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me

7) ( corresponder)

hacerle a algo — to fit something

esta tapa no le hace al frasco — this lid doesn't fit the jar

8)

no le hace — ( no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; ( no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse

¿no le hace que tire la ceniza aquí? — do you mind if I drop the ash here?

9) (en 3^a pers) (frml) (tocar, concernir)

por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud — as far as your application is concerned

10) (Esp fam) ( apetecer)

¿(te) hace una cerveza? — care for a beer?, do you fancy a beer? (BrE colloq)
3.
hacer v impers

1)

a) ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico)

hace frío/calor/sol/viento — it's cold/hot/sunny/windy

hace tres grados — it's three degrees

(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso — the weather was terrible

b) (fam & hum)

hace sed ¿verdad? — it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?

parece que hace hambre — you/they seem to be hungry

2) ( expresando tiempo transcurrido)

hace dos años que murió — he's been dead for two years

¿cuánto hace que se fue? — how long ago did she leave?

hace poco/un año — a short time/a year ago

hace mucho que lo conozco — I've known him for a long time

no lo veo desde hace años — I haven't seen him for years

hacía años que no lo veía — I hadn't seen him for o in years

hasta hace poco — until recently
4.
1) hacerse v pron

Sentido I

2) ( producirse)

hágase la luz — (Bib) let there be light; (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hizo un nudo en el hilo — I got a knot in the thread

se le ha hecho una ampolla — she's got o she has a blister

hacérsele algo a alguien — (Méx)

por fin se le hizo ganar el premio — she finally got to win the award

3)

a) (refl) ( hacer para sí) <café/falda> to make oneself

se hace toda la ropa — she makes all her (own) clothes

se hicieron una casita — they built themselves a little house

b) (caus) ( hacer que otro haga)

se hicieron una casita — they had a little house built

se hizo la cirugía estética — she had plastic surgery

voy a hacerme las manos — I'm going to have a manicure

4) ( causarse)

me hice un tajo en el dedo — I cut my finger

¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? — what did you do to your arm?

¿te hiciste daño? — did you hurt yourself?

5) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas)

todavía se hace pis/caca — (fam) she still wets/messes herself

6) (refl) ( adquirir) to make

hacerse un nombre — to make a name for oneself

hacerse enemigos — to make enemies

Sentido II

7)

a) (volverse, convertirse en) to become

hacerse famoso/monja — to become famous/a nun

se están haciendo viejos — they are getting o growing old

b) (impers)

se hace de noche muy pronto — it gets dark very early

se está haciendo tarde — it's getting late; (+ me/te/le etc)

se nos hizo de noche esperándolo — it got dark while we were waiting for him

c) ( cocinarse) pescado/guiso to cook

d) (AmL) ( pasarle a)

¿qué se habrá hecho María? — what can have happened to María?

8) ( resultar)

esto se hace muy pesado — this gets very boring; (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hizo interminable — it seemed interminable

se me hace difícil creerlo — I find it very hard to believe

9) ( dar impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc)

se me hace que está ofendida — I get the feeling o impression that she's upset

se me hace que va a llover — I think o I have a feeling it's going to rain

hacérsele a alguien — (Chi fam) to back out

10) (caus)

hacerse + inf: hazte respetar make people respect you; el desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in coming; un chico que se hace querer a likable kid; se hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion built; hazte ver por un médico — (AmL) go and see a doctor

11) ( acostumbrarse)

hacerse a algo/+ inf — to get used to something/-ing

no consigo hacerme a la idea — I can't get used to the idea

12) ( fingirse)

no te hagas el inocente — don't act the innocent

me vio pero se hizo el loco — he saw me but pretended he hadn't

¿éste es bobo o se (lo) hace? — (fam) is this guy stupid or just a good actor? (colloq)

no te hagas el sordo — don't pretend o act as if you didn't hear me

yo me hice — (Méx fam) I pretend not to notice

13) ( moverse) (+ compl) to move

hacerse atrás/a un lado — to move back/to one side

14) hacerse con

el ejército se hizo con la ciudad — the army took the city

tengo que hacerme con esa carta — I must get hold of that letter

logró hacerse con el control de la compañía — he managed to gain control of the company

15) hacerse de (AmL)

se hicieron de gran fama — they became very famous

tengo que hacerme de dinero — I must get o lay my hands on some money

se hizo de muchos amigos — he made a lot of friends

* * *

= accomplish, design (for/to), be up to, cause, conduct, do, devise, produce, render, compose, make, get (a)round to, make out, get round to, brew.

Ex: If a library prefers to simplify records in particular areas, this can usually be accomplished by not entering particular types of information.

Ex: In lists designed for international use a symbolic notation instead of textual notes may be used.

Ex: When I saw what he was up to, I drew back for a punch and hit him so hard on the nose that he fell on his back and lay there for some time, so that his wife stood over him and cried out 'Mercy! You've done my husband in!'.

Ex: As usage of the language causes terms to become anachronistic, or as increases in our level of awareness reveal undesirable connotations, we seek to change subject heading terms.

Ex: Obviously, this tagging must be conducted manually.

Ex: In all these cases where scientists studied what crafstmen knew how to do the resulting benefits have accrued to science not to technology.

Ex: Special classification schemes are generally devised for an application in which no major general scheme is suitable.

Ex: The present OCLC system does not produce catalog cards in sets, but if it did it could produce over 6,000 different sets for one title.

Ex: So strongly was it felt by proponents of change that just such unconscious biases rendered libraries 'part of the problem, instead of the solution'.

Ex: There have never been any attempts to compose a bibliography of US government documents relating to international law.

Ex: This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..

Ex: The article is entitled 'A list of lists of Web sites to check out: getting organized and getting around to it are two different things'.

Ex: The cards for those headings should be removed from the index and new cards made out if necessary.

Ex: The government have been making noises about it for some time but haven't quite got round to it.

Ex: The goddess owned a potent magick cauldron in which she planned to brew a special liquid for her ugly son.

* acceder haciendo clic = click.

* acusación + hacer = accusation + level.

* aguja de hacer croché = crochet hook, crochet needle.

* aguja de hacer ganchillo = crochet hook, crochet needle.

* aguja de hacer punto = knitting needle.

* algo diverto que hacer = fun thing to do.

* Algo que se hace para matar el tiempo = time filler.

* al hacer esto = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so, in doing so.

* a medio hacer = halfway done, half done.

* anunciado desde hace tiempo = long-heralded.

* aprender haciendo = learn by + doing.

* batir hasta hacer espuma = work up + a lather.

* ¡bien hecho! = the way to go!.

* buscar una forma de hacer (algo) = develop + way + to make + Nombre.

* contenedor para hacer compost = compost bin.

* continuar con el buen hacer = keep up + the good work, keep up + the great work.

* continuar haciendo algo = get on with + Nombre.

* cuando hace frío = in the cold.

* cumplido hace tiempo = long overdue.

* decidir hacer = spring for.

* decidir qué hacer con = make + disposition of.

* de hace años = of years ago.

* de hace muchos años = long-standing.

* de hace mucho tiempo = age-old, long-lost.

* de hace siglos = of yore.

* de hace varios siglos = centuries-old.

* dejar de hacer huelga = cross + the picket line.

* dejar que Alguien haga las cosas a su manera = let + Nombre + do things + Posesivo + (own) way.

* dejar sin hacer = leave + undone.

* desde hace algún tiempo = for some time past, for days.

* desde hace años = over the years, for years past, for years.

* desde hace la tira (de tiempo) = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace muchísimo tiempo = in ages (and ages and ages).

* desde hace muchos años = for years.

* desde hace mucho tiempo = for ages, long-time [longtime], long since, in ages (and ages and ages).

* desde hace siglos = for yonks, for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace tanto tiempo = so long.

* desde hace tiempo = long [longer -comp., longest -sup.], over the years, for a long time, long since, for some time.

* desde hace un montonazo de tiempo = for yonks and yonks.

* desde hace un montón de tiempo = for yonks.

* desde hace un par de + Tiempo = in these past couple of + Tiempo.

* desde hace varios años + Presente = for several years + Pretérito Perfecto.

* desde hace ya algún tiempo = for some time now.

* desde hace ya años = for years now.

* difícil de hacer = hard to do.

* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).

* dos entuertos no hacen un derecho = two wrongs do not make a right.

* el que las hace, las paga = you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* encargado de hacer el presupuesto = budgetmaker.

* esfuerzo + hacer sudar = work up + a lather.

* es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo = easier said than done.

* esperado hace tiempo = overdue.

* esperar sin nada que hacer = kick + Posesivo + heels.

* establecido desde hace tiempo = long-established.

* estar haciendo = be up to.

* estar haciendo Algo = have + Nombre + on the go.

* estar haciendo algo que no se debe = be up to no good.

* estar sin hacer nada = sit + idle, stand + idle.

* existir desde hace años = be around for years.

* frotar hasta hacer espuma = lather.

* hace algunos años = some years ago.

* hace algún tiempo = some time ago, a while back, some while ago, sometime back.

* hace años = years ago.

* hace demasiado tiempo = too long ago.

* hacer huir en batalla = route.

* hace la tira (de tiempo) = yonks, yonks and yonks.

* hace miles de años = aeons ago.

* hace muchas lunas = all those many moons ago, many moons ago.

* hace muchísimos años = a great many years ago.

* hace muchísimo tiempo = ages (and ages) ago, aeons ago, yonks.

* hace muchos años = many years ago.

* hace mucho tiempo = long since, all those many moons ago, many moons ago.

* hace muy poco tiempo = a short time ago.

* hace + Número + años = Número + years ago.

* hace poco tiempo = a short time ago.

* hacer a Alguien pasar vergüenza = embarrass.

* hacer a Alguien precavido = put + Nombre + on + Posesivo + guard.

* hacer abono orgánico = compost.

* hacer acampada = camp.

* hacer accesible a través de = make + available through.

* hacer ademanes = flail about, gesticulate.

* hacer aflorar = bring to + the surface.

* hacer aflorar sentimientos de antagonismo = bring to + the surface + feelings of antagonism.

* hacer ágil = limber up.

* hacer agua = Negativo + hold + water.

* hacer agua(s) = spring + a leak.

* hacer a gusto del consumidor = make to + order.

* hacer ajustes = make + adjustment.

* hacer alarde de = boast, flaunt, brag, show off.

* hacer alegaciones = plead.

* hacer Algo a hurtadillas = sneak.

* hacer algo alocado = do + something footloose and fancy-free.

* hacer algo al respecto = do + something about it.

* hacer Algo con dificultad = muddle through, plod (along/through).

* hacer Algo con mucho esfuerzo = plod (along/through).

* hacer algo con respecto a = do + something about.

* hacer Algo de cara a la galería = play to + the gallery.

* hacer Algo en exceso = push + Nombre + too far.

* hacer algo funcionar = make + Nombre + tick.

* hacer Algo muy bien = do + an excellent job of, make + an excellent job of.

* hacer Algo para la galería = play to + the gallery.

* hacer algo poco a poco = eat away at.

* hacer algo por amor al arte = labour of love.

* hacer Algo por + Posesivo + propia cuenta = make + Posesivo + own arrangements.

* hacer Algo posible = make + provision for.

* hacer Algo puré = mash.

* hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.

* hacer Algo realidad = make + Nombre + come true.

* hacer Algo sin ser visto = sneak.

* hacer Algo sobre la marcha = play + Nombre + by ear.

* hacer Algo trocitos = tear + Nombre + to shreds, tear + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer algunos comentarios sobre lo que Alguien ha dicho = take + a few cracks at.

* hacer alusión a = make + allusion to, make + reference to.

* hacer a mano = handcraft.

* hacer a medida = custom-make, make to + order.

* hacer a medida para satisfacer los requisitos = tailor to + meet the specification.

* hacer amigos = win + friends.

* hacer amistad = make + friend.

* hacer amistad con = make + friends with, befriend.

* hacer amistades = friend.

* hacer ampollas = blister.

* hacer anotaciones = annotate, mark + Nombre + up.

* hacer añicos = shatter, blow + Nombre + to bits, smash + Nombre + to bits, tear + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer aparecer = cause + display of.

* hacer a partir de = make out of.

* hacer apología = make + apology.

* hacer arreglos florales = arrange + flowers.

* hacer artesanalmente = handcraft.

* hacer asequible = make + amenable.

* hacer atractivo = endear.

* hacer a un lado = nudge + Nombre + aside, push aside.

* hacer autostop = thumb + a lift, hitch + a ride.

* hacer avances = make + headway.

* hacer avanzar = nudge + Nombre + forward, push + the frontiers of, nudge + Nombre + along, nudge + Nombre + into, push + the boundaries of.

* hacer avanzar el conocimiento = push back + the frontiers of knowledge.

* hacer avanzar hacia = nudge + Nombre + toward.

* hacer averiguaciones = make + enquiry.

* hacer bajar = force down.

* hacer balance de = take + stock of.

* hacer barrabasadas = play + pranks.

* hacer basto = coarsen.

* hacer bien = do + good.

* hacer borrón y cuenta nueva = start with + a clean slate, cut + Posesivo + losses, turn over + a new leaf.

* hacer borroso = blur.

* hacer bromas = banter.

* hacer bucles = loop.

* hacer buenas migas = hit it off.

* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.

* hacer bulla = kick up + a stink, kick up + a fuss, raise + a stink, make + a stink (about), make + a racket, make + a row, make + a ruckus, kick up + a row.

* hacer bulto = bulge.

* hacer búsquedas en = search through.

* hacer caca = take + a dump.

* hacer caer = oust.

* hacer caja = tally up + sales, balance + the cash, reconcile (with), balance + the cash drawer.

* hacer caja con = cash in on, ride (on) + Posesivo + coattails.

* hacer callar = shush, hush, quieten.

* hacer cambiar = swing + Persona.

* hacer cambiar las cosas = turn + the tide on.

* hacer cambios en la búsqueda = renegotiate + search.

* hacer cambios indebidamente = tamper (with).

* hacer campaña = campaign, stump, go out on + the road.

* hacer cara a = brave.

* hacer caso = take + notice, listen (to).

* hacer caso a Alguien = take + Posesivo + word for it.

* hacer caso (a/de) = pay + attention to.

* hacer caso omiso = disregard, brush aside, go + unheeded, fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears, thumb + Posesivo + nose at, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fly in + the face of, push aside.

* hacer caso omiso de = be oblivious of/to.

* hacer chanchullos = fiddle.

* hacer chatting = chat.

* hacer circular = pass around.

* hacer circular por = circulate round.

* hacer cisco = tear + apart, wipe + the floor with.

* hacer coincidir (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer cola = queue up.

* hacer colectas = exact + contributions.

* hacer comentarios = air + comments.

* hacer como el avestruz = bury + Posesivo + head in the sand (like an ostrich), stick + Posesivo + head in the sand.

* hacer como si nada = play it + cool.

* hacer comparaciones = draw + comparisons, make + comparisons.

* hacer comparecer = arraign.

* hacer compatible (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer compost = compost.

* hacer compras = do + shopping.

* hacer comprender = bring + home.

* hacer con Alguien lo que Uno quiera = be like putty in + Posesivo + hands.

* hacer concesiones = make + allowances.

* hacer conjeturas = speculate.

* hacer constar = state.

* hacer contrabando = smuggle.

* hacer copias = make + multiple copies.

* hacer copias mediante multicopista por disolvente = spirit duplication.

* hacer correr la voz = spread + the word, spread + the good word, pass on + the good word, spread + the news.

* hacer cosas = get + things done.

* hacer cosquillas = tickle.

* hacer creer = lead to + believe, lull + Nombre + into thinking.

* hacer crítica = find + fault with.

* hacer croché = crochet.

* hacer cuadrar (con) = reconcile (with).

* hacer cuadrar las cuentas = reconcile + receipts.

* hacer cuadras las facturas = reconcile + receipts.

* hacer cualquier cosa = do + anything, give + Posesivo + right arm.

* hacer cumplir = uphold.

* hacer cumplir la disciplina = enforce + discipline.

* hacer cumplir la legislación = enforce + legislation.

* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.

* hacer cumplir una norma = enforce + standard.

* hacer cumplir una política = uphold + policy.

* hacer cumplir unas normas = enforce + policy.

* hacer daño = do + harm, hurt.

* hacer dar vueltas = gyrate.

* hacer de = make out of.

* hacer de carabina = play + gooseberry.

* hacer declamaciones = declaim.

* hacer dedo = hitch + a ride, thumb + a lift.

* hacer de la noche día = burn + the candle at both ends.

* hacer del mismo molde = cast in + the same mould as.

* hacer de nuevo = redo [re-do], remake.

* hacer de + Posesivo + parte = do + Posesivo + bit.

* hacer derretir el hielo = de-ice [deice].

* hacer desaparecer = eradicate, dispel, banish.

* hacer desaparecer una división = blur + division.

* hacer desaparecer un mito = dispel + myth.

* hacer descuento = discount.

* hacer desfilar = parade.

* hacer detonar = detonate.

* hacer de tripas corazón = bite + the bullet.

* hacer diabluras = play + pranks.

* hacer diana = hit + home.

* hacer difícil = make + it + difficult, make + difficult.

* hacer dinero = make + money.

* hacer dudar = make + Nombre + doubt, misgive.

* hacer eco = echo, resonate.

* hacer eco de = echo.

* hacer efectivo = cash in.

* hacer efectivo en metálico = pay in + cash.

* hacer ejercicio físico = work out.

* hacer ejercicios de calentamiento = limber up.

* hacer el aire irrespirable = choke + the air.

* hacer el amor = make + love.

* hacer el avío = get + ready.

* hacer el balance de cuentas = balance + the cash, balance + the cash drawer.

* hacer el cambio = make + the change.

* hacer el chorra = pissing into the wind.

* hacer el deber de Uno = do + Posesivo + part.

* hacer el dobladillo = hem.

* hacer elección = make + choices.

* hacer el esfuerzo necesario = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight.

* hacer el indio = horse around/about.

* hacer el intento = have + a go, give + it a shot, give + Nombre + a try, have + a stab at, take + a stab at, make + a stab at, give + it a whirl, give + it a try.

* hacer el mal = do + evil.

* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.

* hacer el monigote = fool around.

* hacer el paripé = keep up + facade, put on + an act.

* hacer el pasillo = form + a guard of honour.

* hacer el pasillo de honor = form + a guard of honour.

* hacer el recorrido normal = make + the rounds.

* hacer el ridículo = make + a fool of + Reflexivo, make + an arse of + Reflexivo, make + a spectacle of + Reflexivo.

* hacer el testamento = testate.

* hacer el tonto = fool around, horse around/about.

* hacer el último esfuerzo = go + the last mile, go + the extra mile.

* hacer encaje = tat.

* hacer encaje de bolillos = do + the impossible, jump through + hoops, double over + backwards.

* hacer encaje de bolillos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer encargos = run + errands.

* hacer enemigos = make + enemies.

* hacer entender = get across.

* hacer erupción = erupt.

* hacer escala = stop over.

* hacer eses = zigzag.

* hacer esperar = cool + Posesivo + heels.

* hacer espuma = work up + a lather, froth.

* hacer esquina con = form + right angles with.

* hacer estallar = spark, ignite, touch off, blow up, let off.

* hacer estallar en añicos = blow + sky high.

* hacer estallar una bomba = bomb.

* hacer estallar un guerra = ignite + war.

* hacer esto = go along + this road.

* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.

* hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess around.

* hacer esto y aquello sin prisas = pootle.

* hacer estragos = lay + waste to, create + havoc, wreak + havoc, cause + havoc, take + Posesivo + toll (on).

* hacer estragos en = play + havoc with.

* hacer estrías = rifle.

* hacer exenciones = make + exemptions.

* hacer experimentos = institute + experiments.

* hacer explícito = make + explicit.

* hacer explotar = blow up.

* hacer extensivo + Posesivo + agradecimiento = extend + Posesivo + thanks.

* hacer factible = make + feasible.

* hacer falta = need, must, have to, it + take.

* hacer flexible = limber up.

* hacer fortuna = make + Posesivo + fortune, make + a fortune, strike + it rich, strike + gold, hit + the jackpot.

* hacer fotocopias = photoduplication [photo-duplication].

* hacer fotografía = make + picture.

* hacer fracasar = foil, derail.

* hacer frente = combat, come to + terms with, contain, address + Nombre + head-on, meet + Nombre + head-on, tackle + Nombre + head-on, face + Nombre + head-on, engage.

* hacer frente a = confront, deal with, face, face up to, meet, cope with, wrestle with, stand up to, brave, breast, address.

* hacer frente a deudas = meet + debts.

* hacer frente a gastos = meet + expenses.

* hacer frente a la delincuencia = tackle + crime.

* hacer frente a la inflación = combat + inflation.

* hacer frente a la realidad = confront + reality, face + (the) facts, face + (up to) the fact that, face + reality.

* hacer frente a la realidad (de que) = face + the truth (that).

* hacer frente a las diferencias = face + differences.

* hacer frente a la situación = tackle + situation.

* hacer frente a la vida = cope.

* hacer frente al cambio = manage + change.

* hacer frente al futuro = face up to + the future.

* hacer frente al hecho de que = face + (up to) the fact that.

* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.

* hacer frente a los hechos = face + facts.

* hacer frente a tiempos difíciles = cope with + difficult times, cope with + difficult times.

* hacer frente a una amenaza = address + threat.

* hacer frente a una crisis = face + crisis, meet + crisis.

* hacer frente a una incertidumbre = meet + uncertainty.

* hacer frente a una necesidad = meet + need, serve + need.

* hacer frente a una responsabilidad = meet + responsibility, face up to + responsibility.

* hacer frente a un cambio = meet + change.

* hacer frente a un gasto = meet + cost.

* hacer frente a un problema = attack + problem, combat + problem, wrestle with + problem.

* hacer frente a un reto = rise (up) to + challenge, confront + challenge, meet + challenge, embrace + challenge.

* hacer fresco = be cool.

* hacer funcionar = service, do + the trick.

* hacer gala de = sport.

* hacer gala del conocimiento que uno tiene = air + knowledge.

* hacer ganchillo = crochet.

* hacer garabatos = scribble, scrawl, doodle.

* hacer girar = twiddle, twirl.

* hacer gozar = delight.

* hacer gracia = tickle + Posesivo + fancy.

* hacer grandes esfuerzos por = take + (great) pains to.

* hacer grandes progresos = make + great strides.

* hacer guardar silencio = shush.

* hacer hasta la presente = do + all along.

* hacer hidrófugo = render + water-repellent.

* hacer hincapié = emphasise [emphasize, -USA].

* hacer hincapié en = put + a premium on.

* hacer hincapié en una idea = hammer + point.

* hacer historia = make + history, history in the making, go down in + history.

* hacer honor al nombre de Uno = live up to + Posesivo + name.

* hacer horas extraordinarias = work + overtime.

* hacer horas extras = work + overtime.

* hacer hueco = make + room (for).

* hacer huelga = strike.

* hacer huella = leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression.

* hacer huir = drive away, chase + Nombre + off.

* hacer imaginar = conjure up + an image of, conjure up + a vision of.

* hacer impermeable = render + water-repellent.

* hacer inalterable = set in + stone, set in + tablets of stone.

* hacer incomprensible = render + incomprehensible, garble.

* hacer indescifrable = render + indecipherable, garble.

* hacer innecesario = obviate + the need for, make + redundant.

* hacer insinuaciones = make + innuendoes.

* hacer insinuaciones sobre = make + noises about, make + a noise about.

* hacer insoluble = render + insoluble.

* hacer inutilizable = render + useless.

* hacer juego con = go with.

* hacer juegos malabares = juggle.

* hacer juegos malabares para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer justicia = do + justice.

* hacer la cama = make + the bed.

* hacer la cuenta = tot up, tote up.

* hacer la guerra = make + war.

* hacer (la) mona = play + hooky, play + truant, skip + class.

* hacer la paz = make + (the) peace.

* hacer la pelota = butter + Nombre + up, toady, fawn (on/upon/over).

* hacer la pelota a + Alguien = curry + favour with + Alguien.

* hacer la pelotilla = toady, butter + Nombre + up.

* hacer la prueba = give + it a whirl, give + it a shot, give + it a try.

* hacer largos = swim + laps.

* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.

* hacer las maletas = pack up, pack + Posesivo + belongings, pack + Posesivo + things, pack + Posesivo + suitcases, pack + Posesivo + bags.

* hacer las paces = heal + the breach, heal + the rift, bury + the hatchet, make + (the) peace, smoke + the peace pipe, smoke + the pipe of peace, bury + the tomahawk, bury + the war axe.

* hacer la transición = make + the transition.

* hacer la vida imposible = make + life hell.

* hacer la vista gorda = look + the other way, turn + a blind eye to, pretend + not to have seen.

* hacerle a Alguien un lavado de cerebro = brainwash.

* hacerle las cosas fáciles a Alguien = play into + the hands of.

* hacerle la vida más simple a todos = simplify + life for everyone.

* hacerle una paja a un muerto = flog + a dead horse, beat + a dead horse, fart + in the wind.

* hacerle un bombo a Alguien = knock + Alguien + up.

* hacer llamada telefónica = make + telephone call.

* hacer llorar = reduce + Nombre + to tears.

* hacer llorar de emoción = move + Nombre + to tears.

* hacerlo = do so, go ahead.

* hacerlo bien = put + matters + right, get + it + right, be right on track.

* hacer lo correcto = do + the right thing.

* hacerlo de nuevo = go and do it again.

* hacerlo difícil de + Infinitivo = make + it + hard to + Infinitivo.

* hacer lo imposible = bend over backwards, do + the impossible, lean over + backwards, double over + backwards.

* hacer lo imposible para = jump through + hoops.

* hacerlo lo mejor que uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + utmost, give + Posesivo + best.

* hacerlo mal = get + it + (all) wrong.

* hacer lo más acertado dadas las circunstancias = do + the best thing in the circumstances.

* hacerlo más llevadero = make + life easier.

* hacerlo mejor = do + a better job.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into, give of + Posesivo + best.

* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + best, try + Posesivo + heart out.

* hacerlo por uno mismo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacer lo que a Uno le de la gana = get away with + murder.

* hacer lo que le corresponde a Uno = do + Posesivo + part.

* hacer lo que uno dice que es capaz de hacer = live up to + Posesivo + claim.

* hacer lo que Uno quiera = get away with + murder.

* hacer los deberes = do + homework.

* hacerlo sin la ayuda de nadie = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacerlo solo = do + it + on + Posesivo + own.

* hacer los primeros pinitos = take + the first step.

* hacerlo todo excepto = stop at + nothing short of.

* hacerlo todo menos = stop at + nothing short of.

* hacer malabarismos = juggle.

* hacer malabarismos para que cuadre Algo = juggle.

* hacer mandados = run + errands.

* hacer maravillas = work + wonders.

* hacer más consciente de Algo = heighten + awareness.

* hacer más copias de Algo = produce + additional copies.

* hacer más eficiente = streamline.

* hacer más estricto = tighten.

* hacer más fuerte = toughen.

* hacer más inteligente = smarten.

* hacer más interesante = spice up, add + spice.

* hacer más preciso = tightening up.

* hacer más rico = add + richness to.

* hacer más riguroso = tighten, tightening up.

* hacer más sabroso = pep up.

* hacer más sofisticado = dumb up.

* hacer mejor = give + Nombre + an edge.

* hacer mejoras = make + improvements.

* hacer mella = take + Posesivo + toll (on), leave + an impression, touch + Posesivo + life, leave + Posesivo + mark, cut + a swath(e), leave + an imprint, make + an impression, hit + home.

* hacer mella en = dent, make + a dent in, take + a bite out of.

* hacer mención de/a = make + mention of.

* hacer mezcla = mix + cement.

* hacer milagros = work + wonders, work + miracles.

* hacer mucha ilusión = be thrilled.

* hacer mucho = do + much.

* hacer mucho dinero = make + good money, earn + good money.

* hacer mucho por = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.

* hacer muchos aspavientos por Algo = make + a song and dance about.

* hacer mucho tiempo que Algo ha desaparecido = be long gone.

* hacer necesario = render + necessary.

* hacer negocio = make + business.

* hacer negocios = do + business, transact.

* hacer + Nombre + llegar hasta aquí = get + Nombre + this far.

* hacer + Nombre + responsable de = put + Nombre + in the driving seat.

* hacer notar = bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, mark, note, bring to + notice, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice.

* hacer notar la presencia de = make + Posesivo + presence felt, make + Posesivo + presence known.

* hacer novillos = play + hooky, skip + class, play + truant, bunk off, bunk + classes, skive, bunk + school.

* hacer nudos = knot.

* hacer objeciones contra = urge against.

* hacer observaciones = comment on/upon.

* hacer obsoleto = make + redundant.

* hacer oídos sordos = turn + a deaf ear to.

* hacer ordinario = coarsen.

* hacer pagar tributos = exact + tributes.

* hacer palmas = clap.

* hacer paradas = make + stops.

* hacer parecer = make + seem, make + Nombre + out to be.

* hacer parecer pequeño = dwarf.

* hacer partícipe = engage.

* hacer pasajero = render + transitory.

* hacer patochadas = fool around.

* hacer payasadas = fool around.

* hacer pedazos = shatter, smash + Nombre + to bits.

* hacer peligrar = place + in jeopardy, imperil, endanger, pose + risk.

* hacer pensar = provoke + thought, make to + think, lull + Nombre + into thinking, summon up + image.

* hacer pensar en = conjure, conjure up + a picture of, bring to + mind, conjure up + an image of, conjure up, conjure up + a vision of.

* hacer pequeños ajustes = tinker + around the edges, tinker with.

* hacer perder el conocimiento = knock + Nombre + out, knock + Nombre + unconscious.

* hacer perder el entusiasmo = dampen + Posesivo + enthusiasm.

* hacer perder el sentido a = make + nonsense of.

* hacer perder la agilidad física = stale.

* hacer perder la agilidad mental = stale.

* hacer perder las esperanzas = dampen + Posesivo + hopes.

* hacer permanente = render + permanent.

* hacer ping = ping.

* hacer pipí = pee.

* hacer pis = piss, pee, take + a leak, have + a leak, widdle, piddle.

* hacer planes = plan, make + plans.

* hacer poca distinción entre... y... = make + little distinction between... and....

* hacer poco = do + little.

* hacer popular = popularise [popularize, -USA].

* hacer por encargo = make to + order.

* hacer + Posesivo + agosto = make + a killing.

* hacer + Posesivo + necesidades = relieve + Reflexivo, go + potty.

* hacer + Posesivo + trabajo = get on with + Posesivo + work, do + Posesivo + business.

* hacer posible = enable, provide for, make + possible, provide + a basis for, make + an opportunity.

* hacer posible el crecimiento = accommodate + growth.

* hacer preguntas = ask + questions, interrogate, air + questions, make + enquiry.

* hacer preparativo = make + arrangements.

* hacer preso = imprison, jail [gaol, -UK].

* * *

hacer [ E18 ]

GUIA DE BUSQUEDA

■ hacer (verbo transitivo)

Sentido I

A

1 crear

2 extender: cheque, factura etc

B efectuar, llevar a cabo

C formular, expresar

D con las necesidades fisiológicas

E adquirir: dinero, amigos etc

F preparar, arreglar

G

1 producir, causar

2 refiriéndose a sonidos

H recorrer

I en cálculos, enumeraciones

Sentido II

A

1 ocuparse en una actividad

2 como profesión, ocupación

3 estudiar

B

1 actuar de cierta manera

2 dar cierto uso

3 causar daño

C actuar como

D hacer una vida

E sustituyendo a otro verbo

F afectar, importar

Sentido III

A transformar en, volver

B dar apariencia de

C inducir a, ser la causa de que

D obligar a

E hacer hacer algo

F acostumbrar

G suponer, imaginar

■ hacer (verbo intransitivo)

Sentido I

A

1 obrar, actuar

2 hacer bien, mal etc

B con las necesidades fisiológicas

C fingir, simular

D intentar, procurar

E servir

F interpretar un personaje

Sentido II

A

1 sentarle bien, mal

2 quedar, resultar

B corresponder

C no le hace

D en tercera persona: concernir

E apetecer

■ hacer (verbo impersonal)

A

1 refiriéndose al tiempo

2 familiar humorístico

B expresando el tiempo transcurrido

■ hacerse (verbo pronominal)

Sentido I

A producirse

B

1 hacer para sí

2 hacer que otro haga

C causarse

D con las necesidades fisiológicas

E adquirir

Sentido II

A

1 volverse, convertirse en

2 impersonal

3 cocinarse

4 pasarle (a algn)

B resultar

C dar la impresión de

D causativo

E acostumbrarse

F fingirse

G

1 moverse

2 colocarse

H hacerse con

I hacerse de

vt

Sentido I [ Grammar notes (Spanish) ]

A

1 (crear) ‹mueble› to make; ‹casa/carretera› to build; ‹nido› to build, make; ‹coche› to make, manufacture; ‹dibujo› to do, draw; ‹lista› to make, draw up; ‹resumen› to do, make; ‹película› to make; ‹vestido/cortina› to make; ‹pan/pastel› to make, bake; ‹vino/café/tortilla› to make; ‹cerveza› to make, brew

les hace toda la ropa a los niños she makes all the children's clothes

hacer un nudo/lazo to tie a knot/bow

hazme un plano de la zona do o draw me a map of the area

me hizo un lugar or sitio en la mesa he made room o a place for me at the table

le hizo un hijo ( fam); he got her pregnant

hacen una pareja preciosa they make a lovely couple

2 (extender) ‹cheque/factura/receta› to make out, write out, write

me hizo un cheque she wrote o made me out a check

B (efectuar, llevar a cabo) ‹sacrificio› to make; ‹milagro› to work, perform; ‹deberes/ejercicios› to do; ‹transacción› to carry out; ‹experimento› to do, perform; ‹limpieza› to do

estaban haciendo los preparativos para el viaje they were making preparations for o they were preparing for the journey

me hicieron una visita they paid me a visit, they came and visited me

hicieron una gira por Europa they went on o did a tour of Europe

hicimos el viaje sin parar we did the journey without stopping

me hizo un regalo precioso she gave me a beautiful gift

tengo que hacer los mandados I have some errands to run

¿me haces un favor? will you do me a favor?

me hizo señas para que me acercara she motioned to me to come closer

hicimos un trato we did o made a deal

hago un papel secundario en la obra I have a minor part in the play

aún queda mucho por hacer there is still a lot (left) to do

C (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make; ‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up; ‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice; ‹pregunta› to ask

nadie hizo ninguna objeción nobody raised any objections, nobody objected

nos hizo un relato de sus aventuras he related his adventures to us, he gave us an account of his adventures

D

(con las necesidades fisiológicas): hace dos días que no hago caca ( fam); I haven't been for two days ( euph)

hice pis or pipí antes de salir ( fam); I had a pee before I left ( colloq)

hacer sus necesidades ( euf); to go to the bathroom o toilet

E (adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make; ‹amigo› to make

hicieron muchas amistades en Chile they made a lot of friends in Chile

F (preparar, arreglar) ‹cama› to make; ‹maleta› to pack

tengo que hacer la comida I must get lunch (ready) o cook lunch

hice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the oven

G

1 (producir, causar) ‹ruido› to make

este jabón no hace espuma this soap doesn't lather

esos chistes no me hacen gracia I don't find those jokes funny

estos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feet

2 (refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to go

los perros hacen `guau guau' dogs go `bow-wow'

el agua hacía glugluglú en los caños the water gurgled o made a gurgling noise in the pipes

¿cómo hace el coche del abuelo? how does Grandpa's car go?, what noise does Grandpa's car make?

H (recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to do

hicimos los 500 kilómetros en cuatro horas we did o covered the 500 kilometers in four hours

I

(en cálculos, enumeraciones): son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500

el visitante que hacía el número mil the thousandth visitor

hace el número 26 en la lista she is o comes 26th on the list

Sentido II

A

1 (ocuparse en una actividad) to do

¿no tienes nada que hacer? don't you have anything to do?

ya terminé ¿qué hago ahora? I've finished, what shall I do now?

no hace más que or sino quejarse she does nothing but complain, all she ever does is complain

no hice más que or sino cumplir con mi deber I only o merely did my duty

le gustaría hacer teatro she would like to work in the theater

están haciendo una obra de Ibsen they're doing o putting on a play by Ibsen

deberías hacer ejercicio you should exercise, you should do o get some exercise

¿hace algún deporte? do you go in for o play o do any sports?

no estaba haciendo turismo, sino en viaje de negocios I wasn't there on vacation ( AmE) o ( BrE) on holiday, it was a business trip

2 (como profesión, ocupación) to do

¿qué hace su novio? — es médico what does her boyfriend do? — he's a doctor

3 (estudiar) to do

hace Derecho she's doing o studying o reading Law

hizo un curso de contabilidad he did an accountancy course

hizo la carrera de Filosofía she did a degree in philosophy o a philosophy degree, she studied philosophy

B

1 (actuar de cierta manera, realizar cierta acción) to do

yo en tu caso habría hecho lo mismo in your situation I would have done the same

perdona, lo hice sin querer I'm sorry, I didn't do it on purpose

haz lo que quieras do what you like

aquí se hace lo que digo yo I'm in charge around here, around here what I say goes

¡niño, eso no se hace! you mustn't do that!

haré lo posible por hablar con él I'll do all o everything I can to speak to him

¡qué se le va a hacer! or ¡qué le vamos a hacer! what can you o ( frml) one do?

no puedes aceptar — ¡qué le voy a hacer! no me queda más remedio you can't accept — what else can I do? I've no choice

hacerla ( Méx fam): ya la hizo: lo nombraron director now he's really made it: he's been appointed director

si le gano al sueco ya la hice if I can beat the Swede I'll have it in the bag ( colloq)

la hicieron bien y bonita con ese negocio they did really well out of that deal

hacerla (buena) ( fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! me dejé las llaves dentro now I've (really) done it! I've left the keys inside

¡ya la hicimos! se pinchó la rueda that's done it! o now, we're in trouble, we've got a flat

hacérsela buena a algn ( Méx); to keep one's word o promise to sb

se la hizo buena y se casó con ella he kept his word o promise and married her

soñé que te sacabas la lotería — ¡házmela buena! I dreamed you won the lottery — if only! o if only it would come true!

mañana dejo de fumar — ¡házmela buena! I'm going to give up smoking tomorrow — oh, please! o if only you would!

2 (dar cierto uso, destino, posición) to do

¿qué vas a hacer con el dinero del premio? what are you going to do with the prize money?

no sé qué hice con los recibos I don't know what I did with the receipts

y el libro ¿qué lo hice? (CS fam); what did I do with the book?

3

(causar daño): hacerle algo a algn to do sth to sb

no le tengas miedo al perro, no hace nada don't be frightened of the dog, he won't hurt you

yo no le hice nada I didn't touch her o do anything to her

no te he contado la última que me hizo I haven't told you the latest thing he did to me

C

( esp Esp) (actuar como): deja de hacer el tonto/payaso stop acting o playing the fool, stop clowning around

D

(llevar): hacer una vida solitaria/normal to lead a lonely life/normal life

trata de hacer una vida sana try to lead a healthy life

E

(sustituyendo a otro verbo): toca bien la guitarra — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the guitar well — she used to play o be better

voy a escribirle — deja, ya lo haré yo I'm going to write to him — don't bother, I'll do it

voy a dimitir — por favor, no lo hagas I'm going to resign — please don't o please, don't do it

F

( RPl fam) (afectar, importar): la salsa quedó un poco líquida — ¿qué le hace? the sauce came out a bit thin — so what? o what does it matter?

eso no le hace nada that doesn't matter at all

Sentido III

A (transformar en, volver) to make

te hará hombre, hijo mío it will make a man of you, my son

la hizo su mujer he made her his wife

agarró la copa y la hizo añicos contra el suelo he grabbed the glass and smashed it to smithereens on the floor

hizo pedazos or trizas la carta she tore the letter into tiny pieces

la película que la hizo famosa the movie that made her famous

este hombre me hace la vida imposible this man is making my life impossible

quisiera agradecer a quienes han hecho posible este encuentro I should like to thank (all) those who have made this meeting possible

hacer algo DE algo to turn sth INTO sth

hice de mi afición por la cocina una profesión I turned my interest in cooking into a career, I made a career out of my interest in cooking

hacer algo DE algn to make sth OF sb

quiero hacer de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of you

B

(dar apariencia de): ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinner

el pelo corto te hace más joven short hair makes you look younger

C (inducir a, ser la causa de que) hacer algo/a algn + INF to make sth/sb + INF

una de esas canciones que te hacen llorar one of those songs that make you cry

todo hace suponer que fue así everything suggests that o leads one to think that that is what happened

hizo caer al niño he knocked the child over

haga pasar al próximo tell the next person to come in, have the next person come in

eso no hizo sino precipitar el desenlace all that did was to hasten the end

hacer que algo/algn + SUBJ to make sth/sb + INF

¡vas a hacer que pierda la paciencia! you're going to make me lose my temper!

esto hace que sus reacciones sean lentas this makes him slow to react, this makes his reactions slow

D (obligar a) hacer + INF a algn to make sb + INF

me hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hours

se lo haré hacer de nuevo I'll make him do it again

me hizo abrirla or me la hizo abrir he made me open it

me hizo levantar(me) a las cinco she made me get up at five

hacer que algn + SUBJ to make sb + INF

hizo que todos se sentaran he made everybody sit down

E

hacer hacer algo to have o get sth done

hice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortened

le hice hacer un vestido para la boda I had o got a dress made for her for the wedding

F (acostumbrar) hacer a algn A algo to get sb used o accustomed TO sth

pronto la hizo a su manera de trabajar he soon got her used o accustomed to his way of working

G

(suponer, imaginar): te hacía en Buenos Aires I thought you were in Buenos Aires

tiene 42 años — yo la hacía más joven she's 42 — I thought she was younger

¡yo que lo hacía casado y con hijos! I had the idea that he was married with children!

■ hacer

vi

Sentido I

A

1

(obrar, actuar): nadie trató de impedírselo, lo dejaron hacer nobody tried to stop him, they just let him get on with it

tú no te preocupes, déjame hacer a mí don't you worry, just let me take care of it

déjalo hacer a él, que sabe qué es lo que conviene let him handle it, he knows what's best

¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? how do you go about getting the grant?

¿cómo hay que hacer para ponerlo en funcionamiento? what do you have to do to make it work?

no me explico cómo hacen para vivir con ese sueldo I don't know how they manage to live on that salary

hacerle a algo (Chi, Méx fam): Enrique le hace a la electricidad Enrique knows a bit o knows something about electricity

tienen una empleada que le hace a todo they have a maid who does a bit of everything

ya sabes que yo no le hago a esos menesteres you know I don't go in for o do that sort of thing

hacer y deshacer to do as one pleases, do what one likes

¡no le hagas/hagan! ( Méx fam); you can't be serious!, you're joking o kidding! ( colloq)

2 (+ complemento):

hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell me

haces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to lie

mejor haría callándose she'd do better to keep quiet

B

( esp AmL) (con las necesidades fisiológicas): ¡mamá, ya hice! Mommy, I've been o I've finished!

hace dos días que no hace ( euf); he hasn't been for two days ( euph)

hagan antes de salir go to the bathroom o toilet before we leave, you'd better go before we leave ( euph)

hacer de cuerpo or de vientre ( frml); to move one's bowels ( frml), to have a bowel movement ( frml)

C

(fingir, simular): hizo (como) que no me había visto he made out o pretended he hadn't seen me

cuando entre haz (como) que lees when she comes in, make out o pretend you're reading, when she comes in, pretend to be reading

hice (como) que no oía I pretended I couldn't hear, I acted as if I couldn't hear

hacer COMO SI + SUBJ:

haz como si no supieras nada make out o pretend you don't know anything about it, act as if you don't know anything about it

D (intentar, procurar) hacer POR + INF to try to + INF

tienes que hacer por corregir ese genio you must try to o ( colloq) try and do something about that temper (of yours)

tú no haces por entenderla you don't even try to understand her

E (servir) hacer DE algo:

esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning

la escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospital

F (interpretar un personaje) hacer DE algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sb

siempre hace de `malo' he always plays the bad guy

hizo de Hamlet he played (the part of) Hamlet

Sentido II

A (+ compl)

1 (sentar) (+ me/te/le etc):

le va a hacer bien salir un poco it'll do her good to get out a bit

¡me hizo tanto bien su visita …! her visit did me such a lot of good …!

los mejillones me hicieron muy mal ( AmL); the mussels made me really ill

2

( Esp) (quedar): con los cuadros hace mucho más bonito it looks much prettier with the pictures

B (corresponder) hacerle A algo to fit sth

esta tapa no le hace al frasco this lid doesn't fit the jar

esta llave no le hace a la cerradura this isn't the right key for the lock

C

no le hace (no tiene importancia) it doesn't matter; (no sirve de excusa) that's no excuse, don't give me that ( colloq)

¿no le hace que tire la ceniza en este florero? do you mind if I drop the ash in this vase?

D ( en tercera persona) ( frml)

(concernir, tocar): por lo que hace a or en cuanto hace a su solicitud as far as your application is concerned, as regards your application

E

( Esp fam) (apetecer): ¿hace or te hace una cerveza? (do you) feel like a beer?, do you fancy a beer? ( BrE colloq)

te invito a cenar a un chino ¿hace? — hace I'll take you out to a Chinese restaurant, how does that grab you? — great idea! ( colloq)

■

v impers

A

1 [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

(refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico): hace frío/calor/sol/viento it's cold/hot/sunny/windy

hace tres grados bajo cero it's three degrees below (zero)

nos hizo un tiempo espantoso we had terrible weather

ojalá haga buen tiempo or ( esp Esp) bueno I hope the weather's fine o nice, I hope it's nice weather

2 ( familiar humorístico):

hace sed ¿verdad? it's thirsty weather/work, isn't it?

parece que hace hambre you/they seem to be hungry

¿hace sueño, niños? are you getting sleepy, children?

B

(expresando el tiempo transcurrido): hace dos años que murió he died two years ago, he's been dead for two years

¿cuándo llegaste? — hace un ratito when did you get here? — a short while ago

¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?, how long is it since she left?

lo leí hace poco I read it a short time ago

lo había visto hacía exactamente un año I had seen him exactly one year before

¿hace mucho que esperas? have you been waiting long?

hace mucho tiempo que lo conozco or lo conozco desde hace mucho tiempo I've known him for a long time

hace años que no lo veo or no lo veo desde hace años I haven't seen him for years o it's years since I saw him

hacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years, it had been years since I'd seen him

hasta hace poco vivían en Austria they lived in Austria until recently

■ hacerse

v pron

Sentido I

A

(producirse): hágase la luz ( Bib) let there be light

(+ me/te/le etc): se me ha hecho un nudo en el hilo I've got a knot in the thread, the thread has a knot in it

si no lo revuelves se te hacen grumos if you don't stir it, it goes lumpy o forms lumps

se le ha hecho una ampolla she's got o she has a blister

hacérsele a algn ( Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar un campeonato she finally got to win a championship

por fin se le hizo a Mauricio con ella Mauricio finally made it with her ( colloq)

B

1 ( refl)

(hacer para sí): se hace toda la ropa she makes all her (own) clothes

se hicieron una casita they built themselves a little house

2 ( caus)

(hacer que otro haga): se hace la ropa en Roma she has her clothes made in Rome

se hicieron una casita they had a little house built

se hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgery

voy a hacerme las manos I'm going to have a manicure

tienes que hacerte la barba you must get your beard trimmed

C

(causarse): me hice un tajo en el dedo I cut my finger

¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?

¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?

D

(con las necesidades fisiológicas): todavía se hace pis/caca ( fam); she still wets herself/messes her pants

se hace pis en la cama ( fam); he wets the bed

¡me estoy haciendo caca! ( fam); I'm desperate (to go to the bathroom o toilet)! ( colloq)

E ( refl)

(adquirir): se ha hecho un nombre en el mundo de la moda she's made a name for herself in the fashion world

sólo conseguirás hacerte enemigos si sigues así you'll only make enemies if you keep on like that

idea

Sentido II

A

1 (volverse, convertirse en) to become

se quiere hacer monja she wants to become a nun

se hizo famoso he became famous

se están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing old

2 ( impersonal):

en invierno se hace de noche muy pronto in winter it gets dark very early

vamos, se está haciendo tarde come on, it's getting late

(+ me/te/le etc): se nos hizo de noche esperándolo it got dark while we were waiting for him

3 (cocinarse) «pescado/guiso» to cook

dejar que se haga a fuego lento leave to cook over a low heat

4

( AmL) (pasarle a): no sé qué se habrá hecho María I don't know what can have happened to María o ( colloq) where María can have got(ten) to

B

(resultar): se hace muy pesado repetir lo mismo tantas veces it gets very boring having to repeat the same thing over and over again

(+ me/te/le etc): la espera se me hizo interminable the wait seemed interminable

se me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believe

C (dar la impresión de) (+ me/te/le etc):

se me hace que aquí pasa algo raro I get the feeling o impression that something strange is going on around here

se me hace que va a llover I think o I have a feeling it's going to rain

se me hace que esta vez vas a tener suerte something tells me o I have a feeling (that) this time you're going to be lucky

D ( causativo) hacerse + INF:

tienes que hacerte oír/respetar you have to make people listen to you/respect you

el desenlace no se hizo esperar the end was not long in coming

cuando era actriz se hacía llamar Mónica Duarte when she was an actress she went by the name of Monica Duarte o she used the name Monica Duarte

es un chico que se hace querer he's a likable kid o a kid you can't help liking

se hizo construir una mansión he had a mansion built

hazte ver por un médico ( AmL); go and see a doctor

rogar

E (acostumbrarse) hacerse A algo to get used TO sth

no me hago al clima de este país I can't get used to the weather in this country

no consigo hacerme a la idea I can't get used to the idea

hacerse A + INF to get used TO -ING

no se hace a vivir solo he hasn't got used to living alone

F

(fingirse): no te hagas el inocente don't act all innocent

seguro que me vio pero se hizo el loco he must have seen me but he pretended he hadn't

¿éste es bobo o se (lo) hace? ( fam); is this guy stupid or just a good actor? ( colloq)

no te hagas el sordo don't pretend o make out you didn't hear me

se hizo la que no entendía she pretended o she made out she didn't understand

yo me hice ( Méx fam); I pretended not to notice

G

1 (moverse) (+ compl):

hacerse atrás to move back

hacerse a un lado to move to one side, to move aside

hazte para aquí/para allá move over this way/that way

2

( Col) (colocarse): ¿quieres salir en la foto? — sí ¿dónde me hago? do you want to be in the photo? — yes, where shall I stand/sit?

H hacerse con to take

el ejército se hizo con la ciudad the army took the city

se hizo con una fortuna considerable he amassed a considerable fortune

tengo que hacerme con esa información como sea I must get hold of that information somehow

se hicieron con la empresa they took over the company

lograron hacerse con el control de la compañía they managed to gain o get control of the company

no creo que puedan hacerse con la copa I don't think they can win the cup

I hacerse de

( AmL): se hicieron de gran fama they became very famous

tengo que hacerme de dinero I must get o lay my hands on some money

se han hecho de muchos amigos allí they've made a lot of friends there

* * *

Multiple Entries:
hacer
hacer algo
hacer ( conjugate hacer) verbo transitivo
1
a) ( crear) ‹mueble/vestido› to make;

‹casa/carretera› to build;
‹ nido› to build, make;
‹ túnel› to make, dig;
‹dibujo/plano› to do, draw;
‹ lista› to make, draw up;
‹ resumen› to do, make;
‹ película› to make;
‹nudo/lazo› to tie;
‹pan/pastel› to make, bake;
‹vino/café/tortilla› to make;
‹ cerveza› to make, brew;
◊ me hizo un lugar en la mesa he made room for me at the table;

hacen buena pareja they make a lovely couple
b) (producir, causar) ‹ ruido› to make;

◊ los chistes no me hacen gracia I don't find jokes funny;

estos zapatos me hacen daño these shoes hurt my feet
2
a) (efectuar, llevar a cabo) ‹ sacrificio› to make;

‹ milagro› to work, perform;
‹deberes/ejercicios/limpieza› to do;
‹ mandado› to run;
‹transacción/investigación› to carry out;
‹ experimento› to do, perform;
‹ entrevista› to conduct;
‹gira/viaje› to do;
‹ regalo› to give;
‹ favor› to do;
‹ trato› to make;
◊ me hicieron una visita they paid me a visit;

aún queda mucho por hacer there is still a lot (left) to do;
dar que hacer to make a lot of work
b) ‹cheque/factura› to make out, write out

3 (formular, expresar) ‹declaración/promesa/oferta› to make;
‹proyecto/plan› to make, draw up;
‹crítica/comentario› to make, voice;
‹ pregunta› to ask;
◊ nadie hizo ninguna objeción nobody raised any objections

4
a) ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):

◊ hacer caca (fam) to do a poop (AmE) o (BrE) a pooh (colloq);

hacer pis or pipí (fam) to have a pee (colloq);
hacer sus necesidades (euf) to go to the bathroom o toilet (euph)
b) ( refiriéndose a sonidos onomatopéyicos) to go;

◊ las vacas hacen `mu' cows go `moo'

5 ( adquirir) ‹dinero/fortuna› to make;
‹ amigo› to make
6 (preparar, arreglar) ‹ cama› to make;
‹ maleta› to pack;
◊ hice el pescado al horno I did o cooked the fish in the oven;

tengo que hacer la comida I must make lunch;
ver tb comida b
7 ( recorrer) ‹trayecto/distancia› to do, cover
8 (en cálculos, enumeraciones):
◊ son 180 … y 320 hacen 500 that's 180 … and 320 is o makes 500

1
a) ( ocuparse en actividad) to do;

◊ hacer la(s) compra(s) to do the shopping;

¿hacemos algo esta noche? shall we do something tonight?;
hacer ejercicio to do (some) exercise;
¿hace algún deporte? do you play o do any sports?;
See Also→ amor 1b
b) (como profesión, ocupación) to do;

◊ ¿qué hace tu padre? what does your father do?

c) ( estudiar) to do

2 (realizar cierta acción, actuar de cierta manera) to do;
◊ ¡eso no se hace! you shouldn't do that!;

¡qué le vamos a hacer! what can you o (frml) one do?;
toca bien el piano — antes lo hacía mejor she plays the piano well — she used to play better;
hacerla buena (fam): ¡ahora sí que la hice! now I've really done it!;
See Also→ tonto sustantivo masculino, femenino
1 (transformar en, volver) to make;
◊ ella lo hizo posible she made it possible;

hizo pedazos la carta she tore the letter into tiny pieces;
ese vestido te hace más delgada that dress makes you look thinner;
hacer algo de algo to turn sth into sth;
quiero hacer de ti un gran actor I want to make a great actor of you
2
a) (obligar a, ser causa de que)

◊ hacer a algn hacer algo to make sb do sth;

me hizo abrirla he made me open it;
me hizo llorar it made me cry;
hágalo pasar tell him to come in;
me hizo esperar tres horas she kept me waiting for three hours;
hacer que algo/algn haga algo to make sth/sb do sth
b)

◊ hacer hacer algo to have o get sth done/made;

hice acortar las cortinas I had o got the curtains shortened
verbo intransitivo
1 (obrar, actuar):
◊ déjame hacer a mí just let me handle this o take care of this;

¿cómo se hace para que te den la beca? what do you have to do to get the scholarship?;
hiciste bien en decírmelo you did o were right to tell me;
haces mal en mentir it's wrong of you to lie
2 (fingir, simular):
◊ hice como que no oía I pretended not to hear;

haz como si no lo conocieras act as if o pretend you don't know him
3 ( servir):
◊ esta sábana hará de toldo this sheet will do for o as an awning;

la escuela hizo de hospital the school served as o was used as a hospital
4 ( interpretar personaje) hacer de algo/algn to play (the part of) sth/sb
(+ compl) ( sentar):
◊ tanto sol hace mal (AmL) too much sun is not good for you;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ el descanso le hizo bien the rest did him good;

la trucha me hizo mal (AmL) the trout didn't agree with me
hacer v impers
1 ( refiriéndose al tiempo atmosférico):
◊ hace frío/sol it's cold/sunny;

hace tres grados it's three degrees;
(nos) hizo un tiempo espantoso the weather was terrible
2 ( expresando tiempo transcurrido):
◊ hace dos años que murió he's been dead for two years;

hace mucho que lo conozco I've known him for a long time;
hacía años que no lo veía I hadn't seen him for o in years;
¿cuánto hace que se fue? how long ago did she leave?;
hace poco/un año a short time/a year ago;
hasta hace poco until recently
hacerse verbo pronominal
1 ( producirse) (+ me/te/le etc):
◊ se me hizo un nudo en el hilo I got a knot in the thread;

se le hizo una ampolla she got a blister;
hacérsele algo a algn (Méx): por fin se le hizo ganar el premio she finally got to win the award
2
a) ( refl) ( hacer para sí) ‹café/falda› to make oneself;

◊ se hicieron una casita they built themselves a little house

b) ( caus) ( hacer que otro haga):

◊ se hicieron una casita they had a little house built;

se hizo la cirugía estética she had plastic surgery
3 ( causarse):
◊ ¿qué te hiciste en el brazo? what did you do to your arm?;

¿te hiciste daño? did you hurt yourself?
4 ( refiriéndose a necesidades fisiológicas):
◊ todavía se hace pis/caca (fam) she still wets/messes herself

5 ( refl) ( adquirir) to make;
◊ hacerse un nombre to make a name for oneself

1
a) (volverse, convertirse en) to become;

◊ se hicieron amigos they became friends;

se están haciendo viejos they are getting o growing old
b) ( resultar):

◊ se hace muy pesado it gets very boring;

(+ me/te/le etc)
◊ se me hizo interminable it seemed interminable;

se me hace difícil creerlo I find it very hard to believe
c) ( impers):

◊ se hace de noche muy pronto it gets dark very early;

se está haciendo tarde it's getting late
d) ( cocinarse) [pescado/guiso] to cook

e) (AmL) ( pasarle a):

◊ ¿qué se habrá hecho María? what can have happened to María?

2 ( acostumbrarse) hacerse a algo to get used to sth
3 ( fingirse):
◊ no te hagas el inocente don't act the innocent;

¿es bobo o se (lo) hace? (fam) is he stupid or just a good actor? (colloq);
hacerse pasar por algn (por periodista, doctor) to pass oneself off as sb
4 ( moverse) (+ compl) to move;
◊ hacerse a un lado to move to one side

5
◊ hacerse de (AmL) (de fortuna, dinero) to get;

( de amigos) to make
hacer
I verbo transitivo
1 (crear, fabricar, construir) to make
hacer un jersey, to make a sweater
hacer un puente, to build a bridge
2 (una acción) to do: eso no se hace, it isn't done
haz lo que quieras, do what you want
¿qué estás haciendo?, (en este momento) what are you doing?
(para vivir) what do you do (for a living)?
hace atletismo, he does athletics
hacer una carrera/ medicina, to do a degree/ medicine
3 (amigos, dinero) to make
4 (obligar, forzar) to make: hazle entrar en razón, make him see reason
5 (causar, provocar) to make: ese hombre me hace reír, that man makes me laugh
estos zapatos me hacen daño, these shoes are hurting me
no hagas llorar a tu hermana, don't make your sister cry
6 (arreglar) to make
hacer la cama, to make the bed
hacer la casa, to do the housework
7 Mat (sumar, dar como resultado) to make: y con éste hacen cincuenta, and that makes fifty
8 (producir una impresión) to make... look: ese vestido la hace mayor, that dress makes her look older
9 (en sustitución de otro verbo) to do: cuido mi jardín, me gusta hacerlo, I look after my garden, I like doing it
10 (representar) to play: Juan hizo un papel en Fuenteovejuna, Juan played a part in Fuenteovejuna
11 (actuar como) to play: no hagas el tonto, don't play the fool
12 (suponer) te hacía en casa, I thought you were at home
II verbo intransitivo
1 (en el teatro, etc) to play: hizo de Electra, she played Electra
2 ( hacer por + infinitivo) to try to: hice por ayudar, I tried to help
3 (simular) to pretend: hice como si no lo conociera, I acted as if I didn't know him
4 fam (venir bien, convenir) to be suitable: si te hace, nos vamos a verle mañana, if it's all right for you, we'll visit him tomorrow
III verbo impersonal
1 (tiempo transcurrido) ago: hace mucho (tiempo), a long time ago
hace tres semanas que no veo la televisión, I haven't watched TV for three weeks
hace tres años que comenzaron las obras, the building works started three years ago
2 (condición atmosférica) hacía mucho frío, it was very cold
¿To make o to do?
El significado básico del verbo to make es construir, fabricar algo juntando los componentes (aquí hacen unos pasteles maravillosos, they make marvellous cakes here), obligar (hazle callar, make him shut up) o convertir: Te hará más fuerte. It'll make you stronger. También se emplea en expresiones compuestas por palabras tales como dinero ( money), ruido ( a noise), cama ( the bed), esfuerzo ( an effort), promesa ( a promise), c omentario ( a comment), amor ( love), guerra ( war).
El significado del verbo to do es cumplir o ejecutar una tarea o actividad, especialmente tratándose de los deportes y las tareas domésticas: Hago mis deberes por la noche. I do my homework in the evening. ¿Quién hace la plancha en tu casa? Who does the ironing in your house? También se emplea con palabras tales como deber ( duty), deportes ( sports), examen ( an exam), favor ( a favour), sumas ( sums).
' hacer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abrir
- aclarar
- acopio
- acto
- adelantar
- adelantamiento
- advertir
- alarde
- aliviar
- amagar
- amarrar
- amor
- amortizar
- ampliar
- añicos
- aplanar
- aprecio
- aprender
- aspaviento
- atonía
- autostop
- ayuno
- balance
- broma
- burla
- burrada
- cábala
- caballo
- cabronada
- caca
- cafetera
- caja
- calceta
- calentar
- callar
- calle
- calor
- cama
- capacitar
- capaz
- caso
- castigar
- castillo
- chantaje
- colar
- colada
- colecta
- comecome
- comentar
- como
English:
abort
- abstain
- abuse
- accent
- accentuate
- accepted
- accustom
- act
- advance
- advertise
- afraid
- again
- agitate
- agree
- aim at
- aim to
- air
- all-out
- amenable
- antsy
- apart
- appearance
- arm-twisting
- as
- assert
- attempt
- audition
- authorize
- backup
- bake
- balance
- bandy about
- bed
- begin
- blast
- blind
- blueberry
- blur
- boil
- bonk
- boohoo
- book in
- bounce
- bring in
- bubble
- budget
- bulldoze
- bully
- bundle
- burp

* * *

hacer

♦ vt

1. [elaborar, crear, cocinar] to make;

hacer una fiesta to have a party;

hacer un vestido/planes to make a dress/plans;

hacer un poema/una sinfonía to write a poem/symphony;

hacer un nudo to tie a knot;

los cristianos creen que Dios hizo al hombre Christians believe that God created mankind;

haz un poco más la carne cook the meat a bit longer;
Fam
tu hermano ha hecho una de las suyas your brother has been up to his usual tricks;

Comp
Fam
¡buena la has hecho! you've really gone and done it now!

2. [construir] to build;

han hecho un edificio nuevo they've put up a new building

3. [generar] to produce;

el árbol hace sombra the tree gives shade;

la carretera hace una curva there's a bend in the road

4. [movimientos, sonidos, gestos] to make;

le hice señas I signalled to her;

hizo un gesto de aprobación con la cabeza she nodded her approval;

el gato hace “miau” cats go “miaow”;

el reloj hace tic-tac the clock goes tick-tock;

hacer ruido to make a noise

5. [obtener] [fotocopia] to make;
[retrato] to paint; [fotografía] to take
6. [realizar] [trabajo, estudios] to do;
[viaje] to make; [comunión] to take; [sacrificio] to make; [promesa, oferta] to make; [milagro] to perform; [experimento] to do, to perform; [favor] to do; [pregunta] to ask; [declaración] to make; [crucigrama] to do;
hacer una entrevista to do an interview;

hacer una entrevista a alguien to interview sb;

tengo mucho que hacer I have a lot to do;

hoy hace guardia she's on duty today;

estoy haciendo segundo I'm in my second year;

hago ingeniería I'm doing o studying engineering

7. [obrar, realizar una acción] to do;

¿qué habré hecho con las llaves? what have I done with the keys?;
CSur Fam
y mis llaves, ¿qué las hice? and my keys, now what did I do with them?;

¡le he dicho mil veces que eso no se hace! I've told him time and again that it's wrong to do that!;
Fam
haz lo que te dé la gana do whatever you want;

¿qué haces? vas a romper la bicicleta what are you doing o what do you think you're doing?, you're going to break the bicycle!;

¡qué le vamos a hacer! never mind!;

8. [practicar] [en general] to do;
[tenis, fútbol] to play;
debes hacer deporte you should start doing some sport

9. [arreglar] [casa, colada] to do;
[cama] to make; [maleta] to pack; [uñas] to do; [barba] to trim
10. [dar aspecto a] to cause to look o seem;

este espejo te hace gordo this mirror makes you look fat

11. [transformar en]
hacer a alguien feliz to make sb happy;

la guerra no lo hizo un hombre the war didn't make him (into) a man;

hizo pedazos el papel he tore the paper to pieces;

hacer de algo/alguien algo to make sth/sb into sth;

hizo de ella una buena cantante he made a good singer of her

12. [comportarse como]
hacer el tonto to act the fool;

hacer el vándalo to act like a hooligan;

hacer el ridículo to make a fool of oneself

13. [causar]
hacer daño a alguien to hurt sb;

me hizo gracia I thought it was funny;

un poco de aire fresco le hará bien a bit of fresh air will do her good;
Am
esos ñoquis me hicieron mal those gnocchi disagreed with me

14. Cine & Teatro [papel] to play;
[obra] to do, to perform;
hace el papel de la hija del rey she plays (the part of) the king's daughter;

hoy hacen una obra de Brecht today they're putting on o doing one of Brecht's plays

15. [suponer] to think, to reckon;

a estas horas yo te hacía en París I thought o reckoned you'd be in Paris by now;

te hacía más joven I thought you were younger, I'd have said you were younger

16. [ser causa de]
hacer que alguien haga algo to make sb do sth;

me hizo reír it made me laugh;

has hecho que se enfadara you've made him angry;

haces que me avergüence you make me ashamed;

la tormenta hizo que se cancelara el concierto the storm caused the concert to be called off

17. [mandar]
hacer que se haga algo to have sth done;

voy a hacer teñir este vestido I'm going to have this dress dyed;

la hizo callarse he made her shut up

18. [acostumbrar]
la prisión lo hizo a la soledad prison made o got him used to being alone

19. [cumplir]
hizo los cincuenta la semana pasada he was fifty last week, he celebrated his fiftieth birthday last week

20. [completar] to make;

tres y dos hacen cinco three and two make five;

y este huevo hace la docena and this egg makes (it) a dozen;

hago el número seis en la lista I'm number six on the list

21. [conseguir] to make;

hizo una gran fortuna he made a large fortune;

hizo muchas amistades en Australia she made a lot of friends in Australia

22. [recorrer] to do;

¿cuántos kilómetros hiciste ayer? how many kilometres did you do yesterday?;

hago dos kilómetros a pie todos los días I walk two kilometres every day

23. [referido a necesidades fisiológicas] to do;
Euf
tengo que hacer mis necesidades I have to answer a call of nature;
Fam
los niños quieren hacer pipí the children want to have a pee

24. [sustituyendo a otro verbo] to do;

se negó a ir y yo hice lo mismo she refused to go and I did likewise;

ya no puedo leer como solía hacerlo I can't read as well as I used to

♦ vi

1. [intervenir, actuar]
déjame hacer (a mí) let me do it;

Comp

ser el que hace y deshace: en la empresa, él es el que hace y deshace he's the one who calls the shots in the company

2.
hacer de [trabajar] to work as;
[servir] to serve as, to act as; Cine & Teatro [actuar] to play;
hace de electricista he's an electrician, he works as an electrician;

este tronco hará de asiento this tree trunk will do for somewhere to sit;

hace de don Quijote he's playing Don Quixote

3. [aparentar]
hacer como si to act as if;

haz como que no te importa act as if you don't care

4. [procurar, intentar]
hacer por hacer algo to try to do sth;

haré por verle esta noche I'll try to see him tonight

5. [proceder]
haces mal en callarte it's wrong of you not to say anything;

hizo bien dimitiendo she was right to resign;

¿cómo hay que hacer para abrir esta caja? how do you open this box?, what do you have to do to open this box?

6. Esp Fam [apetecer]
¿hace un vaso de vino? would you like o Br do you fancy a glass of wine?

7. Am [necesidades fisiológicas]
¿hiciste? have you done anything?;

preciso un baño, no hice antes de salir I need to find a bathroom, I didn't go before I came out

8. Méx Fam
hacer(la) buena: [ojalá] [m5]dicen que te sacaste la lotería – ¡házmela buena! they say you've won the lottery – if only!;

me ofreció empleo don Paco, voy a ver si me la hace buena Don Paco offered me a job, I'll see if he comes through for me

9. Méx Fam
hacerle a [profesión] to do;

por las mañanas estudia y en la tarde le hace a la peluquería she studies in the morning and in the afternoon she does hairdressing

10. Méx Fam
hacerle a [droga] to do;

ese tipo le hace a la cocaína that guy does coke

11. Méx Fam
hacerle a [aparentar] to pretend to be;

le hace al tonto, pero bien que sabe he pretends to be clueless but he knows perfectly well;

dile que no le haga al cuento tell him to stop Br spinning me a line o US jerking me around

12. Méx Fam
no le hagas [exclamación] come off it!, Br do me a favour!, US give me a break!;

perdí mi libro – ¡no le hagas! I lost my book – pull the other one! o sure you did!

13. Méx, RP
no le hace [no importa] it doesn't matter;

no sé si voy a poder ir – no le hace I don't know if I'll be able to go – it doesn't matter;

¿qué le hace? so what?, big deal!

♦ v impersonal

1. [tiempo meteorológico]
hace frío/sol/viento it's cold/sunny/windy;

hace un día precioso it's a beautiful day;

mañana hará mal tiempo the weather will be bad tomorrow

2. [tiempo transcurrido]
hace diez años ten years ago;

hace mucho a long time ago;

hace poco not long ago;

hace un rato a short while ago;

hace un mes que llegué it's a month since I arrived;

no la veo desde hace un año I haven't seen her for a year;

¿cuánto hace de eso? how long ago was that?

♦ See also the pronominal verb hacerse

* * *

hacer

<part hecho>

I v/t

1 ( realizar) do;

¡haz algo! do something!;

hacer una pregunta ask a question;

tengo que hacer los deberes I have to do my homework; !;

no hace más que quejarse all he does is complain;

no hay nada que hacer there’s nothing we can do;

se hace lo que se puede one does one’s best;

¡eso no se hace! that’s just not done!

2 ( elaborar, crear) make;

hacer la comida make o cook a meal;

hacer que algo ocurra make sth happen

3 ( obligar a)

:

hacer que alguien haga algo make s.o. do sth;

le hicieron ir they made him go

4 ( cumplir)

:

hoy hago veinte años I am twenty today, today is my twentieth birthday

5 ( equivaler a)

:

esta botella hace un litro this bottle holds a liter

6

:

¡qué le vamos a hacer! that’s life

II v/i

1

:

haces bien/mal en ir you are doing the right/wrong thing by going

2 ( sentar)

:

me hace mal it’s making me ill

3 ( servir de)

:

esto hará de mesa de objeto this will do as a table

4 ( fingir)

:

hacer como que o

como si act as if

5 L.Am.

no le hace it doesn’t matter

6 L.Am. ( parecer)

:

se me hace que it seems to me that

7 ( apetecer)

:

¿hace? fam does that sound good?

8

:

hacer de malo TEA play the villain

III v/ impers

:

hace calor/frío it’s hot/cold;

hace tres días three days ago;

hace mucho (tiempo) a long time ago, long ago;

desde hace un año for a year

* * *

hacer {40} vt

1) : to make

2) : to do, to perform

3) : to force, to oblige

los hice esperar: I made them wait

hacer vi

: to act

haces bien: you're doing the right thing

hacer v impers

1) (referring to weather)

hacer frío: to be cold

hace viento: it's windy

2)

hace : ago

hace mucho tiempo: a long time ago, for a long time

3)

no le hace : it doesn't matter, it makes no difference

4)

hacer falta : to be necessary, to be needed

♦ See also the reflexive verb hacerse

* * *

hacer vb

1. (crear, fabricar, conseguir) to make [pt. & pp. made]

Dios hizo al hombre God made man

voy a hacer la comida I'm going to make lunch

¿has hecho la cama? have you made your bed?

no hagas tanto ruido don't make so much noise

hizo mucho dinero he made a lot of money

ocho y tres hacen once eight and three make eleven

la película me hizo llorar the film made me cry

2. (una actividad, trabajo) to do [pt. did; pp. done]

¿qué haces? what are you doing?

¿qué hacen tus padres? what do your parents do?

¿qué has hecho en el cole hoy? what did you do at school today?

nos han mandado hacer un trabajo sobre Lorca we've got to do an essay on Lorca

¿has hecho los deberes? have you done your homework?

está haciendo un curso de informática he's doing a computer course

¿me haces un favor? can you do me a favour?

3. (tiempo meteorológico) to be

hace calor it's hot

hace sol it's sunny

hace buen tiempo the weather is good

4. (dar cierto aspecto) to make... look...

la barba te hace mayor your beard makes you look older

ese pantalón te hace más delgada those trousers make you look slimmer

5. (pensar) to think [pt. & pp. thought]

hacía más joven a tu hermano I thought your brother was younger

6. (aparentar) to pretend

haz como que no lo sabías pretend you didn't know

hace que trabaja he pretends to work

7. (cumplir años) to be

mañana haré 18 años I'll be 18 tomorrow

8. (poner) to show [pt. showed; pp. shown] / to be on

esta noche hacen una película buena there's a good film on tonight

hace (acción acabada) ago (acción que continúa) for

hace una semana a week ago

mi abuelo murió hace cinco años my grandfather died five years ago

hace años que no la veo I haven't seen her for years

vivo aquí desde hace un año I've been living here for a year

¿hace mucho que esperas? have you been waiting long?

hacer bien to be right

haces bien en quejarte you're right to complain

hacer daño to hurt [pt. & pp. hurt]

hacer el tonto to act the fool / to mess about

hacer la maleta to pack

hacer señas to signal [pt. & pp. signalled]

hacer un dibujo to draw a picture [pt. drew; pp. drawn]

hacer un nudo to tie a knot

hacer un papel to play a part

hacer un viaje to go on a trip

hacer una casa to build a house [pt. & pp. built]

hacer una foto to take a photo [pt. took; pp. taken]

hacer una pregunta to ask a question

hacer una redacción to write an essay [pt. wrote; pp. written]

hacer una visita to visit

Spanish-English dictionary > hacer
7 sweep

swi:p
1. past tense, past participle - swept; verb
1) (to clean (a room etc) using a brush or broom: The room has been swept clean.) barrer

2) (to move as though with a brush: She swept the crumbs off the table with her hand; The wave swept him overboard; Don't get swept away by (= become over-enthusiastic about) the idea!; She swept aside my objections.) barrer, limpiar, recoger; arrastrar, llevarse; rechazar, descartar

3) (to move quickly over: The disease/craze is sweeping the country.) azotar, asolar, arrasar

4) (to move swiftly or in a proud manner: High winds sweep across the desert; She swept into my room without knocking on the door.) deslizarse, pasar rápidamente; pasar majestuosamente

2. noun
1) (an act of sweeping, or process of being swept, with a brush etc: She gave the room a sweep.) barrido

2) (a sweeping movement: He indicated the damage with a sweep of his hand.) gesto/movimiento amplio

3) (a person who cleans chimneys.) deshollinador

4) (a sweepstake.) apuesta de caballos

•

- sweeper
- sweeping
- sweeping-brush
- at one/a sweep
- sweep someone off his feet
- sweep off his feet
- sweep out
- sweep the board
- sweep under the carpet
- sweep up

sweep vb

1. barrer

the floor is dirty, I'm going to sweep it el suelo está sucio, voy a barrerlo

2. arrastrar

we were swept along by the crowd la muchedumbre nos arrastró consigo

El pasado y participio pasado de sweep es swept

sweep

tr[swiːp]

noun

1 (with broom) barrido

■ the floor needs a good sweep el suelo necesita un buen barrido

2 (of arm) movimiento amplio, gesto amplio; (with weapon) golpe nombre masculino

3 (curve) curva; (area, stretch) extensión nombre femenino

4 figurative use (range, extent) abanico, alcance nombre masculino

5 (by police, rescuers) peinado, rastreo

6 familiar (chimney cleaner) deshollinador,-ra

7 familiar (sweepstake)→ link=sweepstake sweepstake{

transitive verb (pt & pp swept tr[swept])

1 (room, floor) barrer; (chimney) deshollinar

■ she swept the kitchen floor barrió el suelo de la cocina

2 (with hand) quitar de un manotazo

■ he swept the papers off his desk quitó los papeles de su escritorio de un manotazo

3 (move over) azotar, barrer

■ violent storms swept the north of the country tormentas violentas azotaron el norte del país

4 (remove by force) arrastrar, llevarse

■ the swimmers were swept out to sea by the current la corriente arrastró a los nadadores mar adentro

■ I was swept along by the crowd la multitud me arrastró

5 (pass over) recorrer

■ her eyes swept the horizon sus ojos recorrieron el horizonte

6 figurative use (spread through) recorrer, extenderse por

■ a new fashion is sweeping Spain una nueva moda está haciendo furor en España

■ rumours of a royal visit swept the village rumores de una visita real recorrieron el pueblo

7 (touch lightly) rozar, pasar por

■ her gown swept the floor su vestido largo rozó el suelo

intransitive verb

1 (with broom) barrer

2 (move quickly) pasar rápidamente

■ the limousine swept past la limusina pasó rápidamente

■ she swept into the room entró rápidamente en la habitación

■ the fire swept through the building el fuego se propagó rápidamente por todo el edificio

■ huge waves swept over the rocks olas enormes azotaban las rocas

3 (extend) recorrer, extenderse

■ the road sweeps down to the sea la carretera baja hasta llegar al mar

■ the river sweeps round the bend el río se extiende por toda la curva

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to sweep somebody off his/her feet hacerle perder la cabeza a alguien

to sweep something under the carpet ocultar algo

to make a clean sweep of things barrer con todo, hacer tabla rasa

to sweep the board llevarse todos los premios

sweep ['swi:p] v, swept ['swɛpt] ; sweeping vt

1) : barrer (el suelo, etc.), limpiar (suciedad, etc.)

he swept the books aside: apartó los libros de un manotazo

2) or to sweep through : extenderse por (dícese del fuego, etc.), azotar (dícese de una tormenta)

sweep vi

1) : barrer, limpiar

2) : extenderse (en una curva), describir una curva

the sun swept across the sky: el sol describía una curva en el cielo

sweep n

1) : barrido m, barrida f (con una escoba)

2) : movimiento m circular

3) scope: alcance m

sweep

n.

• barredura s.f.

• deshollinador s.m.

• escobada s.f.

• escobazo s.m.

• recorrido s.m.

• redada s.f.

• turbión s.f.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: swept) = abalear v.

• copar v.

• deshollinar v.

• dragar v.

• escobar v.

• rastrear v.

• rozar v.

swiːp
I

noun

1) ( act) (no pl) barrido m, barrida f

give it a sweep — dale un barrido or una barrida, bárrelo

2)

a) c ( movement)

with a sweep of his arm — con un amplio movimiento del brazo

with a sweep of his scythe — con un golpe de la guadaña

the broad sweeps of his brush strokes — el ancho trazo de sus pinceladas

b) c (curve - of road, river) curva f

c) ( range) (no pl) alcance m, extensión f

3) c ( search) peinado m, rastreo m

4) c ( chimney sweep) deshollinador, -dora m,f

II
1.

(past & pp swept) transitive verb

1)

a) ( clean) \<\<floor/path\>\> barrer; \<\<chimney\>\> deshollinar

b) ( remove) \<\<leaves/dirt\>\> barrer; \<\<mines\>\> barrer

he swept the crumbs off the table — limpió la mesa de migas

she swept the leaves into a pile — barrió la terraza (or el patio etc) y amontonó las hojas

he swept the coins into a box — con la mano reunió las monedas y las deslizó en una caja

to sweep something under the rug o (BrE) carpet — correr un velo sobre algo

2) (touch lightly, brush) \<\<surface\>\> rozar*

3)

a) (pass over, across)

severe storms swept the coast — grandes tormentas azotaron or barrieron la costa

the epidemic is sweeping the country — la epidemia se extiende como un reguero de pólvora por el país

b) ( remove by force) arrastrar

we were being swept out to sea by the tide — la marea nos arrastraba mar adentro

4)

a) ( scan) recorrer

b) ( search) \<\<area\>\> peinar, rastrear

2.

vi

1) (+ adv compl)

a) ( move rapidly)

the car swept by o past — el coche pasó rápidamente

b) ( move proudly)

she swept into the room — entró majestuosamente en la habitación

he swept past as if I wasn't there — pasó por mi lado con la cabeza en alto, como si yo no existiera

2) (+ adv compl)

a) ( spread)

fire swept through the hotel — el fuego se propagó or se extendió por todo el hotel

panic swept through the ranks — cundió el pánico en las filas

b) ( extend)

the path sweeps down to the road — el sendero baja describiendo una curva hasta la carretera

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep up

[swiːp] (vb: pt, pp swept)
1. VT

1) [+ place, area]

a) (=clean) [+ floor, room, street] barrer; [+ chimney] deshollinar

have you had your chimney swept lately? — ¿te han deshollinado la chimenea recientemente?

the floor had been swept clean — el suelo estaba limpio porque lo habían barrido

b) (=touch) rozar

her long dress swept the ground as she walked — su vestido largo rozaba el suelo al caminar

c) (=spread through) [disease, idea, craze] arrasar; [rumours] correr por, extenderse por

the cycling craze sweeping the nation — la locura del ciclismo que está arrasando el país

d) (=lash) [storm, rain, waves] azotar, barrer

torrential storms swept the country — tormentas torrenciales azotaron or barrieron el país

the beach was swept by great waves — olas gigantescas azotaron or barrieron la playa

e) (=scan) [searchlight, eyes] recorrer

he swept the horizon with his binoculars — recorrió el horizonte con sus prismáticos

f) (=search) peinar

to sweep the sea for mines — dragar el mar en busca de minas

2) (=move)

a) (with brush)

• she was sweeping crumbs into a dustpan — estaba recogiendo las migas con una escoba y un recogedor

she swept the snow into a heap — barrió la nieve y la amontonó

• he swept the leaves off the path — barrió las hojas del camino

- sweep sth under the carpet

b) (with hand, arm)

• she swept her hair back with a flick of her wrist — se echó el pelo hacia atrás con un movimiento rápido de muñeca

her hair was swept back in a ponytail — tenía el pelo peinado hacia atrás en una cola de caballo

the curtains were swept back in an elegant fashion — las cortinas estaban recogidas con elegancia

• he swept the stamps into a box — recogió los sellos en una caja

to sweep sb into one's arms — coger or tomar a algn en brazos

• I swept the rainwater off the bench with my hand — quité el agua de la lluvia del banco con la mano

c) (forcefully)

• she was swept along by the crowd, the crowd swept her along — la multitud la arrastró

to be swept along by or on a wave of sth — (fig) dejarse llevar por una ola de algo

• landslides that swept cars into the sea — corrimientos de tierra que arrastraron coches hasta el mar

the election which swept Labour into office or power — las elecciones en la que los laboristas arrasaron haciéndose con el poder

• the water swept him off his feet — la fuerza del agua lo derribó

he swept her off her feet — la conquistó totalmente

they swept him off to lunch — se lo llevaron a comer apresuradamente

• a wave swept him overboard — una ola lo arrastró por encima de la borda

- sweep all before one

3) (=win decisively) [+ election] arrasar en

- sweep the board

the socialists swept the board at the election — los socialistas arrasaron en las elecciones

2. VI

1) (=clean) barrer

2) (=spread)

a) [violence, disease, storm]

• the violence which swept across Punjab — la violencia que arrasó el Punjab

• the storm which swept over the country — la tormenta que arrasó el país

• plague swept through the country — la peste arrasó el país

b) [fire, smoke]

• the fire swept rapidly through the forest — el fuego se propagó or extendió rápidamente por el bosque

thick smoke swept through their home — una densa humareda se propagó or extendió por la casa

c) [emotion]

• a great wave of anger swept over me — me invadió una gran oleada de ira

• panic swept through the city — en la ciudad cundió el pánico

3) (=move)

a) [crowd, procession]

• an angry crowd swept along the main thoroughfare — una multitud airada avanzaba por la calle principal

b) (majestically) [person, car]

• to sweep past/in/out — pasar/entrar/salir majestuosamente

• to sweep into or out of a place — entrar/salir de un sitio majestuosamente

c) (quickly) [vehicle, convoy]

• the convoy swept along the road — la caravana pasó por la carretera a toda velocidad

- sweep into power

4) (=stretch) [land, water]

• the bay sweeps away to the south — la bahía se extiende (majestuosamente) hacia el sur

• the hills/woods sweep down to the sea — las colinas/los bosques bajan (majestuosamente) hacia el mar
sweep up
3. N

1) (with broom, brush) barrido m, barrida f

the floor/the kitchen could do with a sweep — al suelo/a la cocina le hace falta un barrido or una barrida

• to give sth a sweep — darle un barrido or una barrida a algo

2) (Brit) (also: chimney sweep) deshollinador(a) m / f

3) (=movement) [of pendulum] movimiento m ; [of scythe] golpe m ; [of beam] trayectoria f ; (fig) [of events, progress, history] marcha f

• with a sweep of his arm — con un amplio movimiento del brazo

with one sweep of his scythe, he cleared all the nettles — con un golpe de guadaña hizo desaparecer todas las ortigas

with a sweep of her hand she indicated the desk — extendió la mano indicando el pupitre con un gesto amplio

4) (=search) (for criminals, drugs) batida f, rastreo m

to make a sweep: they made a sweep for hidden arms — dieron una batida or hicieron un rastreo buscando armas ocultas

to make a sweep of sth — (with binoculars, torch) hacer una pasada por algo; (with team of people) rastrear algo

the police began making a sweep of the premises — la policía comenzó a rastrear el lugar

his eyes made a sweep of the audience — paseó la mirada por el público

5)

• clean sweep —

a) (=change)

to make a clean sweep — hacer tabla rasa

there will be a clean sweep of all those involved in this cover-up — se hará tabla rasa con todos los que estén involucrados en esta tapadera

b) (in competition, series of competitions)

• to make a clean sweep — arrasar ganándolo todo; (Cards) ganar todas las bazas

• it was the first club to make a clean sweep of all three trophies — fue el primer club que arrasó llevándose or ganando el total de los tres trofeos

6) (=curve, line) [of coastline, river] curva f ; [of land] extensión f ; [of staircase] trazado m ; [of long skirt, curtains] vuelo m ; [of wings] envergadura f

a wide sweep of meadowland — una gran extensión de pradera

7) (=range)

a) (lit) [of telescope, gun, lighthouse, radar] alcance m

with a sweep of 180° — con un alcance de 180°

b) (fig) [of views, ideas] espectro m

representatives from a broad sweep of left-wing opinion — representantes de un amplio espectro de la izquierda

8) (=wave) [of emotion] ola f

9) = sweepstake

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep up

* * *
[swiːp]
I

noun

1) ( act) (no pl) barrido m, barrida f

give it a sweep — dale un barrido or una barrida, bárrelo

2)

a) c ( movement)

with a sweep of his arm — con un amplio movimiento del brazo

with a sweep of his scythe — con un golpe de la guadaña

the broad sweeps of his brush strokes — el ancho trazo de sus pinceladas

b) c (curve - of road, river) curva f

c) ( range) (no pl) alcance m, extensión f

3) c ( search) peinado m, rastreo m

4) c ( chimney sweep) deshollinador, -dora m,f

II
1.

(past & pp swept) transitive verb

1)

a) ( clean) \<\<floor/path\>\> barrer; \<\<chimney\>\> deshollinar

b) ( remove) \<\<leaves/dirt\>\> barrer; \<\<mines\>\> barrer

he swept the crumbs off the table — limpió la mesa de migas

she swept the leaves into a pile — barrió la terraza (or el patio etc) y amontonó las hojas

he swept the coins into a box — con la mano reunió las monedas y las deslizó en una caja

to sweep something under the rug o (BrE) carpet — correr un velo sobre algo

2) (touch lightly, brush) \<\<surface\>\> rozar*

3)

a) (pass over, across)

severe storms swept the coast — grandes tormentas azotaron or barrieron la costa

the epidemic is sweeping the country — la epidemia se extiende como un reguero de pólvora por el país

b) ( remove by force) arrastrar

we were being swept out to sea by the tide — la marea nos arrastraba mar adentro

4)

a) ( scan) recorrer

b) ( search) \<\<area\>\> peinar, rastrear

2.

vi

1) (+ adv compl)

a) ( move rapidly)

the car swept by o past — el coche pasó rápidamente

b) ( move proudly)

she swept into the room — entró majestuosamente en la habitación

he swept past as if I wasn't there — pasó por mi lado con la cabeza en alto, como si yo no existiera

2) (+ adv compl)

a) ( spread)

fire swept through the hotel — el fuego se propagó or se extendió por todo el hotel

panic swept through the ranks — cundió el pánico en las filas

b) ( extend)

the path sweeps down to the road — el sendero baja describiendo una curva hasta la carretera

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep up

English-spanish dictionary > sweep
8 Down

I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also academic.ru/79258/up">up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *
I 1. adverb
1) (towards or in a low or lower position, level or state: He climbed down to the bottom of the ladder.) hinunter

2) (on or to the ground: The little boy fell down and cut his knee.) zum/auf den Boden

3) (from earlier to later times: The recipe has been handed down in our family for years.) weiter

4) (from a greater to a smaller size, amount etc: Prices have been going down steadily.) gefallen

5) (towards or in a place thought of as being lower, especially southward or away from a centre: We went down from Glasgow to Bristol.) hinunter
2. preposition
1) (in a lower position on: Their house is halfway down the hill.) hinunter

2) (to a lower position on, by, through or along: Water poured down the drain.) hinunter

3) (along: The teacher's gaze travelled slowly down the line of children.) entlang
3. verb
(to finish (a drink) very quickly, especially in one gulp: He downed a pint of beer.) hinunterkippen

- downward
- downwards
- downward
- down-and-out
- down-at-heel
- downcast
- downfall
- downgrade
- downhearted
- downhill
- downhill racing
- downhill skiing
- down-in-the-mouth
- down payment
- downpour
- downright 4. adjective
He is a downright nuisance!)

- downstairs
- downstream
- down-to-earth
- downtown
- downtown
- down-trodden
- be/go down with
- down on one's luck
- down tools
- down with
- get down to
- suit someone down to the ground
- suit down to the ground II noun
(small, soft feathers: a quilt filled with down.) Daunen (pl.)

- downie®
- downy
* * *

down¹

[daʊn]

I. ADVERB

1. (movement to a lower position) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter, herab geh

get \down off that table! komm sofort vom Tisch herunter!

the leaflet slipped \down behind the wardrobe die Broschüre ist hinter den Kleiderschrank gerutscht

come further \down [the steps] komm noch etwas weiter [die Treppe] runter fam

“\down!” (to a dog) „Platz!“

▪ to fall \down (drop) hinunterfallen; (fall over) umfallen; (stumble) hinfallen

▪ to let sth \down etw herunterlassen

to lie sth \down etw hinlegen [o ablegen]

to pull sth \down etw nach unten ziehen

to put \down sth etw hinstellen [o abstellen

2. (downwards) nach unten

head \down mit dem Kopf nach unten

to be [or lie] face \down auf dem Bauch [o mit dem Gesicht nach unten] liegen

to point down nach unten zeigen

3. (in a lower position) unten

\down here/there hier/dort unten

\down at/by/in sth unten an/bei/in etw dat

4. inv (in the south) im Süden, unten fam; (towards the south) in den Süden, runter fam

things are much more expensive \down [in the] south unten im Süden ist alles viel teurer

how often do you come \down to Cornwall? wie oft kommen Sie nach Cornwall runter? fam

5. inv (away from the centre) außerhalb

my parents live \down in Worcestershire meine Eltern leben außerhalb [von hier] in Worcestershire

he has a house \down by the harbour er hat ein Haus draußen am Hafen

\down our way hier in unserem Viertel [o unserer Gegend] [o SCHWEIZ Quartier

6. ( fam: badly off) unten

she's certainly come \down in the world! mit ihr ist es ganz schön bergab gegangen! fam

to be \down on one's luck eine Pechsträhne haben

she's been \down on her luck recently in letzter Zeit ist sie vom Pech verfolgt

to hit [or kick] sb when he's \down jdn treten, wenn er schon am Boden liegt fig

7. (have only)

▪ to be \down to sth nur noch etw haben

when the rescue party found her, she was \down to her last bar of chocolate als die Rettungsmannschaft sie fand, hatte sie nur noch einen Riegel Schokolade

8. (ill)

to be \down with sth an etw dat erkrankt sein

she's \down with flu sie liegt mit einer Grippe im Bett

to come [or go] \down with sth an etw dat erkranken, etw kriegen fam

I think I'm going \down with a cold ich glaube, ich kriege eine Erkältung fam

9. SPORT im Rückstand

Milan were three goals \down at half-time zur Halbzeit lag Mailand [um] drei Tore zurück

10. (back in time, to a later time)

Joan of Arc's fame has echoed \down [through] the centuries Jeanne d'Arcs Ruhm hat die Jahrhunderte überdauert

\down to the last century bis ins vorige Jahrhundert [hinein]

to come \down myths überliefert werden

to pass [or hand] sth \down etw weitergeben [o überliefern

11. (at/to a lower amount) niedriger

the pay offer is \down 2% from last year das Lohnangebot liegt 2 % unter dem vom Vorjahr

he quit the poker game when he was only $50 \down er hörte mit dem Pokerspiel auf, als er erst 50 Dollar verloren hatte

to get the price \down den Preis drücken [o herunterhandeln]

to go \down sinken

the number of students has gone \down die Zahl der Studierenden ist gesunken

12. (in/to a less intense degree) herunter

let the fire burn \down lass das Feuer herunterbrennen

settle \down, you two gebt mal ein bisschen Ruhe, ihr zwei

to turn the music/radio \down die Musik/das Radio leiser stellen [o machen]

to water a drink \down ein Getränk verwässern

13. (including) bis einschließlich

the entire administration has come under suspicion, from the mayor \down das gesamte Verwaltungspersonal, angefangen beim Bürgermeister, ist in Verdacht geraten

everyone, from the director \down to the secretaries, was questioned by the police vom Direktor angefangen bis hin zu den Sekretärinnen, wurde jeder von der Polizei verhört

14. (on paper)

to have sth \down in writing [or on paper] etw schriftlich [o fam schwarz auf weiß] haben

to get [or put] sb \down for sth jdn für etw akk vormerken

we've got you \down for five tickets wir haben fünf Karten für Sie vorbestellt

15. (swallowed) hinunter, runter fam

to get sth \down etw [hinunter]schlucken

she couldn't get the pill \down sie brachte die Tablette nicht hinunter fam

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hast

16. (thoroughly) gründlich

he washed the car \down er wusch den Wagen von oben bis unten

17. (already finished) vorbei

two lectures \down, eight to go zwei Vorlesungen haben wir schon besucht, es bleiben also noch acht

18. (as initial payment) als Anzahlung

to pay [or put] £100 \down 100 Pfund anzahlen

19. (attributable)

▪ to be \down to sth auf etw akk zurückzuführen sein

the problem is \down to her inexperience, not any lack of intelligence es liegt an ihrer Unerfahrenheit, nicht an mangelnder Intelligenz

to be [or AM also come] \down to sb jds Sache sein

it's all \down to you now to make it work nun ist es an Ihnen, die Sache in Gang zu bringen

20. (reduce to)

to come \down to sth auf etw akk hinauslaufen

what the problem comes \down to is this:... die entscheidende Frage ist:...

well, if I bring it \down to its simplest level,... also, stark vereinfacht könnte man sagen,...

21. (in crossword puzzles) senkrecht

22.

▶ \down to the ground völlig, ganz und gar, total fam

that suits me \down to the ground das ist genau das Richtige für mich

II. PREPOSITION

1. (in a downward direction) hinunter; (towards the speaker) herunter

my uncle's in hospital after falling \down some stairs mein Onkel ist im Krankenhaus, nachdem er die Treppe heruntergefallen [o hinuntergefallen] ist

up and \down the stairs die Treppe rauf und runter fam

she poured the liquid \down the sink sie schüttete die Flüssigkeit in den Abfluss

2. (downhill) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter [o geh herab]

to come \down the hill den Hügel heruntersteigen [o geh herabsteigen]

to go \down the mountain den Berg hinuntersteigen [o geh hinabsteigen

3. (along) entlang

go \down the street gehen Sie die Straße entlang [o hinunter]

her office is \down the corridor on the right ihr Büro ist weiter den Gang entlang auf der rechten Seite

we drove \down the motorway as far as Bristol wir fuhren auf der Schnellstraße bis Bristol

I ran my finger \down the list of ingredients ich ging mit dem Finger die Zutatenliste durch

her long red hair reached most of the way \down her back ihre langen roten Haare bedeckten fast ihren ganzen Rücken

to sail the boat \down the river mit dem Boot flussabwärts segeln

4. (in a particular place)

\down sb's way in jds Gegend

they speak with a peculiar accent \down his way in seiner Ecke haben die Leute einen besonderen Akzent fam

5. (through time)

\down the ages von Generation zu Generation

\down the centuries die Jahrhunderte hindurch

\down the generations über Generationen hinweg

6. BRIT, AUS ( fam: to)

I went \down the pub with my mates ich ging mit meinen Freunden in die Kneipe

to go \down the shops einkaufen gehen

7. (inside) in + dat

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down you du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe im Magen hast

8.

▶ to go \down the drain [or toilet] [or tube[s]] ( fam)

▶ to go \down the plughole [or BRIT also pan] [or AUS gurgler] ( fam) für die Katz sein sl

we don't want all their hard work to go \down the drain ich möchte nicht, dass ihre harte Arbeit ganz umsonst ist

▶ \down the road [or line] [or track] auf der ganzen Linie fig, voll und ganz

III. ADJECTIVE

<more \down, most \down>

1. attr, inv (moving downward) abwärtsführend, nach unten nach n

the \down escalator die Rolltreppe nach unten

2. pred ( fam: unhappy, sad) niedergeschlagen, down fam

I've been feeling a bit \down this week diese Woche bin ich nicht so gut drauf fam

3. pred, inv ( fam: disapproving of)

▪ to be \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

4. pred, inv (not functioning) außer Betrieb

the computer will be \down for an hour der Computer wird für eine Stunde abgeschaltet

I'm afraid the [telephone] lines are \down ich fürchte, die Telefonleitungen sind tot

5. attr, inv BRIT ( dated: travelling away from the city) stadtauswärts fahrend attr

\down platform Bahnsteig m [o SCHWEIZ Perron m] für stadtauswärts fahrende Züge

6. (sunk to a low level) niedrig

the river is \down der Fluss hat [o geh führt] Niedrigwasser

IV. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (knock down)

▪ to \down sb jdn zu Fall bringen; BOXING jdn niederschlagen [o sl auf die Bretter schicken

2. (shoot down)

▪ to \down sth etw abschießen [o fam runterholen

3. esp BRIT

to \down tools (cease work) mit der Arbeit aufhören; (have a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (during a strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

the printers are threatening to \down tools die Drucker drohen mit Arbeitsniederlegungen

4. AM, AUS SPORT (beat)

▪ to \down sb jdn schlagen [o fam fertigmachen

5.

▪ to \down sth (swallow) etw hinunterschlucken; (eat) etw essen; (eat quickly) etw verschlingen [o hinunterschlingen]; (drink) etw trinken; (drink quickly) etw hinunterkippen [o fam runterschütten] [o SCHWEIZ runterleeren]

he'd \downed four beers er hatte vier Bier gekippt fam

V. NOUN

1. (bad fortune) Tiefpunkt m, schlechte Zeit

ups and \downs Auf und Ab nt

well, we've had our ups and \downs wir haben schon Höhen und Tiefen durchgemacht

2. no pl ( fam: dislike) Groll m

▪ to have a \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

why do you have a \down on him? was hast du gegen ihn?

3. AM FBALL Versuch m

it's second \down es ist der zweite Versuch

VI. INTERJECTION

\down with taxes! weg mit den Steuern!

\down with the dictator! nieder mit dem Diktator!

down²

[daʊn]

I. n no pl

1. (soft feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl

2. (soft hair or fluff) [Bart]flaum m, feine Härchen

II. n modifier Daunen-

\down jacket/quilt Daunenjacke f/-decke f

down³

[daʊn]

n esp BRIT Hügelland nt, [baumloser] Höhenzug

▪ the \downs pl die Downs (an der Südküste Englands)

* * *
I [daʊn]
1. ADVERB
When down is an element in a phrasal verb, eg get down, sit down, stand down, write down, look up the verb.
1) indicating movement towards speaker herunter; (away from speaker) hinunter; (downstairs) nach unten

to jump down — herunter-/hinunterspringen

on his way down from the summit — auf seinem Weg vom Gipfel herab/hinab

on the way down to London — auf dem Weg nach London runter (inf)

all the way down to the bottom — bis ganz nach unten

down! (to dog) — Platz! __diams; down with...! nieder mit...!

2) indicating static position unten

down there — da unten

I'll stay down here —

down in the valley — unten im Tal

it needs a bit of paint down at the bottom — es muss unten herum neu gestrichen werden

don't kick a man when he's down (fig) — man soll jemanden nicht fertigmachen, wenn er schon angeschlagen ist or wenns ihm dreckig geht (inf)

head down — mit dem Kopf nach unten

the sun was down —

the blinds were down — die Jalousien waren unten or heruntergelassen

I'll be down in a minute —

to be down for the count (Boxing) — ausgezählt werden

I've been down with flu — ich habe mit Grippe (im Bett) gelegen

3)

= to or in another place usu not translated he came down from London yesterday — er kam gestern aus London

he's down in London/at his brother's — er ist in London/bei seinem Bruder

he lives down South — er wohnt im Süden

we're going down South — wir fahren in den Süden

we're going down to the seaside/to Dover — wir fahren an die See/nach Dover

4)

= below previous level his temperature is down —

his shoes were worn down the price of meat is down on last week — seine Schuhe waren abgetragen der Fleischpreis ist gegenüber der letzten Woche gefallen

interest rates are down to/by 3% — der Zinssatz ist auf/um 3% gefallen

I'm £20 down on what I expected — ich habe £ 20 weniger als ich dachte

he's down to his last £10 — er hat nur noch £ 10

they're still three goals down — sie liegen immer noch mit drei Toren zurück

See:

→ luck

5)

in writing I've got it down in my diary — ich habe es in meinem Kalender notiert

let's get it down on paper — schreiben wir es auf, halten wir es schriftlich fest

when you see it down on paper — wenn man es schwarz auf weiß sieht

to be down for the next race — für das nächste Rennen gemeldet sein

it's down for next month — es steht für nächsten Monat auf dem Programm

6)

indicating range or succession usu not translated from the biggest down — vom Größten angefangen

down through the ages — von jeher

from 1700 down to the present —

right down to the present day — bis zum heutigen Tag

from the chairman (all the way) down to the doorman — vom Vorsitzenden bis (herunter) zum Pförtner

7) indicating responsibility __diams; to be down to sb/sth (= caused by) an jdm/etw liegen

any mistakes are down to us — irgendwelche Fehler liegen an uns

8)

as deposit to pay £20 down — £ 20 anzahlen

I've put down a deposit on a new bike —

how much do they want down? — was verlangen sie als Anzahlung?

2. PREPOSITION

1)

indicating movement downwards to go/come down the hill/the stairs etc — den Berg/die Treppe etc hinuntergehen/herunterkommen

he ran his finger down the list — er ging (mit dem Finger) die Liste durch

her hair fell loose down her back — sie trug ihr Haar offen über die Schultern

2)

at a lower part of he's already halfway down the hill — er ist schon auf halbem Wege nach unten

the other skiers were further down the slope — die anderen Skifahrer waren weiter unten

she lives just down the street — sie wohnt ein Stückchen weiter die Straße entlang

3)

= along he was walking/coming down the street — er ging/kam die Straße entlang

if you look down this road, you can see... — wenn Sie diese Straße hinunterblicken, können Sie... sehen

4)

= throughout down the centuries — durch die Jahrhunderte (hindurch)

5)

= to, in, at Brit inf he's gone down the pub — er ist in die Kneipe gegangen

she's down the shops — sie ist einkaufen gegangen

he works down the garage — er arbeitet in der Autowerkstatt

3. NOUN
(= dislike) __diams; to have a down on sb (inf) jdn auf dem Kieker haben (inf) → up
See:

→ up

4. ADJECTIVE (inf)

1)

= depressed he was (feeling) a bit down — er fühlte sich ein wenig down (inf) or niedergeschlagen

2)

= not working to be down — außer Betrieb sein; (Comput) abgestürzt sein

5. TRANSITIVE VERB
opponent niederschlagen, zu Fall bringen; enemy planes abschießen, (he)runterholen (inf); (FTBL ETC, inf) player legen (inf); beer etc runterkippen or -schütten (inf)
to down tools — die Arbeit niederlegen
II
n
(= feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl; (= fine hair) Flaum m III
n usu pl (GEOG)
Hügelland nt no pl
on the down(s) — im Hügelland

* * *

Down [daʊn] s Down n (Grafschaft in Nordirland)

* * *
I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *

(fluff) n.

Flaum nur sing. m. (feathers) n.

Daune -n f. adj.

abwärts adj.

herab adj.

herunter adj.

hinab adj.

hinunter adj.

nieder adj.

rückwärts adj.

unten adj.

zusammengebrochen (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

English-german dictionary > Down
9 down

I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also academic.ru/79258/up">up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *
I 1. adverb
1) (towards or in a low or lower position, level or state: He climbed down to the bottom of the ladder.) hinunter

2) (on or to the ground: The little boy fell down and cut his knee.) zum/auf den Boden

3) (from earlier to later times: The recipe has been handed down in our family for years.) weiter

4) (from a greater to a smaller size, amount etc: Prices have been going down steadily.) gefallen

5) (towards or in a place thought of as being lower, especially southward or away from a centre: We went down from Glasgow to Bristol.) hinunter
2. preposition
1) (in a lower position on: Their house is halfway down the hill.) hinunter

2) (to a lower position on, by, through or along: Water poured down the drain.) hinunter

3) (along: The teacher's gaze travelled slowly down the line of children.) entlang
3. verb
(to finish (a drink) very quickly, especially in one gulp: He downed a pint of beer.) hinunterkippen

- downward
- downwards
- downward
- down-and-out
- down-at-heel
- downcast
- downfall
- downgrade
- downhearted
- downhill
- downhill racing
- downhill skiing
- down-in-the-mouth
- down payment
- downpour
- downright 4. adjective
He is a downright nuisance!)

- downstairs
- downstream
- down-to-earth
- downtown
- downtown
- down-trodden
- be/go down with
- down on one's luck
- down tools
- down with
- get down to
- suit someone down to the ground
- suit down to the ground II noun
(small, soft feathers: a quilt filled with down.) Daunen (pl.)

- downie®
- downy
* * *

down¹

[daʊn]

I. ADVERB

1. (movement to a lower position) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter, herab geh

get \down off that table! komm sofort vom Tisch herunter!

the leaflet slipped \down behind the wardrobe die Broschüre ist hinter den Kleiderschrank gerutscht

come further \down [the steps] komm noch etwas weiter [die Treppe] runter fam

“\down!” (to a dog) „Platz!“

▪ to fall \down (drop) hinunterfallen; (fall over) umfallen; (stumble) hinfallen

▪ to let sth \down etw herunterlassen

to lie sth \down etw hinlegen [o ablegen]

to pull sth \down etw nach unten ziehen

to put \down sth etw hinstellen [o abstellen

2. (downwards) nach unten

head \down mit dem Kopf nach unten

to be [or lie] face \down auf dem Bauch [o mit dem Gesicht nach unten] liegen

to point down nach unten zeigen

3. (in a lower position) unten

\down here/there hier/dort unten

\down at/by/in sth unten an/bei/in etw dat

4. inv (in the south) im Süden, unten fam; (towards the south) in den Süden, runter fam

things are much more expensive \down [in the] south unten im Süden ist alles viel teurer

how often do you come \down to Cornwall? wie oft kommen Sie nach Cornwall runter? fam

5. inv (away from the centre) außerhalb

my parents live \down in Worcestershire meine Eltern leben außerhalb [von hier] in Worcestershire

he has a house \down by the harbour er hat ein Haus draußen am Hafen

\down our way hier in unserem Viertel [o unserer Gegend] [o SCHWEIZ Quartier

6. ( fam: badly off) unten

she's certainly come \down in the world! mit ihr ist es ganz schön bergab gegangen! fam

to be \down on one's luck eine Pechsträhne haben

she's been \down on her luck recently in letzter Zeit ist sie vom Pech verfolgt

to hit [or kick] sb when he's \down jdn treten, wenn er schon am Boden liegt fig

7. (have only)

▪ to be \down to sth nur noch etw haben

when the rescue party found her, she was \down to her last bar of chocolate als die Rettungsmannschaft sie fand, hatte sie nur noch einen Riegel Schokolade

8. (ill)

to be \down with sth an etw dat erkrankt sein

she's \down with flu sie liegt mit einer Grippe im Bett

to come [or go] \down with sth an etw dat erkranken, etw kriegen fam

I think I'm going \down with a cold ich glaube, ich kriege eine Erkältung fam

9. SPORT im Rückstand

Milan were three goals \down at half-time zur Halbzeit lag Mailand [um] drei Tore zurück

10. (back in time, to a later time)

Joan of Arc's fame has echoed \down [through] the centuries Jeanne d'Arcs Ruhm hat die Jahrhunderte überdauert

\down to the last century bis ins vorige Jahrhundert [hinein]

to come \down myths überliefert werden

to pass [or hand] sth \down etw weitergeben [o überliefern

11. (at/to a lower amount) niedriger

the pay offer is \down 2% from last year das Lohnangebot liegt 2 % unter dem vom Vorjahr

he quit the poker game when he was only $50 \down er hörte mit dem Pokerspiel auf, als er erst 50 Dollar verloren hatte

to get the price \down den Preis drücken [o herunterhandeln]

to go \down sinken

the number of students has gone \down die Zahl der Studierenden ist gesunken

12. (in/to a less intense degree) herunter

let the fire burn \down lass das Feuer herunterbrennen

settle \down, you two gebt mal ein bisschen Ruhe, ihr zwei

to turn the music/radio \down die Musik/das Radio leiser stellen [o machen]

to water a drink \down ein Getränk verwässern

13. (including) bis einschließlich

the entire administration has come under suspicion, from the mayor \down das gesamte Verwaltungspersonal, angefangen beim Bürgermeister, ist in Verdacht geraten

everyone, from the director \down to the secretaries, was questioned by the police vom Direktor angefangen bis hin zu den Sekretärinnen, wurde jeder von der Polizei verhört

14. (on paper)

to have sth \down in writing [or on paper] etw schriftlich [o fam schwarz auf weiß] haben

to get [or put] sb \down for sth jdn für etw akk vormerken

we've got you \down for five tickets wir haben fünf Karten für Sie vorbestellt

15. (swallowed) hinunter, runter fam

to get sth \down etw [hinunter]schlucken

she couldn't get the pill \down sie brachte die Tablette nicht hinunter fam

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe gegessen hast

16. (thoroughly) gründlich

he washed the car \down er wusch den Wagen von oben bis unten

17. (already finished) vorbei

two lectures \down, eight to go zwei Vorlesungen haben wir schon besucht, es bleiben also noch acht

18. (as initial payment) als Anzahlung

to pay [or put] £100 \down 100 Pfund anzahlen

19. (attributable)

▪ to be \down to sth auf etw akk zurückzuführen sein

the problem is \down to her inexperience, not any lack of intelligence es liegt an ihrer Unerfahrenheit, nicht an mangelnder Intelligenz

to be [or AM also come] \down to sb jds Sache sein

it's all \down to you now to make it work nun ist es an Ihnen, die Sache in Gang zu bringen

20. (reduce to)

to come \down to sth auf etw akk hinauslaufen

what the problem comes \down to is this:... die entscheidende Frage ist:...

well, if I bring it \down to its simplest level,... also, stark vereinfacht könnte man sagen,...

21. (in crossword puzzles) senkrecht

22.

▶ \down to the ground völlig, ganz und gar, total fam

that suits me \down to the ground das ist genau das Richtige für mich

II. PREPOSITION

1. (in a downward direction) hinunter; (towards the speaker) herunter

my uncle's in hospital after falling \down some stairs mein Onkel ist im Krankenhaus, nachdem er die Treppe heruntergefallen [o hinuntergefallen] ist

up and \down the stairs die Treppe rauf und runter fam

she poured the liquid \down the sink sie schüttete die Flüssigkeit in den Abfluss

2. (downhill) hinunter, hinab geh; (towards the speaker) herunter [o geh herab]

to come \down the hill den Hügel heruntersteigen [o geh herabsteigen]

to go \down the mountain den Berg hinuntersteigen [o geh hinabsteigen

3. (along) entlang

go \down the street gehen Sie die Straße entlang [o hinunter]

her office is \down the corridor on the right ihr Büro ist weiter den Gang entlang auf der rechten Seite

we drove \down the motorway as far as Bristol wir fuhren auf der Schnellstraße bis Bristol

I ran my finger \down the list of ingredients ich ging mit dem Finger die Zutatenliste durch

her long red hair reached most of the way \down her back ihre langen roten Haare bedeckten fast ihren ganzen Rücken

to sail the boat \down the river mit dem Boot flussabwärts segeln

4. (in a particular place)

\down sb's way in jds Gegend

they speak with a peculiar accent \down his way in seiner Ecke haben die Leute einen besonderen Akzent fam

5. (through time)

\down the ages von Generation zu Generation

\down the centuries die Jahrhunderte hindurch

\down the generations über Generationen hinweg

6. BRIT, AUS ( fam: to)

I went \down the pub with my mates ich ging mit meinen Freunden in die Kneipe

to go \down the shops einkaufen gehen

7. (inside) in + dat

you'll feel better once you've got some hot soup \down you du wirst dich besser fühlen, sobald du ein bisschen heiße Suppe im Magen hast

8.

▶ to go \down the drain [or toilet] [or tube[s]] ( fam)

▶ to go \down the plughole [or BRIT also pan] [or AUS gurgler] ( fam) für die Katz sein sl

we don't want all their hard work to go \down the drain ich möchte nicht, dass ihre harte Arbeit ganz umsonst ist

▶ \down the road [or line] [or track] auf der ganzen Linie fig, voll und ganz

III. ADJECTIVE

<more \down, most \down>

1. attr, inv (moving downward) abwärtsführend, nach unten nach n

the \down escalator die Rolltreppe nach unten

2. pred ( fam: unhappy, sad) niedergeschlagen, down fam

I've been feeling a bit \down this week diese Woche bin ich nicht so gut drauf fam

3. pred, inv ( fam: disapproving of)

▪ to be \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

4. pred, inv (not functioning) außer Betrieb

the computer will be \down for an hour der Computer wird für eine Stunde abgeschaltet

I'm afraid the [telephone] lines are \down ich fürchte, die Telefonleitungen sind tot

5. attr, inv BRIT ( dated: travelling away from the city) stadtauswärts fahrend attr

\down platform Bahnsteig m [o SCHWEIZ Perron m] für stadtauswärts fahrende Züge

6. (sunk to a low level) niedrig

the river is \down der Fluss hat [o geh führt] Niedrigwasser

IV. TRANSITIVE VERB

1. (knock down)

▪ to \down sb jdn zu Fall bringen; BOXING jdn niederschlagen [o sl auf die Bretter schicken

2. (shoot down)

▪ to \down sth etw abschießen [o fam runterholen

3. esp BRIT

to \down tools (cease work) mit der Arbeit aufhören; (have a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (during a strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

the printers are threatening to \down tools die Drucker drohen mit Arbeitsniederlegungen

4. AM, AUS SPORT (beat)

▪ to \down sb jdn schlagen [o fam fertigmachen

5.

▪ to \down sth (swallow) etw hinunterschlucken; (eat) etw essen; (eat quickly) etw verschlingen [o hinunterschlingen]; (drink) etw trinken; (drink quickly) etw hinunterkippen [o fam runterschütten] [o SCHWEIZ runterleeren]

he'd \downed four beers er hatte vier Bier gekippt fam

V. NOUN

1. (bad fortune) Tiefpunkt m, schlechte Zeit

ups and \downs Auf und Ab nt

well, we've had our ups and \downs wir haben schon Höhen und Tiefen durchgemacht

2. no pl ( fam: dislike) Groll m

▪ to have a \down on sb jdn auf dem Kieker [o ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ im Visier] haben fam

why do you have a \down on him? was hast du gegen ihn?

3. AM FBALL Versuch m

it's second \down es ist der zweite Versuch

VI. INTERJECTION

\down with taxes! weg mit den Steuern!

\down with the dictator! nieder mit dem Diktator!

down²

[daʊn]

I. n no pl

1. (soft feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl

2. (soft hair or fluff) [Bart]flaum m, feine Härchen

II. n modifier Daunen-

\down jacket/quilt Daunenjacke f/-decke f

down³

[daʊn]

n esp BRIT Hügelland nt, [baumloser] Höhenzug

▪ the \downs pl die Downs (an der Südküste Englands)

* * *
I [daʊn]
1. ADVERB
When down is an element in a phrasal verb, eg get down, sit down, stand down, write down, look up the verb.
1) indicating movement towards speaker herunter; (away from speaker) hinunter; (downstairs) nach unten

to jump down — herunter-/hinunterspringen

on his way down from the summit — auf seinem Weg vom Gipfel herab/hinab

on the way down to London — auf dem Weg nach London runter (inf)

all the way down to the bottom — bis ganz nach unten

down! (to dog) — Platz! __diams; down with...! nieder mit...!

2) indicating static position unten

down there — da unten

I'll stay down here —

down in the valley — unten im Tal

it needs a bit of paint down at the bottom — es muss unten herum neu gestrichen werden

don't kick a man when he's down (fig) — man soll jemanden nicht fertigmachen, wenn er schon angeschlagen ist or wenns ihm dreckig geht (inf)

head down — mit dem Kopf nach unten

the sun was down —

the blinds were down — die Jalousien waren unten or heruntergelassen

I'll be down in a minute —

to be down for the count (Boxing) — ausgezählt werden

I've been down with flu — ich habe mit Grippe (im Bett) gelegen

3)

= to or in another place usu not translated he came down from London yesterday — er kam gestern aus London

he's down in London/at his brother's — er ist in London/bei seinem Bruder

he lives down South — er wohnt im Süden

we're going down South — wir fahren in den Süden

we're going down to the seaside/to Dover — wir fahren an die See/nach Dover

4)

= below previous level his temperature is down —

his shoes were worn down the price of meat is down on last week — seine Schuhe waren abgetragen der Fleischpreis ist gegenüber der letzten Woche gefallen

interest rates are down to/by 3% — der Zinssatz ist auf/um 3% gefallen

I'm £20 down on what I expected — ich habe £ 20 weniger als ich dachte

he's down to his last £10 — er hat nur noch £ 10

they're still three goals down — sie liegen immer noch mit drei Toren zurück

See:

→ luck

5)

in writing I've got it down in my diary — ich habe es in meinem Kalender notiert

let's get it down on paper — schreiben wir es auf, halten wir es schriftlich fest

when you see it down on paper — wenn man es schwarz auf weiß sieht

to be down for the next race — für das nächste Rennen gemeldet sein

it's down for next month — es steht für nächsten Monat auf dem Programm

6)

indicating range or succession usu not translated from the biggest down — vom Größten angefangen

down through the ages — von jeher

from 1700 down to the present —

right down to the present day — bis zum heutigen Tag

from the chairman (all the way) down to the doorman — vom Vorsitzenden bis (herunter) zum Pförtner

7) indicating responsibility __diams; to be down to sb/sth (= caused by) an jdm/etw liegen

any mistakes are down to us — irgendwelche Fehler liegen an uns

8)

as deposit to pay £20 down — £ 20 anzahlen

I've put down a deposit on a new bike —

how much do they want down? — was verlangen sie als Anzahlung?

2. PREPOSITION

1)

indicating movement downwards to go/come down the hill/the stairs etc — den Berg/die Treppe etc hinuntergehen/herunterkommen

he ran his finger down the list — er ging (mit dem Finger) die Liste durch

her hair fell loose down her back — sie trug ihr Haar offen über die Schultern

2)

at a lower part of he's already halfway down the hill — er ist schon auf halbem Wege nach unten

the other skiers were further down the slope — die anderen Skifahrer waren weiter unten

she lives just down the street — sie wohnt ein Stückchen weiter die Straße entlang

3)

= along he was walking/coming down the street — er ging/kam die Straße entlang

if you look down this road, you can see... — wenn Sie diese Straße hinunterblicken, können Sie... sehen

4)

= throughout down the centuries — durch die Jahrhunderte (hindurch)

5)

= to, in, at Brit inf he's gone down the pub — er ist in die Kneipe gegangen

she's down the shops — sie ist einkaufen gegangen

he works down the garage — er arbeitet in der Autowerkstatt

3. NOUN
(= dislike) __diams; to have a down on sb (inf) jdn auf dem Kieker haben (inf) → up
See:

→ up

4. ADJECTIVE (inf)

1)

= depressed he was (feeling) a bit down — er fühlte sich ein wenig down (inf) or niedergeschlagen

2)

= not working to be down — außer Betrieb sein; (Comput) abgestürzt sein

5. TRANSITIVE VERB
opponent niederschlagen, zu Fall bringen; enemy planes abschießen, (he)runterholen (inf); (FTBL ETC, inf) player legen (inf); beer etc runterkippen or -schütten (inf)
to down tools — die Arbeit niederlegen
II
n
(= feathers) Daunen pl, Flaumfedern pl; (= fine hair) Flaum m III
n usu pl (GEOG)
Hügelland nt no pl
on the down(s) — im Hügelland

* * *

down¹ [daʊn]

A adv

1. nach unten, herunter, hinunter, herab, hinab, ab-, niederwärts, zum Boden, zum Grund, (in Kreuzworträtseln) senkrecht:

three down;

down from fort von, von … herab;

paralysed from the waist down von der Hüfte abwärts gelähmt;

down to bis hinunter oder hinab zu;

down to our times bis in unsere Zeit;

down to the last detail bis ins letzte Detail;

down to the last man bis zum letzten Mann;

from … down to von … bis hinunter zu;

down to the ground umg vollständig, absolut, ganz und gar;

suit sb down to the ground umg genau das Richtige für jemanden sein;

be down on sb umg

a) über jemanden herfallen,

b) jemanden auf dem Kieker haben umg

2. nieder…: → burn down, etc

3. (in) bar, sofort:

ten dollars down 10 Dollar (in) bar; → pay down

4. zu Papier, nieder…: → take down 8, etc

5. vorgemerkt, angesetzt:

the bill is down for the third reading today heute steht die dritte Lesung der Gesetzesvorlage auf der Tagesordnung;

be down for Friday für Freitag angesetzt sein

6. von einer großen Stadt ( in England: von London) weg:

go down to the country aufs Land fahren; → go down 12

7. besonders US

a) zu einer großen Stadt hin

b) zur Endstation hin

c) ins Geschäftsviertel

8. (nach Süden) hinunter

9. a) mit dem Strom, flussabwärts

b) mit dem Wind

10. Br von der Universität: → go down 10, send down 2

11. nieder!:

down with the capitalists! nieder mit den Kapitalisten!;

down on your knees! auf die Knie (mit dir)!

12. (dr)unten:

down there dort unten;

down under umg in oder nach Australien oder Neuseeland

13. unten (im Hause), aufgestanden:

he is not down yet er ist noch oben oder im Schlafzimmer

14. untergegangen (Sonne)

15. a) heruntergegangen, gefallen (Preise)

b) billiger (Waren)

16. gefallen (Thermometer etc):

be down by 10 degrees um 10 Grad gefallen sein

17. Br

a) nicht in London

b) nicht an der Universität

18. a) nieder-, hingestreckt, am Boden (liegend)

b) Boxen: am Boden, unten umg:

down and out k. o., fig (auch physisch od psychisch) erledigt umg, ruiniert

c) erschöpft, kaputt, fix und fertig (beide umg)

d) deprimiert, niedergeschlagen, down umg: → mouth A 1

e) heruntergekommen, in elenden Verhältnissen (lebend): → come down 4, heel¹ Bes Redew

f) außer Betrieb (Computer)

19. bettlägerig:

be down with influenza mit Grippe im Bett liegen

20. SPORT (um Punkte etc) zurück:

he was two points down er war oder lag 2 Punkte zurück;

they are 1-4 down sie liegen mit 1:4 im Rückstand (to gegen)

B adj

1. nach unten oder abwärtsgerichtet, Abwärts…:

a down jump ein Sprung nach unten

2. unten befindlich

3. deprimiert, niedergeschlagen

4. Br von London abfahrend oder kommend (Zug):

down platform Abfahrtsbahnsteig m (in London)

5. besonders US

a) in Richtung nach einer großen Stadt

b) zum Geschäftsviertel (hin), in die Stadtmitte

6. Bar…: → down payment

7. besonders US sl deprimierend

C präp

1. herunter, hinunter, herab, hinab, entlang:

down the hill den Hügel hinunter;

down the river den Fluss hinunter, flussab(wärts);

down the middle durch die Mitte;

down the street die Straße entlang oder hinunter

2. (in derselben Richtung) mit:

down the wind mit dem Wind

3. a) hinunter in (akk)

b) hinein in (akk)

4. unten an (dat):

further down the Rhine weiter unten am Rhein

5. zeitlich: durch … (hindurch): → age A 4

D s

1. fig

a) Abstieg m

b) Nieder-, Rückgang m

2. Tiefpunkt m, -stand m

3. Depression f, (seelischer) Tiefpunkt

4. umg Groll m:

have a down on sb jemanden auf dem Kieker haben

5. → downer 1

E v/t

1. zu Fall bringen ( auch SPORT und fig)

2. niederschlagen

3. niederlegen:

down tools die Arbeit niederlegen, in den Streik treten

4. ein Flugzeug abschießen, runterholen umg

5. einen Reiter abwerfen

6. umg ein Getränk runterkippen

F v/i

1. umg

a) hinunterrutschen (Speise)

b) (gut) schmecken

2. besonders US sl Beruhigungsmittel nehmen

down² [daʊn] s

1. ORN

a) Daunen pl, flaumiges Gefieder:

dead down Raufdaunen;

live down Nestdaunen;

down quilt Daunendecke f

b) Daune f, Flaumfeder f:

in the down noch nicht flügge

2. ( auch Bart)Flaum m, feine Härchen pl

3. BOT

a) feiner Flaum

b) haarige Samenkrone, Pappus m

4. weiche, flaumige Masse

down³ [daʊn] s

1. obs

a) Hügel m

b) Sandhügel m, besonders Düne f

2. pl waldloses, besonders grasbedecktes Hügelland:

the Downs

a) Hügelland entlang der Süd- und Südostküste Englands,

b) Reede an der Südostküste Englands, vor der Stadt Deal

* * *
I noun
(Geog.) [baumloser] Höhenzug; in pl. Downs Pl. (an der Süd- und Südostküste Englands)
II noun
1) (of bird) Daunen Pl.; Flaum, der

2) (hair) Flaum, der
III 1. adverb
1) (to lower place, to downstairs, southwards) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich); (in lift) abwärts; (in crossword puzzle) senkrecht

[right] down to something — [ganz] bis zu etwas her-/hinunter

go down to the shops/the end of the road — zu den Läden/zum Ende der Straße hinuntergehen

2) (Brit.): (from capital) raus (bes. ugs.); heraus/hinaus (bes. schriftsprachlich)

get down to Reading from London — von London nach Reading raus-/hinausfahren

come down from Edinburgh to London — von Edinburgh nach London [he]runterkommen

3) (of money): (at once) sofort

pay for something cash down — etwas [in] bar bezahlen

4) (into prostration) nieder[fallen, -geschlagen werden]

shout the place/house down — (fig.) schreien, dass die Wände zittern

5) (on to paper)

copy something down from the board — etwas von der Tafel abschreiben

6) (on programme)

put a meeting down for 2 p.m. — ein Treffen für od. auf 14 Uhr ansetzen

7) as int. runter! (bes. ugs.); (to dog) leg dich!; nieder!; (Mil.) hinlegen!

down with imperialism/the president! — nieder mit dem Imperialismus/dem Präsidenten!

8) (in lower place, downstairs, in fallen position, in south) unten

down on the floor — auf dem Fußboden

low/lower down — tief/tiefer unten

down under the table — unter dem Tisch

wear one's hair down — sein Haar offen tragen

down there/here — da/hier unten

X metres down — X Meter tief

his flat is on the next floor down — seine Wohnung ist ein Stockwerk tiefer

down in Wales/in the country — weit weg in Wales/draußen auf dem Lande

down south — unten im Süden (ugs.)

down south/east — (Amer.) in den Südstaaten/im Osten

down [on the floor] — (Boxing) am Boden; auf den Brettern

down and out — (Boxing) k. o.; (fig.) fertig (ugs.)

9) (prostrate) auf dem Fußboden/der Erde

be down with an illness — eine Krankheit haben

10) (on paper)

be down in writing/on paper/in print — niedergeschrieben/zu Papier gebracht/gedruckt sein

11) (on programme) angesetzt [Termin, Treffen]

12) (facing downwards, bowed) zu Boden

keep one's eyes down — zu Boden sehen

be down — (brought to the ground) am Boden liegen

13) (in depression)

down [in the mouth] — niedergeschlagen

14) (now cheaper) [jetzt] billiger

15)

be down to... — (have only... left) nichts mehr haben außer...

we're down to our last £100 — wir haben nur noch 100 Pfund

now it's down to him to do something — nun liegt es bei od. an ihm, etwas zu tun

16) (to reduced consistency or size)

thin gravy down — Soße verdünnen

the water had boiled right down — das Wasser war fast verdampft

wear the soles down — die Sohlen ablaufen

17) (including lower limit)

from... down to... — von... bis zu... hinunter

18) (in position of lagging or loss) weniger

be three points/games down — mit drei Punkten/Spielen zurückliegen

be down on one's earnings of the previous year — weniger verdienen als im Vorjahr

be down on one's luck — eine Pechsträhne haben. See also up 1.
2. preposition
1) (downwards along, from top to bottom of) runter (bes. ugs.); herunter/hinunter (bes. schriftsprachlich)

lower down the river — weiter unten am Fluss

fall down the stairs/steps — die Treppe/Stufen herunterstürzen

his eye travelled down the list — sein Auge wanderte über die Liste

walk down the hill/road — den Hügel/die Straße heruntergehen

2) (downwards through) durch

3) (downwards into) rein in (+ Akk.) (bes. ugs.); hinein in (+ Akk.) (bes. schriftsprachlich)

fall down a hole/ditch — in ein Loch/einen Graben fallen

4) (downwards over) über (+ Akk.)

spill water all down one's skirt — sich (Dat.) Wasser über den Rock gießen

5) (downwards in time)

the tradition has continued down the ages — die Tradition ist von Generation zu Generation weitergegeben worden

6) (along)

come down the street — die Straße herunter- od. entlangkommen

go down the pub/disco — (Brit. coll.) in die Kneipe/Disko gehen

7) (at or in a lower position in or on) [weiter] unten

further down the ladder/coast — weiter unten auf der Leiter/an der Küste

live just down the road — ein Stück weiter unten in der Straße wohnen

8) (from top to bottom along) an (+ Dat.)

down the side of a house — an der Seite eines Hauses

9) (all over) überall auf (+ Dat.)

I've got coffee [all] down my skirt — mein ganzer Rock ist voll Kaffee

10) (Brit. coll.): (in, at)

down the pub/café/town — in der Kneipe/im Café/in der Stadt
3. adjective
(directed downwards) nach unten führend [Rohr, Kabel]; [Rolltreppe] nach unten; nach unten gerichtet [Kolbenhub, Sog]; aus der Hauptstadt herausführend [Bahnlinie]
4. transitive verb
(coll.)

1) (knock down) auf die Bretter schicken [Boxer]

2) (drink down) leer machen (ugs.) [Flasche, Glas]; schlucken (ugs.) [Getränk]

3)

down tools — (cease work) zu arbeiten aufhören; (take a break) die Arbeit unterbrechen; (go on strike) die Arbeit niederlegen

4) (shoot down) abschießen, (ugs.) runterholen [Flugzeug]
5. noun
(coll.)

have a down on somebody/something — jemanden/etwas auf dem Kieker haben (ugs.); see also up 4.
•• Cultural note:
Downing Street

Der Name einer Straße in Westminster im Zentrum von London. Das Haus mit der Nummer 10 in der Downing Street ist der offizielle Sitz des Premierministers und das mit der Nummer 11 der des Finanzministers. Unter Journalisten ist der Ausdruck Downing Street oder Number 10 gebräuchlich, wenn vom Amtssitz des Premierministers die Rede ist

* * *

(fluff) n.

Flaum nur sing. m. (feathers) n.

Daune -n f. adj.

abwärts adj.

herab adj.

herunter adj.

hinab adj.

hinunter adj.

nieder adj.

rückwärts adj.

unten adj.

zusammengebrochen (alt.Rechtschreibung) adj.

English-german dictionary > down
10 sweep

I [swiːp]
nome

1) (anche sweep out) scopata f., spazzata f.

to give sth. a sweep — dare una scopata a qcs

2) (movement)

with a sweep of his arm — con un ampio movimento del braccio

to make a wide sweep south — fare un ampio giro a sud

3) (of land, woods, hills) distesa f.; (of fabric) pezza f.

4) (of events, history, country) estensione f.; (of opinion) ventaglio m., gamma f.; (of telescope, gun) portata f.

5) (search) (on land) perlustrazione f., ricerca f.; (by air) sorvolo m.; (attack) bombardamento m. a tappeto; (to capture) rastrellamento m.

to make a sweep of — (search) (on land) esplorare, perlustrare; (by air) sorvolare; (to capture) rastrellare

6) (anche chimney sweep) spazzacamino m.
II 1. [swiːp]
verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. swept)

1) (clean) scopare, spazzare [floor, room]; pulire [ chimney]

2) (remove with brush)

to sweep the crumbs off the table — spazzare o fare cadere le briciole giù dal tavolo

3) (push)

to sweep sth. off the table — fare cadere qcs. dal tavolo (con un ampio gesto della mano)

to sweep sb. off his, her feet — [ wave] fare cadere o fare perdere l'equilibrio a qcn.; fig. (romantically) fare perdere la testa a qcn.

to be swept into power — essere portato al potere (con una maggioranza schiacciante)

4) (spread through) [disease, crime, craze] dilagare in, diffondersi in; [ storm] estendersi in; [ fire] propagarsi in; [ rumour] diffondersi in, divulgarsi in

5) (search, survey) [beam, searchlight] proiettarsi su; [ person] scrutare; [vessel, submarine] scandagliare; [ police] rastrellare ( for alla ricerca di)

to sweep sth. for mines — dragare qcs. alla ricerca di mine
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. swept)

1) (clean) spazzare, scopare

2) (move)

to sweep in, out — (anche fig.) (quickly) entrare, uscire impetuosamente; (majestically) entrare, uscire maestosamente

the wind swept in from the east — il vento soffiava da est

to sweep into — [ invaders] irrompere in, invadere [ region]

to sweep (in)to power — pol. essere portato al potere (con una maggio ranza schiacciante)

to sweep to victory — riportare una vittoria schiac ciante

to sweep through — [disease, crime, craze, change] dilagare, diffondersi in; [ storm] estendersi in; [ fire] propagarsi in; [ rumour] diffondersi, divulgarsi in

to sweep over — [ searchlight] proiettarsi su; [ gaze] percorrere

fear swept over him — fu sopraffatto dalla paura

3) (extend)

the road sweeps north — la strada descrive un'ampia curva verso nord

the mountains sweep down to the sea — le montagne scendono maestosamente fino al mare

•

- sweep along

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep out

- sweep up

••

to sweep sth. under the carpet — BE o

rug — AE nascondere o insabbiare qcs

* * *
[swi:p] 1. past tense, past participle - swept; verb
1) (to clean (a room etc) using a brush or broom: The room has been swept clean.) spazzare

2) (to move as though with a brush: She swept the crumbs off the table with her hand; The wave swept him overboard; Don't get swept away by (= become over-enthusiastic about) the idea!; She swept aside my objections.) spazzare via

3) (to move quickly over: The disease/craze is sweeping the country.) percorrere

4) (to move swiftly or in a proud manner: High winds sweep across the desert; She swept into my room without knocking on the door.) diffondersi, dilagare; entrare/uscire
2. noun
1) (an act of sweeping, or process of being swept, with a brush etc: She gave the room a sweep.) spazzata

2) (a sweeping movement: He indicated the damage with a sweep of his hand.) gesto

3) (a person who cleans chimneys.) spazzacamino

4) (a sweepstake.) lotteria

•

- sweeper
- sweeping
- sweeping-brush
- at one/a sweep
- sweep someone off his feet
- sweep off his feet
- sweep out
- sweep the board
- sweep under the carpet
- sweep up
* * *
sweep /swi:p/
n.

1 (= sweep-up, sweep-out) spazzata; scopata: Give the house a thorough sweep, da' una bella spazzata alla casa!

2 ampio gesto; movimento rapido; colpo ( con rotazione): with a sweep of his arm, con un ampio gesto del braccio; with a sweep of the oars, con un colpo di remi; con una remata; at one sweep, con un sol colpo

3 [u] flusso; il fluire; lo scorrere: the sweep of the tide, il flusso della marea

4 [u] (fig.) campo; ambito; portata

5 distesa; tratto: a long sweep of meadows, una lunga distesa di prati; a sweep of mountain country, un tratto di terreno montagnoso

6 ampia curva; viale d'accesso che fa un'ampia curva: The house is approached by a fine sweep ( o carriage sweep), un bel viale ad ampie curve dà accesso alla casa; The river makes a great sweep to the right, il fiume descrive un'ampia curva a destra

7 pala, vela ( di mulino a vento)

8 (naut.) dragaggio ( di mine); cavo di dragaggio; ( anche) remo sensile

9 (aeron.) angolo di freccia ( delle ali)

10 mazzacavallo ( di pozzo)

11 strascico ( d'abito)

12 (= chimney-sweep) spazzacamino: as black as a sweep, nero come uno spazzacamino

13 perlustrazione; ricerca ( di dispersi, ecc.)

14 (spesso al pl.) (TV, USA) rilevazione periodica dei dati di ascolto ( per determinare le tariffe pubblicitarie)

15 (mil., aeron.) penetrazione ( in territorio nemico); operazione su vasta scala; rastrellamento; bombardamento a tappeto

16 [u] (elettron.) deflessione; deviazione; scansione ( della TV): horizontal sweep, scansione orizzontale

17 (metall.) sagoma

18 (fam.) vittoria completa; grande successo

19 ( canottaggio) ritmo di voga; cadenza; palata

20 ( lotta) movimento circolare ( del braccio)

21 ( hockey su ghiaccio) colpo a falce

22 ( cricket) tiro orizzontale ( all'altezza del terreno): reverse sweep, colpo (simile allo «sweep», ma eseguito con il rovescio della mazza)

23 (fam.) ► sweepstake

● ( pesca) sweep net, rete a strascico □ sweep of one's eyes, occhiata (o sguardo) intorno; colpo d'occhio □ the sweep of a scythe, un colpo di falce; una falciata □ sweep-out (o sweep-up) = def. 1 ► sopra □ to make a clean sweep, far piazza pulita; fare un repulisti (fam.).
♦ (to) sweep /swi:p/
(pass. e p. p. swept)

A v. t.

1 spazzare ( anche fig.); scopare; spazzare via, portare via; eliminare; distruggere; liberare; fare piazza pulita di (fam.): to sweep the floor, spazzare il pavimento; to sweep a room, spazzare una stanza; The upper deck was swept by a billow, il ponte superiore è stato spazzato da un maroso; The machine-guns swept the ground before the trenches, le mitragliatrici spazzavano il terreno davanti alle trincee; Dust storms swept the barren plain, tempeste di sabbia spazzavano l'arido piano; to sweep the seas of pirates, liberare il mare dai pirati; The Great Fire of 1666 swept the City, il Grande Incendio del 1666 distrusse la City

2 scorrere (su); percorrere; scorrere (lett.); sfiorare; toccare leggermente; strisciare su: She swept her hand through her hair, si è passata la mano fra i capelli; His fingers swept the keyboard of the organ, le sue dita scorrevano sulla tastiera dell'organo; to sweep the strings of a guitar, sfiorare le corde d'una chitarra; Armed bands swept the countryside, bande armate scorrevano la campagna; Her skirt swept the floor, la gonna le strisciava sul pavimento

3 (fig.) diffondersi, dilagare in: A new craze swept the country, una nuova moda dilagò nel paese

4 sospingere; sballottare; trascinare

5 spaziare su; scorrere con lo sguardo; scrutare: to sweep the horizon, scrutare l'orizzonte

6 trascinare; portare via

7 (mil.) battere, spazzare ( col tiro)

8 ( anche naut.) scandagliare; dragare

9 (fam.) vincere facilmente; stravincere: The Democrats swept the election, i Democratici vinsero le elezioni con un largo margine di voti

10 setacciare ( un locale) alla ricerca di microspie

B v. i.

1 stendersi; estendersi; allargarsi: The shore sweeps to the south in a wide arc, la spiaggia descrive un ampio arco verso il sud; The plain sweeps away to the sea, la pianura si stende verso il mare

2 incedere (o camminare) maestosamente; entrare (uscire, ecc.) con passo altero (o maestoso): The leading lady swept onto the stage, la primadonna è entrata in scena con passo maestoso

● (fig.) to sweep all before one, conseguire un successo travolgente □ (fig.) to sweep the board, vincere tutte le poste ( del gioco), far saltare il banco; (fig.) avere un grande successo, fare piazza pulita; trionfare □ to sweep sb. a bow, fare un inchino (o una riverenza) a q. □ to sweep the chimneys, sbrattare (o pulire) i camini □ (polit.) to sweep a constituency, conquistare un collegio elettorale con largo margine di voti □ (polit.: di un partito) to sweep the country, vincere le elezioni politiche □ (fig.) to sweep everything into one's net, fare piazza pulita; arraffare tutto □ to sweep one's hand over sb. 's hair, passare la mano sui capelli di q. □ to sweep a path, aprire un sentiero ( nella giungla, ecc.) □ (naut., mil.) to sweep the seas, battere i mari □ to sweep a space, fare spazio; sgombrare □ (naut.) swept way, rotta di sicurezza □ The road sweeps up the hill, la strada sale a larghe curve sino alla cima del colle □ (prov.) A new broom sweeps clean, scopa nuova spazza bene.

* * *
I [swiːp]
nome

1) (anche sweep out) scopata f., spazzata f.

to give sth. a sweep — dare una scopata a qcs

2) (movement)

with a sweep of his arm — con un ampio movimento del braccio

to make a wide sweep south — fare un ampio giro a sud

3) (of land, woods, hills) distesa f.; (of fabric) pezza f.

4) (of events, history, country) estensione f.; (of opinion) ventaglio m., gamma f.; (of telescope, gun) portata f.

5) (search) (on land) perlustrazione f., ricerca f.; (by air) sorvolo m.; (attack) bombardamento m. a tappeto; (to capture) rastrellamento m.

to make a sweep of — (search) (on land) esplorare, perlustrare; (by air) sorvolare; (to capture) rastrellare

6) (anche chimney sweep) spazzacamino m.
II 1. [swiːp]
verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. swept)

1) (clean) scopare, spazzare [floor, room]; pulire [ chimney]

2) (remove with brush)

to sweep the crumbs off the table — spazzare o fare cadere le briciole giù dal tavolo

3) (push)

to sweep sth. off the table — fare cadere qcs. dal tavolo (con un ampio gesto della mano)

to sweep sb. off his, her feet — [ wave] fare cadere o fare perdere l'equilibrio a qcn.; fig. (romantically) fare perdere la testa a qcn.

to be swept into power — essere portato al potere (con una maggioranza schiacciante)

4) (spread through) [disease, crime, craze] dilagare in, diffondersi in; [ storm] estendersi in; [ fire] propagarsi in; [ rumour] diffondersi in, divulgarsi in

5) (search, survey) [beam, searchlight] proiettarsi su; [ person] scrutare; [vessel, submarine] scandagliare; [ police] rastrellare ( for alla ricerca di)

to sweep sth. for mines — dragare qcs. alla ricerca di mine
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. swept)

1) (clean) spazzare, scopare

2) (move)

to sweep in, out — (anche fig.) (quickly) entrare, uscire impetuosamente; (majestically) entrare, uscire maestosamente

the wind swept in from the east — il vento soffiava da est

to sweep into — [ invaders] irrompere in, invadere [ region]

to sweep (in)to power — pol. essere portato al potere (con una maggio ranza schiacciante)

to sweep to victory — riportare una vittoria schiac ciante

to sweep through — [disease, crime, craze, change] dilagare, diffondersi in; [ storm] estendersi in; [ fire] propagarsi in; [ rumour] diffondersi, divulgarsi in

to sweep over — [ searchlight] proiettarsi su; [ gaze] percorrere

fear swept over him — fu sopraffatto dalla paura

3) (extend)

the road sweeps north — la strada descrive un'ampia curva verso nord

the mountains sweep down to the sea — le montagne scendono maestosamente fino al mare

•

- sweep along

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep out

- sweep up

••

to sweep sth. under the carpet — BE o

rug — AE nascondere o insabbiare qcs

English-Italian dictionary > sweep
11 sweep

1. transitive verb,
swept

1) fegen (bes. nordd.); kehren (bes. südd.)

sweep the board, sweep all before one — (fig.): (win all awards) auf der ganzen Linie siegen

2) (move with force) fegen

the current swept the logs along — die Strömung riss die Hölzer mit

3) (traverse swiftly)

sweep the hillside/plain — [Wind:] über die Hügel/Ebene fegen

sweep the country — [Epidemie, Mode:] das Land überrollen; [Feuer:] durch das Land fegen
2. intransitive verb,
swept

1) (clean) fegen (bes. nordd.); kehren (bes. südd.)

2) (go fast, in stately manner) [Vogel:] gleiten; [Person, Auto:] rauschen; [Wind usw.:] fegen

3) (extend) sich erstrecken

the road sweeps to the left — die Straße macht einen großen Bogen nach links

his glance swept from left to right — sein Blick glitt von links nach rechts
3. noun
1) (cleaning)

give something a sweep — etwas fegen (bes. nordd.); etwas kehren (bes. südd.)

make a clean sweep — (fig.): (get rid of everything) gründlich aufräumen

2) see academic.ru/12505/chimney_sweep">chimney sweep

3) (coll.) see sweepstake

4) (motion of arm) ausholende Bewegung

5) (stretch)

a wide/an open sweep of country — ein weiter Landstrich

6) (curve of road, river) Bogen, der

the wide sweep of the bay — die geschwungene Kurve der Bucht

Phrasal Verbs:

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep by

- sweep down

- sweep in

- sweep out

- sweep up

* * *
[swi:p] 1. past tense, past participle - swept; verb
1) (to clean (a room etc) using a brush or broom: The room has been swept clean.) kehren

2) (to move as though with a brush: She swept the crumbs off the table with her hand; The wave swept him overboard; Don't get swept away by (= become over-enthusiastic about) the idea!; She swept aside my objections.) (beiseite) fegen, mitreißen

3) (to move quickly over: The disease/craze is sweeping the country.) fegen

4) (to move swiftly or in a proud manner: High winds sweep across the desert; She swept into my room without knocking on the door.) fegen
2. noun
1) (an act of sweeping, or process of being swept, with a brush etc: She gave the room a sweep.) das Kehren

2) (a sweeping movement: He indicated the damage with a sweep of his hand.) schwungvolle Handbewegung

3) (a person who cleans chimneys.) der Schornsteinfeger

4) (a sweepstake.) das Toto

•

- sweeper
- sweeping
- sweeping-brush
- at one/a sweep
- sweep someone off his feet
- sweep off his feet
- sweep out
- sweep the board
- sweep under the carpet
- sweep up
* * *

sweep

[swi:p]

I. n

1. no pl (a clean with a brush) Kehren nt, Fegen nt NORDD, SCHWEIZ

to give the floor a \sweep den Boden kehren

2. ( dated: chimney sweep) Schornsteinfeger(in) m(f), Rauchfangkehrer(in) m(f) ÖSTERR

3. (movement) schwungvolle Bewegung, Schwingen nt kein pl; (with sabre, scythe) ausholender Hieb; (all-covering strike) Rundumschlag m a. fig

4. (area) Gebiet nt, Gelände nt

5. (range) Reichweite f a. fig, Spielraum m

the film showed the breadth of Arab culture and the \sweep of its history der Film zeigte die Vielfältigkeit der arabischen Kultur und die weitreichende Bedeutung ihrer Geschichte

6. (search) Suchaktion f

a \sweep of a house eine Hausdurchsuchung

7. ( fam) see sweepstake

8. COMPUT Hin- und Rücklauf m, Zeitablenkung f

9.

▶ to make a clean \sweep of sth (start afresh) gründlich mit etw dat aufräumen; (win everything) etw völlig für sich akk entscheiden

the new prime minister is expected to make a clean \sweep of the government man erwartet, dass der neue Premierminister die Regierung komplett auswechselt

Romania made a clean \sweep of the medals Rumänien räumte alle Medaillen ab fam

II. vt

<swept, swept>

1. (with a broom)

▪ to \sweep sth etw kehren [o NORDD, SCHWEIZ fegen]

to \sweep the chimney den Kamin [o ÖSTERR Rauchfang] kehren

to \sweep the floor den Boden fegen, ÖSTERR kehren

2. (take in powerful manner)

smiling, he swept me into his arms lächelnd schloss er mich in seine Arme

she swept the pile of papers into her bag sie schaufelte den Stapel Papiere in ihre Tasche

the party was swept to power ( fig) die Partei kam erdrutschartig an die Macht

3. (remove)

▪ to \sweep back ⇆ sth etw zurückwerfen

she swept back her long hair from her face energisch strich sie sich ihre langen Haare aus dem Gesicht

4. (spread)

▪ to \sweep sth über etw akk kommen

a 1970s fashion revival is \sweeping Europe ein Modetrend wie in den 70ern rollt derzeit über Europa hinweg

5. (travel and search)

▪ to \sweep sth etw absuchen [o fam durchkämmen]

police have swept the woodland area die Polizei hat das Waldgebiet abgesucht

6. AM ( fam: win)

▪ to \sweep sth etw abräumen fam [o pej fam einsacken

7.

▶ to \sweep the board allen Gewinn einstreichen

▶ to \sweep sth under the carpet [or AM also rug] [or AUS also mat] etw unter den Teppich kehren fam

▶ to \sweep sb off his/her feet jdm den Kopf verdrehen fam

III. vi

<swept, swept>

1. (move smoothly) gleiten; person rauschen fam; eyes gleiten

her gaze swept across the assembled room ihr Blick glitt über den vollbesetzten Raum

the beam of the lighthouse swept across the sea der Lichtstrahl des Leuchtturms strich über das Wasser

to \sweep into power an die Spitze der Macht getragen werden

2. (follow path) sich akk [da]hinziehen

the road \sweeps down to the coast die Straße führt zur Küste hinunter

the path swept along the river der Weg verlief entlang des Flusses

the fire swept through the house das Feuer breitete sich schnell im Haus aus

3.

▶ a new broom \sweeps clean ( prov) neue Besen kehren gut prov

* * *
[swiːp] vb: pret, ptp swept
1. n

1)

to give the floor a sweep — den Boden kehren or fegen

the chimney needs a sweep — der Schornstein muss gekehrt or gefegt werden

2) (= chimney sweep) Schornsteinfeger(in) m(f), Kaminkehrer(in) m(f)

3) (of arm, pendulum) Schwung m; (of sword) Streich m; (of oars) Durchziehen nt no pl; (of light, radar) Strahl m

in one sweep (fig) —

with a sweep of her skirts — mit rauschenden Gewändern

to make a sweep for mines — nach Minen suchen

the police made a sweep of the district — die Polizei hat die Gegend abgesucht

to make a clean sweep (fig) — gründlich aufräumen, gründlich Ordnung schaffen

the Russians made a clean sweep of the athletic events — die Russen haben beim Leichtathletikkampf tüchtig abgeräumt (inf) or alle Preise eingesteckt

4) (= range) Bereich m; (of gun) Schussbereich m

5) (= curve, line of road, river) Bogen m; (of facade, contour, hair) Schwung m

a wide sweep of country —

a beautiful sweep of hills — herrliche Berge pl

6)

See:

= sweepstake

2. vt

1) floor, street, chimney kehren, fegen; room (aus)kehren, (aus)fegen; dust, snow wegfegen

to sweep a path through the snow — einen Weg durch den Schnee bahnen

to sweep sth under the carpet (fig) — etw unter den Teppich kehren

2) (= scan, move searchingly over) absuchen (for nach); (bullets) streichen über (+acc); minefield, sea durchkämmen; mines räumen

to sweep a channel clear of mines — einen Kanal von Minen säubern

3) (= move quickly over wind, skirt) fegen über (+acc); (waves) deck, sand etc überrollen, überschwemmen; (glance) gleiten über (+acc); (fig, wave of protest, violence, fashion) überrollen; (disease) um sich greifen in (+dat)

4) (= remove with sweeping movement wave) spülen, schwemmen; (current) reißen; (wind) fegen; person reißen

to sweep sth off the table/onto the floor — etw vom Tisch/zu Boden fegen

the crowd swept him into the square —

he swept the obstacles from his path the army swept the enemy before them — er stieß die Hindernisse aus dem Weg die Armee jagte die feindlichen Truppen vor sich her

5) (= triumph) große Triumphe feiern in (+dat)

to sweep the polls (Pol) — die Wahlen haushoch gewinnen

to sweep all before one (fig) — alle in die Tasche stecken (inf)

to sweep the board (fig) — alle Preise/Medaillen gewinnen, abräumen (inf)

3. vi

1) (with broom) kehren, fegen → broom

See:

→ broom

2) (= move person) rauschen; (vehicle, plane, quickly) schießen; (majestically) gleiten; (skier) fegen; (road, river) in weitem Bogen führen

panic/the disease swept through Europe — Panik/die Krankheit griff in Europa um sich or breitete sich in Europa aus

the tornado swept across the fields — der Wirbelsturm fegte über die Felder

* * *

sweep [swiːp]

A v/t prät und pperf swept [swept]

1. kehren, fegen:

sweep away ( oder off) (up) weg-(auf)kehren;

sweep away fig hinwegfegen

2. (of von) frei machen, säubern (auch fig):

sweep a path ( channel, etc);

sweep the sea of enemy ships

3. jagen, treiben (besonders fig):

sweep the enemy before one den Feind vor sich hertreiben;

sweep all before one auf der ganzen Linie siegen;

a wave of fear swept the country eine Welle der Angst ging durchs oder überschwemmte das Land;

it swept the opposition into office es brachte die Opposition ans Ruder

4. (hinweg)streichen oder (-)fegen über (akk) (Wind etc)

5. auch sweep away ( oder off) fort-, mitreißen, wegschwemmen:

the river swept away the bridge;

he swept his audience along with him er riss seine Zuhörerschaft mit;

sweep sb off their feet

a) jemanden hinreißen,

b) jemandes Herz im Sturm erobern

6. (aus dem Weg) räumen, beseitigen:

sweep away fig einem Übelstand etc abhelfen, aufräumen mit;

sweep aside fig etwas abtun, beiseiteschieben, hinwegwischen;

sweep off jemanden hinweg-, dahinraffen (Tod, Krankheit)

7. (mit der Hand) fahren oder streichen über (akk)

8. Geld einstreichen: → board¹ A 7

9. a) ein Gebiet durchstreifen

b) (hin)gleiten oder schweifen über (akk) (Blick etc)

c) (mit Scheinwerfern oder Radar) absuchen ( for nach)

10. MIL ein Gelände (mit Feuer) bestreichen

11. MUS

a) ein Instrument, Saiten, Tasten (be)rühren, (an)schlagen, (hin)gleiten über (akk)

b) Töne entlocken ( from an instrument einem Instrument)

B v/i

1. kehren, fegen: → broom A 1

2. fegen, stürmen, jagen (Wind, Regen etc; auch Armee, Krieg etc), fluten (Wasser, auch Truppen etc), durchs Land gehen (Epidemie etc):

sweep along (by, down, over, past) entlang- oder einher-(hernieder-, darüber hin-, vorüber)fegen etc;

sweep down on sich (herab)stürzen auf (akk);

fear swept over him Furcht überkam ihn;

sweep into power durch einen überwältigenden Wahlsieg an die Macht kommen

3. (majestätisch) einherschreiten:

she swept from the room sie rauschte aus dem Zimmer

4. in weitem Bogen gleiten

5. sich (da)hinziehen (Küste, Straße etc)

6. SCHIFF dreggen ( for nach):

sweep for mines Minen suchen oder räumen

C s

1. Kehren n, Fegen n:

give the floor a sweep den Boden kehren oder fegen;

at one sweep mit einem Schlag;

make a clean sweep fig

a) gründlich aufräumen,

b) SPORT etc gründlich abräumen

2. Dahinfegen n, -stürmen n, Brausen n (des Windes etc)

3. a) schwungvolle (Hand- etc) Bewegung

b) Schwung m (einer Sense, Waffe etc)

c) (Ruder-) Schlag m

4. fig Reichweite f, Bereich m, Spielraum m, weiter (geistiger) Horizont

5. fig

a) Schwung m, Gewalt f

b) mächtige Bewegung, Strom m

6. Schwung m, Bogen m (einer Straße etc)

7. ausgedehnte Strecke, weite Fläche

8. Auffahrt f (zu einem Haus)

9. meist pl Kehricht m/n, Müll m

10. Ziehstange f (eines Ziehbrunnens)

11. SCHIFF

a) langes Ruder

b) Dreggtau n (zum Ankerfischen)

c) Räumgerät n (zum Minensuchen)

d) Gillung f (eines Segels)

12. ELEK Kipp m, Hinlauf m (in Kathodenstrahlröhren)

13. Radar etc:

a) Abtastung f

b) Abtaststrahl m

14. besonders Br Schornsteinfeger(in)

15. Kartenspiel: Gewinn m aller Stiche oder Karten

16. → sweepstake

D adj ELEK Kipp…, (Zeit)Ablenk…

* * *
1. transitive verb,
swept

1) fegen (bes. nordd.); kehren (bes. südd.)

sweep the board, sweep all before one — (fig.): (win all awards) auf der ganzen Linie siegen

2) (move with force) fegen

the current swept the logs along — die Strömung riss die Hölzer mit

3) (traverse swiftly)

sweep the hillside/plain — [Wind:] über die Hügel/Ebene fegen

sweep the country — [Epidemie, Mode:] das Land überrollen; [Feuer:] durch das Land fegen
2. intransitive verb,
swept

1) (clean) fegen (bes. nordd.); kehren (bes. südd.)

2) (go fast, in stately manner) [Vogel:] gleiten; [Person, Auto:] rauschen; [Wind usw.:] fegen

3) (extend) sich erstrecken

the road sweeps to the left — die Straße macht einen großen Bogen nach links

his glance swept from left to right — sein Blick glitt von links nach rechts
3. noun
1) (cleaning)

give something a sweep — etwas fegen (bes. nordd.); etwas kehren (bes. südd.)

make a clean sweep — (fig.): (get rid of everything) gründlich aufräumen

2) see chimney sweep

3) (coll.) see sweepstake

4) (motion of arm) ausholende Bewegung

5) (stretch)

a wide/an open sweep of country — ein weiter Landstrich

6) (curve of road, river) Bogen, der

the wide sweep of the bay — die geschwungene Kurve der Bucht

Phrasal Verbs:

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep by

- sweep down

- sweep in

- sweep out

- sweep up

* * *

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: swept)

= dahinsausen v.

fegen v.

kehren v.

English-german dictionary > sweep
12 على

عَلَى \ against: touching (usually sth. upright): The rain beat against the window. He pressed his nose against the glass. on: showing where sb. or sth. is placed: He lay on his back on the bed. The picture hung on a nail on the wall. Your name is on the list. He hit me on the nose. The boat is on the river (in the water). The house is on the river (beside the water), as in the previous meaning, but with movement (often with to) He jumped on (to) his horse. The book fell on (to) the floor. onto: on to: He sprang onto the table. over: lying across; resting on; covering: A cloud was over the sun. She spread a cloth over the table, across the surface of Ships sail over the sea, above (in rank, etc.) He rules over a proud people, about; concerning They quarrelled over the resutl of the race. You need not hurry over your dinner. upon: on. \ عَلَى \ on shore, ashore: on dry land; not on the sea; on or to the shore: Sailors are unhappy ashore. We swam ashore from the boat. \ See Also نَحْوَ البَرّ، اليابسة (اليَابِسَة)‏ \ عَلَى \ ashore: on or to the shore: Sailors are unhappy ashore. We swam ashore from the boat. on shore, ashore: on dry land; not on the sea. \ See Also نَحْوَ الشّاطِئ \ عَلَى اتِّصَال (عكس مُنْقَطع عن)‏ \ in touch: (the opposite is out of touch) giving or receiving news: I’ve been in touch with my brother by telephone. The radio keeps us in touch with world events. \ عَلَى أتَمّ ما يكُون من التَّرتيب والهِنْدام \ spick and span: (as a predic. phrase) neat, clean and bright: Sailors usually keep their boats spick and span. \ عَلَى الأَثير \ on the air: being sent out on the radio or television. \ عَلَى أَحْسَن وَجْه \ best, well, better: in the best way: Peter played best last week. \ عَلَى أرْبَع \ on all fours: on hands and knees: She went down on all fours to look for the needle. \ عَلَى الأرض \ over: from an upright (or straight) position to a flat (or bent) position: I fell over. He knocked me over. She bent over to pick it up. \ عَلَى استعداد \ content: willing: I’m content to wait for my turn. \ عَلَى أشُدِّه \ in full swing: (of an activity) at its highest point; very busy: The party was in full swing when I arrived. \ عَلَى الإطلاق \ little: (coming just before the verb) not at all: I little knew (or Little did I know) that next day he would be dead. not in the least: not at all: It doesn’t matter in the least. whatever: at all: I have no money whatever. whatsoever: a strong form of whatever; at all: Tell him nothing whatsoever!. \ عَلَى الأَغْلَب \ for the most part: mostly: He is old and for the most part he stays at home. \ عَلَى أَقْصَى ما تستطيع رؤيتَه \ in the distance: far away (from the point where one is): In the distance he could see the mountains. \ عَلَى الأَقَلّ \ a good: (with numbers) at least: He lives a good 3 miles away. at least: (showing that sth. is true, necessary, etc., even if sth. else is not) in spite of what has just been said or is just going to be said: He may be lazy but at least he’s honest. You can at least be polite even if you don’t like him, not less than It cost at least $100. quite: at least; not less than: The journey took quite three hours. \ عَلَى الأَكثَر \ largely: mostly: The accident was largely his own fault. mainly: chiefly; mostly. \ عَلَى انفِراد \ private: (only in the phrase in private) privately; where nobody can hear except those concerned: May I speak to you in private. \ عَلَى أُهْبَة الاستعداد \ stand by: to be ready, in case one may be needed: The soldiers were told to stand by. \ عَلَى أَيّ حال \ anyhow: in any case: I don’t really need this; anyhow, it costs too much. anyway: in any case: I may be late; anyway, don’t wait for me, in any case I don’t really need this; anyhow, it costs too much. at all events, in any event: in any case; whatever may happen or has happened: He didn’t win but, at all events, he did try hard. at any rate: at least; in any case: He wasn’t there; at any rate, I don’t think he was. I may not succeed; but I’ll try, at any rate. in any case: no matter what else may be considered, anyhow: It costs too much. In any case, I don’t really need it. \ عَلَى أيَّة حال \ all the same, at the same time: (only at the start of a sentence; comparing points that are for and against) in spite of this: He’s not clever; all the same, he does try hard. however: all the same; in spite of what has just been said: I’m very tired; however, I’ll come and help you. \ عَلَى بُعد \ away: at a distance: Brighton is 60 miles away. Keep away from the wet paint. beyond: further; on or to the farther side: I looked across the river to the hills beyond. \ عَلَى التَّخْصِيص \ in particular: especially: I enjoyed his first song in particular. \ عَلَى التَّوَالي \ respectively: separately, in that order: Boys and girls will be examined on Monday and Tuesday respectively (the boys on Monday, the girls on Tuesday). \ عَلَى جَانِب \ up: along (up and down are both used like this, although the course may be quite level): He lives just up the road. \ عَلَى الجميع \ round: to everyone: He handed the coffee round. There were not enough cups to go round. \ عَلَى حَدٍّ \ as far as, so far as: (showing a limit): As far as I know, he’s not here. \ عَلَى حَدٍّ سَواء \ alike: in the same way: He treats us all alike. \ عَلَى حَدِّ عِلْمي \ to the best knowledge: as far as I know: To the best of my knowledge, he is honest (I have no reason to doubt his honesty). \ عَلَى حِدَة \ private: (only in the phrase in private) privately; where nobody can hear except those concerned: May I speak to you in private?. separate: not joined or shared; apart: Keep the new milk separate from the old. \ عَلَى حَقّ (مُحِقّ)‏ \ be in the right: not be at fault: Although they said she’d made a mistake, they discovered she was in the right. \ عَلَى حِين غِرَّة \ all of a sudden: in a sudden manner. suddenly: in a sudden manner: The door opened suddenly. \ عَلَى خَطَأ \ in the wrong: mistaken (in one’s judgement, behaviour etc.). \ عَلَى الدَّوام \ always: at all times. \ عَلَى رؤوس الأصابِع \ on tiptoe: on the tips of one’s toes: I can reach that if I stand on tiptoe. \ عَلَى الرّاجح \ likely: (usu. with very, most, more or quite) probably: She’s very likely right. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم مِن \ despite: in spite of: Despite his age, the old man walks several miles every day. for all: in spite of: For all his strength, he could not lift it. much as: although: Much as I admire him, I could not work with him. spite, in spite of: (of sth. that fails) even with: In spite of his efforts, he could not save her life, without regard to; not caring about (a difficulty) In spite of his illness, he attended the ceremony. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم مِنْ أَنَّ \ although: in spite of the fact that; (without a verb) in spite of being: Although (he was) ill, he went to work. \ عَلَى الرُّغْم من ذلك \ even so: in spite of that: He may be foolish; even so, you should help him. just the same: (showing one thing that is not the natural result of another) in spite of this: He’s a thief, but I like him just the same. nevertheless: in spite of that: I told him it would be dangerous, but nevertheless he did it. still: in spite of that: We rarely win; but still, we enjoy playing. \ عَلَى سَبيل المِثال \ for instance: as an example: He’s often late. Yesterday, for instance, he came home after midnight. \ عَلَى السَّطح كلِّه \ over: (esp. with all) across a surface: The table was wet all over. He rubbed it over with a dry cloth. \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة \ level: equal in height or position: His eyes were level with my shoulder. I soon drew level with the leading runner. \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة \ flush: exactly on a level with; not sticking out from; meeting exactly at the edges: The door is flush with the wall when it is closed. \ See Also مستوى (مُسْتَوًى)‏ \ عَلَى سَوِيَّة واحدة \ even: equal: The table legs were not of even length. He shared the money evenly among them. \ عَلَى شاكِلَة \ like: the same as: What is he like (in appearance and character)? He’s just like his father., What does it feel (or look or taste or smell or sound) like?. in the same way as:: He swims like a fish. \ عَلَى شَرْط \ provide (that), also providing (that): if; on condition that: I’ll go, provided (that) you’ll go too. \ عَلَى شَفَا \ on the brink of: close to (sth. dangerous or exciting): on the brink of war. on the point of doing sth.: starting to do sth.: I was on the point of telephoning you, when I got your letter. on one’s last legs: (of a person or thing) not expected to last much longer; worn out; almost in ruins: That company is on its last legs. on the verge of: close to: She was on the verge of tears. \ See Also شفير (الموت أو الإفلاس، إلخ)، عَلى وَشْك \ عَلَى صَهْوَةِ الجَوَاد \ on horseback: on a horse: He travelled on horseback. \ عَلَى ضِغْن \ grudgingly: unwillingly. \ See Also على غير رَغْبَة \ عَلَى طُولِ \ along: following the line of: He ran along the road. down: along (without regard to level): We raced down the street. My friend lives just down the road. \ عَلَى ظَهْر \ on deck: on an uncovered deck, in the open air. \ See Also سَطْح السفينة \ عَلَى ظَهْر الحِصان \ on horseback: on a horse: He travelled on horseback. \ عَلَى ظَهْر السَّفينة \ on board: on (or on to) a ship or aeroplane: There are 70 men on board. Can I go on board the aircraft?. \ عَلَى ظَهْر الصَّفْحَة \ overleaf: on the back of the page: Please fill in this paper, and sign your name overleaf. \ عَلَى عَرْض \ across: over; from one side to the other of: He ran across the street. There is a bridge across the stream. \ عَلَى العَكْس \ on the contrary: (expressing disagreement) the opposite is true: It’s not worn out - on the contrary, it’s quite new. \ عَلَى عِلْم بِـ \ familiar with: knowing; accustomed to: I’m not familiar with English law. \ عَلَى عُلُوّ \ high: (in compounds) to the height of: The grass was waist-high. \ عَلَى الغالِب \ probably: almost certainly; with little doubt: You’re probably right. \ عَلَى غَيْر انتظار \ surprisingly: unexpectedly: a surprisingly good result. \ عَلَى غَيْر رَغْبَة \ grudgingly: unwillingly. \ عَلَى غَيْر هُدًى \ adrift: (of boats) loose; floating about with no control: Our ship was wrecked and we were left adrift in a small boat on the ocean. \ عَلَى فَتَرات مُنْتَظِمة \ periodically: from time to time. \ عَلَى فَرض أنّ \ (conj.) supposing: if: Supposing he’s late, shall we wait for him? Even supposing the lorry comes, it will still be too late. \ عَلَى الفِطْرة \ na]ve: too simple to be sensible; lacking wisdom and experience: a na]ve question; a na]ve young girl. \ عَلَى فِكْرَة \ by the way: used to show that the speaker is about to change the subject: Thank you for your help. By the way, would you like to come to our party next week?. \ عَلَى الفَوْر \ directly: at once: He arrived directly after me. instantly: at once. off-hand: without thought or preparation: I can’t say off-hand what it cost, but it was over $1000. \ عَلَى قافية واحدة \ rhyme: (of word endings) to have the same sound: ‘Consideration’ rhymes with ‘nation’, ‘Port’ rhymes with ‘thought’. ‘Pleasure’ rhymes with ‘measure’ but not with ‘pressure’. \ عَلَى قَدْر \ according to: in the proper way for; depending on: Each man was paid according to his skill. \ عَلَى قَدَم وَسَاق \ in full swing: (of an activity) at its highest point; very busy: The party was in full swing when I arrived. \ عَلَى قَيْد الحَيَاة \ alive: living: He was buried alive when part of a cliff fell on him. \ عَلَى كُلّ حال \ at any rate: at least; in any case: He wasn’t there; at any rate, I don’t think he was. I may not succeed; but I’ll try, at any rate. \ عَلَى مَا يَبْدُو \ apparently: it seems (from what people say): I thought she was 15, but apparently is older. \ عَلَى ما يَصِل إليه عِلْمي \ to the best of my knowledge: as far as I know: To the best of my knowledge, my son has never met her. \ See Also على مَبْلَغ علمي \ عَلَى المَدَى الطَّويل \ in the long run: after a period of time; in the end: It’ll be cheaper in the long run to buy good quality shoes. \ عَلَى مسؤوليَّته الشخصيّة \ at one’s own risk: agreeing that any troube will be one’s own fault: The bridge is unsafe but you can cross it at your own risk. \ عَلَى مسافة قريبة مِن \ off: a short distance from: an island off the English coast. \ عَلَى مُسْتَوًى \ level: equal in height or position: His eyes were level with my shoulder. \ عَلَى مِصْرَاعَيْه (فَتَحَ الباب)‏ \ wide: (with open) fully: open the door wide. Leave it wide open. \ عَلَى نَحْو مماثِل \ similarly: in the same way: They were similarly dressed. \ عَلَى نَسَق \ on the lines of: in the general form of: We’re planning some sports on the lines of the Olympic Games, but for schoolboys only. \ عَلَى نَفْس الوَتيرة \ even: (of movement) regular; steady: Her heart was not beating evenly. \ عَلَى نَوبات \ fits and starts: in short bursts; starting and stopping: The engine only goes in fits and starts. \ See Also فترات \ عَلَى هذا المُعَدَّل \ at that rate: if those conditions continue: He keeps stopping for a rest; at that rate, he won’t finish the job today. \ عَلَى هذا النَّحْو \ so: in this way; in that way: Don’t shout so!. thus: in this way. \ عَلَى الهَوَاء \ on the air: being sent out on the radio or television. \ عَلَى وَتِيرَة واحدة \ monotonous: (of a voice, a job, a way of life, etc.) dull, never changing and therefore uninteresting. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ \ unusually: (with an adj.) very; strangely: It is unusually cold in here today. \ See Also بشكل غير عاديّ \ عَلَى وَجْهِ التَّقْريب \ roughly: (with numbers and amounts) not exactly; about: roughly 50 trees; roughly a mile away. \ عَلَى وَجْهِ الخُصُوص \ particularly: especially: a particularly nasty smell. \ عَلَى الوَجهِ الصحيح \ duly: properly; as expected: The bill was duly paid. The train duly arrived. \ عَلَى وَجْهِ العُمُوم \ in general: in most cases: Men in general are taller than women. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ ما \ somehow: in some way or other, by some means or other: I’ll pay for it somehow, even if I have to ask someone to lend me the money. \ عَلَى وَجْهٍ مُسْتَهْجَن \ oddly: strangely: She behaved very oddly last night. \ عَلَى مِقْدار عِلْمي \ for all I know: as far as I know: For all I know, you may have stolen this. \ عَلَى مَقْرُبةٍ \ near: close to, in position: His house is near my own. \ عَلَى مَقرُبة مِن \ about: around; near There’s a lot of illness about. I went out early, when no one was about (when no one else was out). \ عَلَى مَهْل \ leisurely: without haste: He likes a leisurely walk in the evening. \ عَلَى نَحْو أسوأ \ worse: more bad; more badly: Murder is worse than stealing. It is a worse crime. You write even worse than I do. \ عَلَى نَحْوٍ أَفْضَل \ better, well, best: in a better way: He drives better than I do. \ عَلَى نَحْو تامّ \ strictly: exactly: Strictly speaking (If I tell you the exact truth) this ticket is out of date; but I’ll let you travel with it. \ See Also كامل (كامِل)‏ \ عَلَى نَحْو خَطير \ badly: seriously: He was badly wounded. \ عَلَى نَحْو رَخْو \ loosely: in a loose way: a loosely tied knot. \ See Also غير مُحْكَم \ عَلَى نَحْو رَدِيء \ badly: in a bad manner: badly dressed; badly made. \ عَلَى نَحْو صارم \ strictly: very firmly: Smoking in this cinema is strictly forbidden. \ See Also دَقيق \ عَلَى نَحْو صَحيح \ right: correctly: You guessed right. \ عَلَى نَحْو صَحيح \ rightly: justly; correctly: You acted rightly. \ See Also ملائم (مُلائم)‏ \ عَلَى نَحْوٍ كَامِل \ absolutely: without conditions: You must agree absolutely and not to try to change matters later. \ عَلَى نَحو مألوف \ ordinarily: usually. \ عَلَى نَحْو مُرْضٍ \ well: (the adv. form of the adj. good; see better, best) in a good and pleasing way: Well done! You played very well. \ عَلَى نَحْو مُلحّ \ badly: (with need, want) very much: They need money badly. \ عَلَى وَشْك \ on the point of doing sth.: starting to do sth.: I was on the point of telephoning you, when I got your letter. \ عَلَى وَشْك أَنْ \ be about to do sth.: to be ready to do it; be just going to do it: I was about to go when he arrived. on the verge of: close to: She was on the verge of tears. \ عَلَى يَد (مِن قِبَل)‏ \ by: (showing who or what did sth.): He was bitten by a dog. \ عَلَى اليدين والرِّجلين \ on all fours: on hands and knees: She went down on all fours to look for the needle.

Arabic-English dictionary > على
13 swing

swiŋ
1. past tense, past participle - swung; verb
1) (to (cause to) move or sway in a curve (from side to side or forwards and backwards) from a fixed point: You swing your arms when you walk; The children were swinging on a rope hanging from a tree; The door swung open; He swung the load on to his shoulder.) balancearse; girar, doblar

2) (to walk with a stride: He swung along the road.) caminar a zancadas, caminar a paso ligero

3) (to turn suddenly: He swung round and stared at them; He is hoping to swing the voters in his favour.) girar(se); cambiar

2. noun
1) (an act, period, or manner, of swinging: He was having a swing on the rope; Most golfers would like to improve their swing.) balanceo, vaivén, oscilación; (golf) swing

2) (a swinging movement: the swing of the dancers' skirts.) vaivén, balanceo, oscilación

3) (a strong dancing rhythm: The music should be played with a swing.) ritmo; (jazz) swing

4) (a change in public opinion etc: a swing away from the government.) giro, viraje, cambio

5) (a seat for swinging, hung on ropes or chains from a supporting frame etc.) columpio

•

- swinging
- swing bridge
- swing door
- be in full swing
- get into the swing of things
- get into the swing
- go with a swing

swing¹ n columpio

be careful on the swing, you might fall off cuidado en el columpio, puedes caerte

swing² vb

1. columpiarse

the boy was swinging on a rope el chico se columpiaba en una cuerda

2. mecerse / oscilar / balancearse

the door was swinging in the wind la puerta se mecía con el viento

El pasado y participio pasado de swing es swung

swing m inv
1 Mús (estilo de jazz) swing
2 fig (tensión interpretativa) ese cantante tiene mucho swing, this singer has got rhythm
3 Dep (efecto de golpear la pelota de golf) ese jugador tiene muy buen swing, this player has a good swing ' swing' also found in these entries: Spanish: balancear - balancearse - bambolearse - columpiar - columpiarse - columpio - desplazarse - mecerse - oscilar - vaivén - contonearse - hamaca - hamacar - mecer - puente English: cat - follow through - forehand - swing - swing door - swung - swinging - wave

swing

tr[swɪŋ]

noun

1 (movement) balanceo, vaivén nombre masculino; (of pendulum) oscilación nombre femenino, vaivén nombre masculino; (of hips) contoneo

2 (plaything) columpio

3 (change, shift) giro, viraje nombre masculino, cambio

4 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (in golf, boxing) swing nombre masculino

5 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (jazz style) swing nombre masculino; (rhythm) ritmo

intransitive verb (pt & pp swung tr[swʌŋ])

1 (hanging object) balancearse, bambolearse; (pendulum) oscilar; (arms, legs) menearse; (child on swing) columpiarse; (on a pivot) mecerse

■ the lightbulb was swinging from a flex la bombilla se balanceaba de un cable

■ the gate was swinging in the wind la puerta se mecía con el viento

2 (drive) girar, doblar; (walk) caminar con energía; (jump) saltar

■ the car swung into the drive el coche dobló por el camino de entrada

■ the monkey swung from tree to tree el mono saltaba de árbol en árbol

3 (shift) cambiar, oscilar, virar

■ the electorate has swung to the right el electorado ha virado a la derecha

■ her moods swing drastically tiene muchos cambios de humor

4 (music, band) tener ritmo; (party) estar muy animado,-a

transitive verb

1 (gen) balancear, bambolear; (arms, legs) balancear; (child on swing) columpiar, balancear; (object on rope) hacer oscilar

■ she swung her bag as she walked along balanceaba la bolsa al andar

■ she swings her hips se contonea

2 (cause to move) hacer girar

■ he swung the rucksack onto his back se echó la mochila a la espalda

3 (change) cambiar

■ they are trying to swing public opinion intentan cambiar la opinión pública

4 familiar (arrange, achieve) arreglar

■ I'll see if I can swing it for you to come miraré de arreglarlo para que puedas venir

■ he managed to swing the deal logró cerrar el trato

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

in full swing en plena marcha, en pleno apogeo

it's swings and roundabouts lo que se pierde acá se gana allá

to get into the swing of something coger el ritmo de algo, cogerle el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing ir sobre ruedas

to swing for something colgarle algo a alguien

to swing into action ponerse en marcha

to swing open/shut (door) abrirse/cerrarse (de golpe)

to swing the lead (intentar) escaquearse, poner excusas para no trabajar

to take a swing at somebody/something asestar un golpe a alguien/algo, intentar darle a alguien/algo

swing bridge puente nombre masculino giratorio

swing door puerta giratoria

swing ['swɪŋ] v, swung ['swʌŋ] ; swinging vt

1) : describir una curva con

he swung the ax at the tree: le dio al arbol con el hacha

2) : balancear (los brazos, etc.), hacer oscilar

3) suspend: colgar

swing vi

1) sway: balancearse (dícese de los brazos, etc.), oscilar (dícese de un objeto), columpiarse, mecerse (en un columpio)

2) swivel: girar (en un pivote)

the door swung shut: la puerta se cerró

3) change: virar, cambiar (dícese de las opiniones, etc.)

swing n

1) swinging: vaivén m, balanceo m

2) change, shift: viraje m, movimiento m

3) : columpio m (para niños)

4)

to take a swing at someone : intentar pegarle a alguien

swing

n.

• balanceo s.m.

• columpio s.m.

• oscilación s.f.

• vaivén s.m.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: swung) = balancear v.

• balancearse v.

• bambalear v.

• cimbrar v.

• columpiar v.

• girar v.

• hacer oscilar v.

• hamaquear v.

• mecer v.

• menear v.

• ondear v.

• remecer v.

I
1. swɪŋ
(past & past p swung) intransitive verb

1)

a) (hang, dangle) balancearse; ( on a swing) columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*; \<\<pendulum\>\> oscilar

b) ( convey oneself)

the monkeys swung from tree to tree — los monos saltaban de árbol en árbol colgados or (Col, Méx, Ven) guindados de las ramas (or de las lianas etc)

2)

a) ( move on pivot)

the door swung open/shut o to — la puerta se abrió/se cerró

the door was swinging in the wind — la puerta se mecía con el viento

b) ( turn) girar or doblar ( describiendo una curva)

the ball swung away — la pelota salió desviada

3) (shift, change) \<\<opinion/mood\>\> cambiar, oscilar

his views swing from one extreme to another — sus ideas pasan de un extremo a otro

the country is swinging to the left — el país está virando or dando un viraje hacia la izquierda

4)

a)

to swing into something — \<\<into action/operation\>\>

the emergency plans swung into operation/action — se pusieron en marcha los planes de emergencia

b) ( attempt to hit)

to swing AT somebody/something — intentar pegarle or darle a alguien/algo

5) (be lively, up to date) (colloq) \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

2.

vt

1) ( move to and fro) \<\<arms/legs\>\> balancear; \<\<object on rope\>\> hacer* oscilar

to swing one's hips — contonearse, contonear or menear las caderas

2)

a) ( convey)

he swung himself into the saddle — se montó en la silla de un salto

he swung his suitcase up onto the rack — subío la maleta al portaequipaje de un envión

b) (wave, brandish) \<\<club/hammer\>\> blandir

3)

a) (colloq) ( manage) arreglar

if you want that job, I think I can swing it — si quieres ese puesto, creo que puedo arreglarlo

b) ( shift)

this could swing the vote our way — esto podría inclinar la votación a nuestro favor

he managed to swing public opinion behind him — logró poner a la opinión pública de su lado

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- swing around

II

noun

1)

a) c u ( movement) oscilación f, vaivén m

b) c ( distance) arco que describe un objeto que oscila

c) c (blow, stroke) golpe m; (in golf, boxing) swing m

to take a swing at somebody/something — intentar darle a alguien/algo (con un palo, una raqueta etc)

2) c

a) ( shift) cambio m

a swing in public opinion — un cambio or un viraje en la opinión pública

a swing back to traditional values — una vuelta a los valores tradicionales

the swings of the market — ( Fin) las fluctuaciones del mercado

b) ( Pol) viraje m

a swing to the Democrats of 4% — un viraje del 4% en favor de los demócratas

3)

a) u c (rhythm, vitality)

there was a swing in her step — andaba con brío

to be in full swing — estar* en pleno desarrollo

the party was in full swing — la fiesta estaba ya muy animada

exams are in full swing — estamos (or están etc) en plena época de exámenes

to get into the swing of something — agarrarle el ritmo or (Esp) cogerle* el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing — \<\<business/conference\>\> marchar sobre ruedas; \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

b) u ( Mus) swing m

4) c ( Leisure) columpio m or (RPl) hamaca f

to have a swing — columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*

it's a question of swings and roundabouts — (BrE) lo que se pierde en una cosa se gana en la otra

[swɪŋ] (vb: pt, pp swung)
1. N

1) (=movement) [of needle, pointer, boom] movimiento m ; [of pick, axe] movimiento m (amplio); [of pendulum] oscilación f, movimiento m ; (Boxing, Cricket, Golf) (=technique) swing m

with a quick swing of his axe he felled the young tree — con un amplio y rápido movimiento del hacha taló el arbolito

he was out on the course practising his swing — estaba en el campo de golf practicando su swing

• to take a swing at sb * — (with fist) intentar darle un puñetazo a algn; (with weapon) intentar darle un golpe a algn

the golfer took a swing at the ball — el golfista intentó darle a la pelota

2) (=change) (in opinion) cambio m ; (in vote) desplazamiento m

• a sudden swing in opinion — un cambio repentino de opinión

• they need a swing of 5% to win — necesitan un desplazamiento de los votos de un 5% para ganar

the swings of the market — las fluctuaciones del mercado

• a swing to the left — un viraje or desplazamiento hacia la izquierda

3) (=rhythm) (in dance etc) ritmo m

to walk with a swing (in one's step) — andar rítmicamente

music/poetry with a swing to it or that goes with a swing — música/poesía con ritmo or que tiene ritmo

- go with a swing

- be in full swing

- get into the swing of things

4) (also: swing music) swing m, música f swing

5) (=scope, freedom)

• he was given full swing to make decisions — le dieron carta blanca para que tomara decisiones

he gave his imagination full swing — dio rienda suelta a su imaginación

6) (=garden swing) columpio m

• to have a swing — columpiarse

- it's swings and roundabouts

2. VI

1) (=move to and fro) [hanging object, hammock] balancearse; [pendulum, pointer] oscilar; [person] (on swing, hammock) columpiarse

it swings in the wind — se balancea al viento

he was sitting on the end of the table, his legs swinging — estaba sentado en el borde de la mesa, columpiando las piernas

• her handbag swung back and forth or to and fro as she walked — su bolso se balanceaba (de un lado al otro) al andar

the pendulum swung back and forth or to and fro — el péndulo oscilaba or se movía de un lado para otro

• a revolver swung from his belt — un revólver colgaba de su cinturón

he was swinging from a trapeze — se columpiaba colgado de un trapecio

2) (=pivot) girar

the door swings on its hinges — la puerta gira sobre sus goznes

• he was hit by the car door as it swung back — la puerta del coche le golpeó al volver a cerrarse

• to swing open/ shut — abrirse/cerrarse

• the bar swung round and hit him in the jaw — la barra giró y le dio en la mandíbula

- now the pendulum has swung back the other way

3)

• to swing at sb (with one's fist) — intentar dar un puñetazo a algn

he swung at me with an axe — intentó darme (un golpe) con un hacha

he swung at the ball — intentó dar a la pelota

4) (=turn)

• the car swung into the square — el coche viró or dio un viraje y entró en la plaza

he swung out to overtake — viró or dio un viraje para adelantar
swing round
5) (=jump)

• he swung across the river on a rope — cruzó el río colgado de una cuerda

• I swung down from my bunk — salté de mi litera

• the orang-utang swung from tree to tree — el orangután se columpiaba de árbol en árbol

- swing into action

6) (=move rhythmically)

a group of schoolchildren were swinging along up the road — un grupo de colegiales subían por la calle, andando al compás

as the military band went swinging along up the road... — a medida que la banda militar marchaba siguiendo el compás calle arriba...

music that really swings — música que tiene mucho ritmo

7) * (=be hanged)

he'll swing for it — le colgarán por eso

8) (=change)

• local opinion could swing against the company — la opinión local podría cambiar y ponerse en contra de la empresa

• the balance of power is swinging away from him — la balanza del poder se está inclinando hacia el lado contrario al suyo

• the currency should swing back to its previous level — es de esperar que las divisas vuelvan a su nivel anterior

• to swing to the left/right — dar un viraje hacia la izquierda or derecha

9) (Psych) [mood] cambiar

his mood swings wildly — le cambia el humor de forma descontrolada

10) * (=be lively) [entertainment, party] ambientarse; [place] tener ambiente

the party's beginning to swing — la fiesta está empezando a ambientarse

11) ** (sexually)

everyone seemed to be swinging in those days — en aquellos tiempos parecía que a todo el mundo le iba la marcha **

- swing both ways

3. VT

1) (=move to and fro) [+ bag, arms, legs] columpiar, balancear

• he was swinging his bag back and forth or to and fro — columpiaba or balanceaba la bolsa de un lado al otro

• to swing one's hips — andar contoneándose

- there isn't enough room in here to swing a cat

- swing the lead

2) (=pivot) [+ door]

he swung the door open/closed — abrió/cerró la puerta de un golpe

3) (=move)

a) [+ weapon] blandir

• he swung his sword above his head — blandió la espada por encima de la cabeza

• he swung his axe at the tree — blandió el hacha con intención de darle al árbol

he swung his racket at the ball — intentó darle a la pelota con la raqueta

• he swung his case down from the rack — bajó su maleta de la rejilla portaequipajes con un rápido movimiento del brazo

• Roy swung his legs off the couch — Roy quitó rápidamente las piernas del sofá

• he swung the box up onto the roof of the car — con un amplio movimiento de brazos, puso la caja en el techo del coche

he swung the case up onto his shoulder — se echó la maleta a los hombros

b) (reflexive)

• he swung himself across the stream — cruzó el arroyo de un salto

• to swing o.s. (up) into the saddle — subirse a la silla de montar de un salto

• he swung himself over the wall — saltó la tapia apoyándose en un brazo

4) (=turn)

• he swung the car off the road — viró con el coche y se salió de la carretera

5) (=influence) [+ opinion, decision, vote, voters] decidir; [+ outcome] determinar, decidir

• his speech swung the decision against us — su discurso dio un giro a la decisión desfavorable para nosotros

• the promised tax cuts could swing the vote in our favour — los recortes prometidos en los impuestos podrían hacer cambiar el voto a nuestro favor

• she managed to swing it so that we could all go — consiguió arreglarlo para que todos pudiéramos ir

what swung it for me was... — lo que me decidió fue...

• it could swing the election his way — podría decidir el resultado de las elecciones a su favor

6) (Mus) [+ tune] tocar con swing

4.

CPD

swing band N — (Mus) banda f de música swing

swing bin N — cubo m de la basura (con tapa oscilante)

swing bridge N — puente m giratorio

swing door N — puerta f de batiente, puerta f de vaivén

swing music N — música f swing

swing vote N — (esp US) voto m de los indecisos

swing voter N — (esp US) indeciso(-a) m / f

- swing by

- swing round

- swing to

* * *

I
1. [swɪŋ]
(past & past p swung) intransitive verb

1)

a) (hang, dangle) balancearse; ( on a swing) columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*; \<\<pendulum\>\> oscilar

b) ( convey oneself)

the monkeys swung from tree to tree — los monos saltaban de árbol en árbol colgados or (Col, Méx, Ven) guindados de las ramas (or de las lianas etc)

2)

a) ( move on pivot)

the door swung open/shut o to — la puerta se abrió/se cerró

the door was swinging in the wind — la puerta se mecía con el viento

b) ( turn) girar or doblar ( describiendo una curva)

the ball swung away — la pelota salió desviada

3) (shift, change) \<\<opinion/mood\>\> cambiar, oscilar

his views swing from one extreme to another — sus ideas pasan de un extremo a otro

the country is swinging to the left — el país está virando or dando un viraje hacia la izquierda

4)

a)

to swing into something — \<\<into action/operation\>\>

the emergency plans swung into operation/action — se pusieron en marcha los planes de emergencia

b) ( attempt to hit)

to swing AT somebody/something — intentar pegarle or darle a alguien/algo

5) (be lively, up to date) (colloq) \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

2.

vt

1) ( move to and fro) \<\<arms/legs\>\> balancear; \<\<object on rope\>\> hacer* oscilar

to swing one's hips — contonearse, contonear or menear las caderas

2)

a) ( convey)

he swung himself into the saddle — se montó en la silla de un salto

he swung his suitcase up onto the rack — subío la maleta al portaequipaje de un envión

b) (wave, brandish) \<\<club/hammer\>\> blandir

3)

a) (colloq) ( manage) arreglar

if you want that job, I think I can swing it — si quieres ese puesto, creo que puedo arreglarlo

b) ( shift)

this could swing the vote our way — esto podría inclinar la votación a nuestro favor

he managed to swing public opinion behind him — logró poner a la opinión pública de su lado

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- swing around

II

noun

1)

a) c u ( movement) oscilación f, vaivén m

b) c ( distance) arco que describe un objeto que oscila

c) c (blow, stroke) golpe m; (in golf, boxing) swing m

to take a swing at somebody/something — intentar darle a alguien/algo (con un palo, una raqueta etc)

2) c

a) ( shift) cambio m

a swing in public opinion — un cambio or un viraje en la opinión pública

a swing back to traditional values — una vuelta a los valores tradicionales

the swings of the market — ( Fin) las fluctuaciones del mercado

b) ( Pol) viraje m

a swing to the Democrats of 4% — un viraje del 4% en favor de los demócratas

3)

a) u c (rhythm, vitality)

there was a swing in her step — andaba con brío

to be in full swing — estar* en pleno desarrollo

the party was in full swing — la fiesta estaba ya muy animada

exams are in full swing — estamos (or están etc) en plena época de exámenes

to get into the swing of something — agarrarle el ritmo or (Esp) cogerle* el tranquillo a algo

to go with a swing — \<\<business/conference\>\> marchar sobre ruedas; \<\<party\>\> estar* muy animado

b) u ( Mus) swing m

4) c ( Leisure) columpio m or (RPl) hamaca f

to have a swing — columpiarse or (RPl) hamacarse*

it's a question of swings and roundabouts — (BrE) lo que se pierde en una cosa se gana en la otra

English-spanish dictionary > swing
14 up

(to become covered (as if) with mist: The mirror misted over; The windscreen misted up.) cubrirse, empañarse

up¹ adv

1. arriba

the trunk is up in the attic el baúl está arriba en el desván

2. levantado

John isn't up yet John todavía no se ha levantado

3.

a strange man came up to me se me acercó un hombre extraño

4. más alto / más caro

house prices are up el precio de la vivienda ha subido

up to / up until hasta

the plane can carry up to 150 people el avión puede llevar hasta 150 personas

I've never thought about it up to now nunca había pensado en ello hasta ahora

she lived at home up until she got married vivió en casa de sus padres hasta que se casó

to be up to somebody depender de alguien

to be up to something estar tramando algo

what are you three up to? vosotros tres, ¿qué estáis tramando?

to feel up to something sentirse capaz de algo / sentirse con fuerzas para algo

do you feel up to going to work? ¿te sientes con fuerzas para ir a trabajar?

what's up? ¿qué pasa? / ¿qué ocurre?

up² prep

1.

we walked up the hill subimos la colina andando

she climbed up the tree trepó al árbol

2. por

he walked up the road caminaba por la calle

they live up the road viven calle arriba

up and down de arriba para abajo / de un lado a otro

he walked up and down the room iba de un lado a otro de la habitación

up

tr[ʌp]

adverb

1 (upwards) hacia arriba, arriba

■ to sit up in bed incorporarse

■ he walked up to the top subió andando hasta arriba

■ he left the book face up on the table dejó el libro boca arriba en la mesa

2 (out of bed) levantado,-a

■ he isn't up yet aún no se ha levantado

3 (sun, moon)

■ the sun is up ha salido el sol

4 (roadworks) levantado,-a, en obras

■ 'Road up' "Carretera en obras"

5 (towards) hacia

■ he came up and... se acercó y...

6 (northwards) hacia el norte

■ we went up to Scotland fuimos a Escocia

7 (totally finished) acabado,-a

■ eat it up acábatelo, cómetelo todo

■ your time's up se te ha acabado el tiempo

8 (into pieces) a trozos, a porciones, a raciones

■ she cut it up into three lo cortó en tres trozos

preposition

1 (movement)

■ to go up the stairs subir la escalera

■ to run up the street ir corriendo calle arriba

2 (position) en lo alto de

■ up a tree en lo alto de un árbol

transitive verb (pt & pp upped, ger upping)

1 subir, aumentar

■ they've upped the prices han subido los precios

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

it's not up to much familiar no vale gran cosa

it's up to you familiar es cosa tuya

to be on the up and up familiar ir cada vez mejor

to be up in arms estar en pie de guerra

■ the people are up in arms about the new taxes la gente está en pie de guerra por los nuevos impuestos

to be up to something (doing something) estar haciendo algo; (secretively) estar tramando algo 2 (equal to) estar a la altura de algo; (strong enough for) sentirse con fuerzas de hacer algo

■ he's not up to the challenge no está a la altura del desafío

■ are you up to going to work? ¿te sientes con fuerzas de ir a trabajar?

to up and go familiar coger e irse

up to hasta

up yours! taboo ¡métetelo por el culo!

well up in something saber mucho de algo

what's up? familiar ¿qué pasa?

ups and downs altibajos nombre masculino plural

up ['ʌp] v, upped ['ʌpt] ; upping ; ups vt

increase: aumentar, subir

they upped the prices: aumentaron los precios

up vi

to up and : agarrar y fam

she up and left: agarró y se fue

up adv

1) above: arriba, en lo alto

up in the mountains: arriba en las montañas

2) upwards: hacia arriba

push it up: empújalo hacia arriba

the sun came up: el sol salió

prices went up: los precios subieron

3) (indicating an upright position or waking state)

to sit up: ponerse derecho

they got up late: se levantaron tarde

I stayed up all night: pasé toda la noche sin dormir

4) (indicating volume or intensity)

to speak up: hablar más fuerte

5) (indicating a northerly direction)

the climate up north: el clima del norte

I'm going up to Canada: voy para Canadá

6) (indicating the appearance or existence of something)

the book turned up: el libro apareció

7) (indicating consideration)

she brought the matter up: mencionó el asunto

8) completely: completamente

eat it up: cómetelo todo

9) : en pedazos

he tore it up: lo rompió en pedazos

10) (indicating a stopping)

the car pulled up to the curb: el carro paró al borde de la acera

11) (indicating an even score)

the game was 10 up: empataron a 10

up adj

1) (risen above the horizon)

the sun is up: ha salido el sol

2) (being above a normal or former level)

prices are up: los precios han aumentado

the river is up: las aguas están altas

3) : despierto, levantado

up all night: despierto toda la noche

4) built: construido

the house is up: la casa está construida

5) open: abierto

the windows are up: las ventanas están abiertas

6) (moving or going upward)

the up staircase: la escalera para subir

7) abreast: enterado, al día, al corriente

to be up on the news: estar al corriente de las noticias

8) prepared: preparado

we were up for the test: estuvimos preparados para el examen

9) finished: terminado, acabado

time is up: se ha terminado el tiempo permitido

10)

to be up : pasar

what's up?: ¿qué pasa?

up prep

1) (to, toward, or at a higher point of)

he went up the stairs: subió la escalera

2) (to or toward the source of)

to go up the river: ir río arriba

3) along: a lo largo, por

up the coast: a lo largo de la costa

just up the way: un poco más adelante

up and down the city: por toda la ciudad

up

adj.

• alto, -a adj.

• elevado, -a adj.

adv.

• alto adv.

• arriba adv.

• hacia arriba adv.

interj.

• upa interj.

n.

• prosperidad s.f.

• subida s.f.

prep.

• arriba de prep.

I ʌp
1) adverb

Sense I

2)

a) ( in upward direction)

up a bit... left a bit — un poco más arriba... un poco a la izquierda

we went all the way up to the top — subimos hasta la cima

we saw them on the way up — los vimos cuando subíamos

from the waist up — desde la cintura para arriba

up United! — (BrE) arriba el United!

b) ( upstairs)

I dashed back up to fetch my jacket — volví a subir corriendo a buscar mi chaqueta

3)

a) ( of position) arriba

up here/there — aquí/allí arriba

300ft up — a una altura de 300 pies

b) (upstairs, on upper floor)

your book is up in my room — tu libro está arriba en mi habitación

c) (raised, pointing upward)

with the lid/blinds up — con la tapa levantada/las persianas levantadas or subidas

face up — boca arriba

d) ( removed)

I had the floorboards up — había quitado or levantado las tablas del suelo

4)

a) ( upright)

the nurse helped him up — la enfermera lo ayudó a sentarse

b) ( out of bed)

they're not up yet — todavía no se han levantado

we were up all night — pasamos la noche en vela

she's up and about again — (colloq) está dando guerra otra vez (fam)

5)

a) (of numbers, volume, intensity)

she had the volume up high — tenía el volumen muy alto

prices are 5% up o up (by) 5% on last month — los precios han aumentado un 5% con respecto al mes pasado

from $25/the age of 11 up — a partir de 25 dólares/de los 11 años

b) (in league, table, hierarchy)

up ten places from last year — diez puestos más arriba que el año pasado

it's a step up for me — para mí es un paso adelante

from the rank of lieutenant up — desde el rango de teniente para arriba

6)

a) ( in or toward north)

up north — en el norte

the journey up from Munich — el viaje desde Munich hacia el norte

b) ( at or to another place)

the path up to the house — el sendero hasta la casa

I'm going up to John's for the weekend — voy a casa de John a pasar el fin de semana

to go up to town — (esp BrE) ir* a la ciudad (or a Londres etc)

7) (in position, erected)

is the tent up? — ¿ya han armado la tienda or (AmL) la carpa?

the pictures/shelves are up — los cuadros/estantes están colocados or puestos

8) ( going on) (colloq)

what's up with you? — ¿a ti qué te pasa?

what's up? — (what's the matter?) ¿qué pasa?; ( as greeting) (AmE) ¿qué hay? (colloq), ¿qué onda? (AmL arg), ¿qué hubo or quiubo? (Chi, Col, Méx, Ven fam)

9) ( finished)

your time is up — se te ha acabado el tiempo

10) ( Sport)

a) ( ahead in competition)

they're three goals up on the home team — le van ganando por tres goles al equipo local

to be one up on somebody — tener* una ventaja sobre algn

b) ( for each side) (AmE)

the game was tied 15 up — empataron 15 a 15

11) ( under consideration)

she will be up before the board/judge — comparecerá ante la junta/el juez

Sense II

12) (in phrases)

up against

a) ( next to) contra

b) ( confronted by)

you don't know what you're up against — no sabes a lo que te enfrentas

to be up against it — estar* contra las cuerdas

13) up and down

a) ( vertically)

to jump up and down — dar* saltos

to look somebody up and down — mirar a algn de arriba abajo

b) ( back and forth) de arriba abajo

c) ( of mood)

she's been rather up and down — ha tenido bastantes altibajos de humor

14)

up for — ( subject to)

the motion up for debate today — la moción que sale hoy a debate or se debate hoy

there are five nominees up for treasurer — hay cinco candidatos a tesorero

15)

up on — ( knowledgeable) (pred)

how well up are you on what's been happening? — ¿cuánto sabes or qué tan enterado estás de lo que ha estado sucediendo?

16)

up till o until — hasta

Sense III

17) up to

18) (as far as, as much as) hasta

up to here/now/a certain point — hasta aquí/ahora/cierto punto

up to twice as big — hasta el doble de grande

19)

a) ( equal to)

it isn't up to the usual standard — no es del alto nivel al que estamos acostumbrados; come up to b)

b) ( capable of)

she's not up to the job — no tiene las condiciones necesarias para el trabajo, no puede con el trabajo (fam)

do you feel up to going out? — ¿te sientes con fuerzas/ánimos (como) para salir?

my spelling is not up to much — (BrE) mi ortografía deja bastante que desear

20) ( depending on)

that's entirely up to you — eso, como tú quieras

it's not up to me to decide — no me corresponde a mí decidir, no soy yo quien tiene que decidir

21)

to be up to something — (colloq)

they're up to their usual tricks — están haciendo de las suyas

I'm sure they're up to something — ( planning) estoy segura de que algo están tramando or algo se traen entre manos; ( doing) estoy segura de que algo (or alguna travesura etc) están haciendo

she's up to no good — no anda en nada bueno

what have you been up to lately? — ¿en qué has andado últimamente?

II

preposition

1)

a) ( in upward direction)

to go up the stairs/hill — subir la escalera/colina

he hid the money up the chimney — escondió el dinero en la chimenea

b) ( at higher level)

80ft up the cliff — a 80 pies del pie del acantilado

further up the salary scale — más arriba en el escalafón

2)

a) ( along)

to go/come up the river — ir*/venir* por el río

the journey up the coast — el viaje a lo largo de la costa

he travels up and down the country — viaja por todo el país

she walked up and down the room — iba de un lado a otro de la habitación

b) ( further along)

it's just up the road — está un poco más allá or adelante

III

adjective

1) (before n) ( going upward)

the up escalator — la escalera mecánica para subir

2) ( elated) (AmE colloq) (pred)

I feel really up at the moment — me siento como en las nubes

IV
1.

- pp- transitive verb (colloq) \<\<price/costs\>\> aumentar, subir; <bid/offer> aumentar, superar

2.

up vi

to up and go — agarrar or (esp Esp) coger* e irse*

V

noun

to be on the up and up — (colloq) ( honest) (AmE) \<\<businessman/salesperson\>\> ser* de buena ley, ser* de fiar; ( succeeding) (BrE) \<\<business/company\>\> marchar or ir* cada vez mejor, estar* en alza

life's little ups and downs — las vicisitudes de la vida

their marriage has had its ups and downs — su matrimonio ha tenido sus altibajos

[ʌp] When up is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg come up, throw up, walk up, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg the way up, close up, look up the other word.
1. ADVERB

1) (direction) hacia arriba, para arriba

he looked up — (towards sky) miró hacia or para arriba

• to walk up and down — pasearse de un lado para otro or de arriba abajo

he's been up and down all evening — no ha parado quieto en toda la tarde

she's still a bit up and down — todavía tiene sus altibajos

• to stop halfway up — pararse a mitad de la subida

• to throw sth up in the air — lanzar algo al aire

• he walked/ran up to the house — caminó/corrió hasta la casa

a blond boy went up to her — un chico rubio le acercó

2) (position)

the people three floors up (from me) — los que viven tres pisos más arriba

• up above (us) we could see a ledge — por encima (de nosotros) or sobre nuestras cabezas podíamos ver una cornisa

from up above — desde arriba

• my office is five floors up — mi oficina está en el quinto piso

• higher up — más arriba

• up in the mountains — montaña arriba

up in the sky — en lo alto del cielo

• the jug's up there, on the freezer — la jarra está ahí arriba, en el congelador

the castle's up there, on top of the hill — el castillo está allí arriba, en la cima del monte

3) (in northern place, capital etc)

we're up for the day — hemos venido a pasar el día

when you're next up this way — la próxima vez que pases por aquí

• how long have you lived up here? — ¿cuánto tiempo llevas viviendo aquí?

when you're next up here — la próxima vez que pases por aquí

• he lives up in Scotland — vive en Escocia

up in London — (allá) en Londres

• up north — en el norte

• how long did you live up there? — ¿cuánto tiempo estuviste viviendo allí or allá?

the next time you're up there — la próxima vez que pases por allí or allá

• to go up to London/to university — ir a Londres/a la universidad

4) (=standing) de pie

while you're up, can you get me a glass of water? — ya que estás de pie, ¿me puedes traer un vaso de agua?

the ladder was up against the wall — la escalera estaba apoyada en or contra la pared

5) (=out of bed)

to be up — (=get up) levantarse; (=be active) estar levantado

we were up at 7 — nos levantamos a las 7

what time will you be up — ¿a qué hora te levantarás?

is Peter up yet? — ¿está levantado Peter?

I'm usually up by 7 o'clock — normalmente a las 7 estoy levantado

we were still up at midnight — a medianoche seguíamos sin acostarnos, a medianoche todavía estábamos levantados

• she was up and about at 6 a.m. — lleva en pie desde las 6 de la mañana

to be up and about again — [sick person] estar repuesto

• to be up all night — no acostarse en toda la noche

• get up! — ¡levántate!

6) (=raised)

with his head up (high) — con la cabeza bien levantada or erguida

several children had their hands up — varios niños habían levantado la mano

the blinds were up — las persianas estaban subidas or levantadas

he sat in the car with the windows up — se sentó en el coche con las ventanillas subidas

this side up — este lado hacia arriba

look, the flag is up! — mira, la bandera está izada

7) (in price, value)

potatoes are up — han subido las patatas

the thermometer is up 2 degrees — el termómetro ha subido 2 grados

• the interest rate has risen sharply, up from 3% to 5% — los tipos de interés han subido bruscamente del 3% al 5%

• the temperature was up in the forties — la temperatura estaba por encima de los cuarenta

• prices are up on last year — los precios han subido desde el año pasado, del año pasado a este los precios han subido

8) (in score)

we're a goal up — llevamos un tanto de ventaja

we were 20 points up on them — les llevábamos una ventaja de 20 puntos

9) (in terms of excellence)

• to be up among or with the leaders — estar a la altura de los líderes

• she's right up there with the jazz greats — está en la cumbre con los grandes del jazz

10) (=built, installed)

the new building isn't up yet — el nuevo edificio no está construido todavía, no han levantado el nuevo edificio todavía

the tent isn't up yet — la tienda todavía no está puesta

the scaffolding is now up — el andamio está puesto ahora

the notice about the outing is up — el cartel de la excursión está puesto

we've got the pictures up at last — por fin hemos puesto or colgado los cuadros

the curtains are up — las cortinas están colocadas

11) (=finished) [contract etc] vencido, caducado

when the period is up — cuando termine el plazo, cuando venza el plazo

his holiday is up — han terminado ya sus vacaciones

time is up — se ha acabado el tiempo

time is up, put down your pens — se ha acabado el tiempo, dejen los bolígrafos sobre la mesa

time is up for the people living here, their homes are to be demolished — a la gente que vive aquí le toca marcharse, están derribando sus casas

our time here is up — no podemos quedarnos más tiempo aquí

12) (=and over)

• from £2 up — de 2 libras para arriba

from the age of 13 up — a partir de los 13 años

13) (=knowledgeable)

• he's well up in or on British politics — está muy al corriente or al día en lo referente a la política británica

how are you up on your military history? — ¿cómo andan tus conocimientos de historia militar?

14) * (=wrong)

• there's something up with him — algo le pasa

there's something up with the TV — le pasa algo a la tele

• what's up? — ¿qué pasa?

what's up with him? — ¿que le pasa?

15) (in running order)

first up — el primero (de la lista)

next up — el siguiente (de la lista)

16) (Jur)

her case isn't due up until next week — su caso no se verá hasta la próxima semana

to be up before the judge/board — [person] (tener que) comparecer ante el juez/el consejo; [case, matter] verse ante el juez/en el consejo

17) (=risen)

• the river is up — el río ha subido

• the sun is up — ha salido el sol

• the tide is up — la marea está alta

- his blood is up

18) (Brit) (=under repair)

the road is up — la calle está en obras

19) (US)
(Culin) *
two fried eggs, up — un par de huevos fritos boca arriba

a bourbon (straight) up — un bourbon sin hielo

20) (=mounted)

a horse with Dettori up — un caballo montado por Dettori

21) (in exclamations)

up (with) Celtic! — ¡arriba el Celtic!

22) (in set expressions)
up against
he's really up against it — ahora sí que está en un aprieto

to be up against sb — tener que habérselas con algn, tener que enfrentarse a algn
up and running
to be up and running — estar en funcionamiento

to get sth up and running — poner algo en funcionamiento
up for sth
three seats are up for election — tres escaños salen a elecciones

most politicians up for reelection know this — (=seeking) la mayoría de los políticos que se presentan a la reelección lo saben

every two years, a third of the Senate comes up for election — cada dos años se renueva una tercera parte del Senado

to be up for sth * — (=ready, willing) tener ganas de algo

are you up for it? — ¿estás dispuesto?
up to (=till, as far as) hasta
up to now — hasta ahora, hasta la fecha

up to this week — hasta esta semana

up to here — hasta aquí

up to £10 — hasta 10 libras nada más

to count up to 100 — contar hasta 100

we were up to our knees/waist in water — el agua nos llegaba por or hasta las rodillas/la cintura

what page are you up to? — ¿por qué página vas?

to be up to a task — (=capable of) estar a la altura de una tarea, estar en condiciones de realizar una tarea

to be up to doing sth — estar en condiciones de hacer algo

they weren't up to running a company — no estaban en condiciones de gestionar una empresa, no estaban a la altura necesaria para gestionar una empresa
to be {or}3} feel up to sth
are you (feeling) up to going for a walk? — ¿te sientes con ganas de dar un paseo?

I don't feel up to going out — no tengo ánimos para salir
including to be up to sth * (=doing)
what are you up to? — ¿qué andas haciendo?

what are you up to with that knife? — ¿qué haces con ese cuchillo?

he's up to something — está tramando algo

what does he think he's up to? — ¿qué diablos piensa hacer?

I see what you're up to — te veo venir

what have you been up to lately? — ¿qué has estado haciendo últimamente?
to be up to a standard/to much (=equal to)
it isn't up to his usual standard — no está a su nivel de siempre

the book isn't up to much — (Brit) * el libro no vale mucho
to be up to sb (=depend on)
it's up to you to decide — te toca (a ti) decidir

I feel it is up to me to tell him — creo que me corresponde a mí decírselo

I wouldn't do it but it's up to you — yo (que tú) no lo haría, pero allá tú or tú verás

I'd go, but it's up to you — por mí iría, pero depende de ti

if it were or was up to me — si dependiera de mí

2. PREPOSITION

1) (=on top of) en lo alto de, arriba de (LAm)

he was up a ladder pruning the apple trees — estaba subido a una escalera or en lo alto de una escalera podando los manzanos

to be up a tree — estar en lo alto de or (LAm) arriba de un árbol

2) (=along, towards the top)

he went off up the road — se fue calle arriba

put your handkerchief up your sleeve — guárdate el pañuelo dentro de la manga

the heat disappears straight up the chimney — el calor se escapa chimenea arriba, el calor se escapa por lo alto de la chimenea

• to travel up and down the country — viajar por todo el país

people up and down the country are saying... — la gente por todo el país dice...

• they live further up the road — viven en esta calle pero más arriba

further up the page — en la misma página, más arriba

• halfway up the stairs — a mitad de la escalera

halfway up the mountain — a mitad de la subida de la montaña

• up north — en el norte

• up river — río arriba

3)

• up yours! *** — ¡vete a hacer puñetas! ***

3. NOUN

1)

• ups and downs — altibajos mpl, vicisitudes fpl

the ups and downs that every politician is faced with — los altibajos a que se enfrenta todo político, las vicisitudes a que está sometido todo político

after many ups and downs — después de mil peripecias

2)

• it's on the up and up — (Brit) (=improving) va cada vez mejor; (US) (=above board) está en regla

4. ADJECTIVE

1) (Rail) [train, line] ascendente

2) (=elated)

to be up * — estar en plena forma

5. INTRANSITIVE VERB
*
1) (=jump up)

he upped and hit him — se levantó (de un salto) y le pegó

2) emphatic

• she upped and left — (=stood up) se levantó y se marchó, se levantó y se largó *; (=went) fue y se marchó, fue y se largó *

• he upped and offed — se largó sin más *

6.

TRANSITIVE VERB (=raise) † [+ price, offer] subir, aumentar

• to up anchor — levar el ancla

* * *

I [ʌp]
1) adverb

Sense I

2)

a) ( in upward direction)

up a bit... left a bit — un poco más arriba... un poco a la izquierda

we went all the way up to the top — subimos hasta la cima

we saw them on the way up — los vimos cuando subíamos

from the waist up — desde la cintura para arriba

up United! — (BrE) arriba el United!

b) ( upstairs)

I dashed back up to fetch my jacket — volví a subir corriendo a buscar mi chaqueta

3)

a) ( of position) arriba

up here/there — aquí/allí arriba

300ft up — a una altura de 300 pies

b) (upstairs, on upper floor)

your book is up in my room — tu libro está arriba en mi habitación

c) (raised, pointing upward)

with the lid/blinds up — con la tapa levantada/las persianas levantadas or subidas

face up — boca arriba

d) ( removed)

I had the floorboards up — había quitado or levantado las tablas del suelo

4)

a) ( upright)

the nurse helped him up — la enfermera lo ayudó a sentarse

b) ( out of bed)

they're not up yet — todavía no se han levantado

we were up all night — pasamos la noche en vela

she's up and about again — (colloq) está dando guerra otra vez (fam)

5)

a) (of numbers, volume, intensity)

she had the volume up high — tenía el volumen muy alto

prices are 5% up o up (by) 5% on last month — los precios han aumentado un 5% con respecto al mes pasado

from $25/the age of 11 up — a partir de 25 dólares/de los 11 años

b) (in league, table, hierarchy)

up ten places from last year — diez puestos más arriba que el año pasado

it's a step up for me — para mí es un paso adelante

from the rank of lieutenant up — desde el rango de teniente para arriba

6)

a) ( in or toward north)

up north — en el norte

the journey up from Munich — el viaje desde Munich hacia el norte

b) ( at or to another place)

the path up to the house — el sendero hasta la casa

I'm going up to John's for the weekend — voy a casa de John a pasar el fin de semana

to go up to town — (esp BrE) ir* a la ciudad (or a Londres etc)

7) (in position, erected)

is the tent up? — ¿ya han armado la tienda or (AmL) la carpa?

the pictures/shelves are up — los cuadros/estantes están colocados or puestos

8) ( going on) (colloq)

what's up with you? — ¿a ti qué te pasa?

what's up? — (what's the matter?) ¿qué pasa?; ( as greeting) (AmE) ¿qué hay? (colloq), ¿qué onda? (AmL arg), ¿qué hubo or quiubo? (Chi, Col, Méx, Ven fam)

9) ( finished)

your time is up — se te ha acabado el tiempo

10) ( Sport)

a) ( ahead in competition)

they're three goals up on the home team — le van ganando por tres goles al equipo local

to be one up on somebody — tener* una ventaja sobre algn

b) ( for each side) (AmE)

the game was tied 15 up — empataron 15 a 15

11) ( under consideration)

she will be up before the board/judge — comparecerá ante la junta/el juez

Sense II

12) (in phrases)

up against

a) ( next to) contra

b) ( confronted by)

you don't know what you're up against — no sabes a lo que te enfrentas

to be up against it — estar* contra las cuerdas

13) up and down

a) ( vertically)

to jump up and down — dar* saltos

to look somebody up and down — mirar a algn de arriba abajo

b) ( back and forth) de arriba abajo

c) ( of mood)

she's been rather up and down — ha tenido bastantes altibajos de humor

14)

up for — ( subject to)

the motion up for debate today — la moción que sale hoy a debate or se debate hoy

there are five nominees up for treasurer — hay cinco candidatos a tesorero

15)

up on — ( knowledgeable) (pred)

how well up are you on what's been happening? — ¿cuánto sabes or qué tan enterado estás de lo que ha estado sucediendo?

16)

up till o until — hasta

Sense III

17) up to

18) (as far as, as much as) hasta

up to here/now/a certain point — hasta aquí/ahora/cierto punto

up to twice as big — hasta el doble de grande

19)

a) ( equal to)

it isn't up to the usual standard — no es del alto nivel al que estamos acostumbrados; come up to b)

b) ( capable of)

she's not up to the job — no tiene las condiciones necesarias para el trabajo, no puede con el trabajo (fam)

do you feel up to going out? — ¿te sientes con fuerzas/ánimos (como) para salir?

my spelling is not up to much — (BrE) mi ortografía deja bastante que desear

20) ( depending on)

that's entirely up to you — eso, como tú quieras

it's not up to me to decide — no me corresponde a mí decidir, no soy yo quien tiene que decidir

21)

to be up to something — (colloq)

they're up to their usual tricks — están haciendo de las suyas

I'm sure they're up to something — ( planning) estoy segura de que algo están tramando or algo se traen entre manos; ( doing) estoy segura de que algo (or alguna travesura etc) están haciendo

she's up to no good — no anda en nada bueno

what have you been up to lately? — ¿en qué has andado últimamente?

II

preposition

1)

a) ( in upward direction)

to go up the stairs/hill — subir la escalera/colina

he hid the money up the chimney — escondió el dinero en la chimenea

b) ( at higher level)

80ft up the cliff — a 80 pies del pie del acantilado

further up the salary scale — más arriba en el escalafón

2)

a) ( along)

to go/come up the river — ir*/venir* por el río

the journey up the coast — el viaje a lo largo de la costa

he travels up and down the country — viaja por todo el país

she walked up and down the room — iba de un lado a otro de la habitación

b) ( further along)

it's just up the road — está un poco más allá or adelante

III

adjective

1) (before n) ( going upward)

the up escalator — la escalera mecánica para subir

2) ( elated) (AmE colloq) (pred)

I feel really up at the moment — me siento como en las nubes

IV
1.

- pp- transitive verb (colloq) \<\<price/costs\>\> aumentar, subir; <bid/offer> aumentar, superar

2.

up vi

to up and go — agarrar or (esp Esp) coger* e irse*

V

noun

to be on the up and up — (colloq) ( honest) (AmE) \<\<businessman/salesperson\>\> ser* de buena ley, ser* de fiar; ( succeeding) (BrE) \<\<business/company\>\> marchar or ir* cada vez mejor, estar* en alza

life's little ups and downs — las vicisitudes de la vida

their marriage has had its ups and downs — su matrimonio ha tenido sus altibajos

English-spanish dictionary > up
15 frei

I Adj.

1. free; freier Bürger HIST. freeborn citizen, freeman; ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent; sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes; ich bin so frei altm. oder hum. sich bedienend etc.: if I may; ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car

2. Wahl, Wille etc.: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained; „frei ab 16“ Film: 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), Am. etwa R(-rated); jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig. there’s nothing to stop us now; auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large; jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set s.o. free, let s.o. go; das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression); aus freien Stücken oder freiem Willen of one’s own free will; die freie Wahl haben zwischen... und... be free to choose between... and...

3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc.: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc.: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc.: freelance; die freien Künste the liberal arts; freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); Freie2

4. im Namen von Organisationen etc.: Freie Demokratische Partei (abgek. FDP) Free Democratic Party; Freie Deutsche Jugend (abgek. FDJ) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Youth; Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abgek. FDGB) HIST., ehem. DDR Free German Trade Union Organization; die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen; die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg

5. WIRTS.: im freien Handel available in the shops (Am. in stores); freier Markt open market; Börse: unofficial market; freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy; freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate; ( die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise; die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)

6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc.: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc.: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc.: blank; frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire; freie Stelle vacancy; ist hier oder der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?; der Stuhl / die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free / the line must be left blank; Platz frei lassen / machen für leave / make space for; jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for s.o.; zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; Bahn, Ring, Zimmer

7. (unbedeckt) bare; der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee; den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist

8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open; aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea; auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (EISENB. of line, Straße: of road); in freier Wildbahn in the wild; unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside

9. Tag, Zeit etc.: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy; freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time; nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday; hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?; seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself); sind Sie ( gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?

10. (kostenlos) free (of charge); freier Eintritt admission free ( für to); Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg. von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six; 20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (bes. Am. luggage) allowance of 20kg; frei Haus carriage paid; Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge; dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig. what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate; du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig. you have two tries left

11. frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc.: clear of; von Steuern etc. befreit: exempt from; frei von Schmerzen free from pain; frei von Schulden free from debt; frei von Zusätzen free of additives; niemand ist frei von Fehlern / Vorurteilen nobody is perfect / free from prejudice

12. sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of

13. fig. (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal; freie Liebe free love; sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal

14. fig. Übersetzung: free; freie Hand haben have a free hand ( bei with); jemandem freie Hand lassen give s.o. a free hand ( bei with); aus oder mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw s.th. freehand

15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked; zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player; der freie Mann ( vor der Abwehr) the sweeper

16. POST. (frankiert) prepaid, post paid

17. PHYS.; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc.: free; CHEM. uncombined; im freien Fall in free fall; frei werden Energie etc.: be released; freie Valenzen CHEM. free valencies

II Adv.

1. atmen, herumlaufen etc.: freely; frei geboren freeborn; frei laufende Hühner free-range hens; Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs; frei lebende Tiere wildlife Sg., animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity); frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice

2. herumliegen etc.: openly; frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all; frei stehen Baum, Haus etc.: stand by itself; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked; frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked

3. WIRTS.: frei erhältlich freely available; frei finanziert privately financed; frei konvertierbar freely convertible; frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)

4. TECH.: frei beweglich freely moving, mobile; frei hängend oder schwebend unsupported

5. frei ( und offen) openly, frankly, freely; frank, freiheraus

6. frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone; ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes; einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand; das Kind kann schon frei laufen / stehen the child can walk / stand unaided

7. frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious; das hat er frei erfunden he made that up; frei nach ( einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X

8. (liberal) liberally; frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing

* * *

at liberty (Adv.);

(freimütig) frank (Adj.);

(nicht versklavt) unenslaved (Adj.);

(unbefahren) clear (Adj.);

(unbesetzt) vacant (Adj.);

(unentgeltlich) gratis (Adj.); free (Adj.);

(ungebunden) independent (Adj.); free (Adj.); unfettered (Adj.); unattached (Adj.); unengaged (Adj.)

* * *
[frai]
1. ADJEKTIV

1) = unbehindert free

frei von etw — free of sth

sich von etw frei halten — to avoid sth; von Vorurteilen etc to be free of sth; von Verpflichtungen to keep oneself free of sth

sich von etw frei machen — to free oneself from sth

die Straße frei geben/machen — to open/clear the road

jdm den Weg frei geben — to let sb past or by

sie hatte einen freien Blick aufs Meer — she had a clear view of the sea

der Film ist frei ( für Jugendliche) ab 16 (Jahren) — this film is suitable for persons aged 16 years and over

frei sein (Sport) — to be free or not marked

ich bin so frei (form) — may I?diams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.

freier Durchgang — thoroughfare

von Kiel nach Hamburg hatten wir freie Fahrt — we had a clear run from Kiel to Hamburg

einem Zug freie Fahrt geben — to give a train the " go" signal

der Polizist gab uns freie Fahrt — the policeman signalled (Brit) or signaled (US) us on

für etw freie Fahrt geben (fig) — to give sth the go-ahead

der freie Fall (Phys) — free fall

auf freiem Fuß sein — to be free

freie Hand haben — to have a free hand

jdm freie Hand lassen — to give sb free rein, to give sb a free hand

das Recht der freien Rede or auf freie Rede — the right of free speech, the right to freedom of speech

freie Rhythmen — free verse

aus freien Stücken — of one's own free will

jdm zur freien Verfügung stehen — to be completely at sb's disposal

aus freiem Willen — of one's own free will

freier Zugang — unlimited or unrestricted access

freier Zutritt — unrestricted access

2) = unabhängig free; Schriftsteller, Journalist etc freelance; (= nicht staatlich) privatediams; frei + SubstantivSiehe auch unter dem Eintrag für das jeweilige Substantiv.

freier Beruf — independent profession

Freie Demokratische Partei — Free Democratic Party

Freie Deutsche Jugend (DDR) — youth wing of the former East German Socialist Unity Party

Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DDR) — Trades Union Congress of the former East Germany

Freie Hansestadt Bremen — Free Hansa Town of Bremen

Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg — Free Hansa Town of Hamburg

freier Markt — free market

freie Marktwirtschaft — free-market economy

freier Mitarbeiter — freelance, freelancer

freier Mitarbeiter sein — to be freelance

als freier Mitarbeiter arbeiten — to work freelance

freie Reichsstadt (Hist) — free city of the Empire

freie Tankstelle — independent petrol (Brit) or gas (US) station

die freie Wirtschaft — private enterprise

in die freie Wirtschaft gehen — to go into the private sector

3) = verfügbar Mittel, Geld available; Zeit free

Herr Mayer ist jetzt frei — Mr Mayer is free now

ich bin jetzt frei für ihn — I can see him now; (am Telefon) I can speak to him now

4)

= arbeitsfrei morgen/Mittwoch ist frei — tomorrow/Wednesday is a holiday

See:

→ auch freibekommen, freigeben, freihaben, freinehmen

5)

= ohne Hilfsmittel etw aus freier Hand zeichnen — to draw sth freehand

ein Vortrag in freier Rede — an extemporary talk

6) = unbesetzt Zimmer, Toilette vacant; Taxi for hire

ist hier noch frei?, ist dieser Platz noch frei? — is anyone sitting here?, is this seat free?

im Kino/Flugzeug waren noch zehn freie Plätze — in the cinema/plane there were still ten seats free

"frei" (an Taxi) — "for hire"; (an Toilettentür) "vacant"

"Zimmer frei" — "vacancies"

haben Sie noch etwas frei? (in Hotel) — do you have any vacancies?

bei HarperCollins sind einige Stellen frei — there are some vacancies at HarperCollins

"Ausfahrt/Einfahrt frei halten" — "keep clear"

einen Platz für jdn frei lassen — to keep a seat for sb

für etw Platz frei lassen/machen — to leave/make room for sth

eine Wohnung frei machen — to vacate a flat

7)

= offen unter freiem Himmel — in the open air

im freien Raum (Astron) — in (outer) space

auf freier Strecke (Rail) — between stations

eine Frage/Aussage im freien Raum stehen lassen — to leave a question/statement hanging in mid-air

See:

→ Freie(s), Feld

8) = kostenlos free

Eintritt frei — admission free

frei Schiff — free on board

9) = unkonventionell Sitten, Erziehung liberal

freie Liebe — free love

10) = unbekleidet bare

mit freiem Oberkörper — stripped to the waist

11) = ungeschützt Autor out of copyright

seit die Rechte an Karl May frei geworden sind — since Karl May's books have been out of copyright

2. ADVERB

1) = ungehindert freely; sprechen openly

frei beweglich —

frei hängend — suspended

frei erfunden — purely fictional

er hat das frei erfunden — he made it up

frei schalten und walten — to do what one wants

das ist frei wählbar — you can choose as you please, it's completely optional

frei definierbare Zeichen (Comput) — user-definable characters

frei laufend (Hunde, Katzen) — feral; Huhn free-range

Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern — free-range eggs

frei herumlaufen (inf) — to be free, to be running around free (inf)

der Verbrecher läuft immer noch frei herum — the criminal is still at largediams; frei lebend Wölfe, Mustangherden etc living in the wild; Katzen, Stadttauben feral; Mikroorganismen free-livingdiams; frei stehen (Haus) to stand by itself; (Sport) to be free or not marked

ein frei stehendes Gebäude — a free-standing building → auch cdiams; frei nach based on

frei nach Goethe (Zitat) — as Goethe didn't say

2)

= ungezwungen sich frei und ungezwungen verhalten, frei und locker auftreten — to have a relaxed manner, to be easy-going

sie benimmt sich etwas zu frei — she's rather free in her behaviour (Brit) or behavior (US)

3) = ohne Hilfsmittel unaided, without help

das Kind kann frei stehen — the child can stand on its own or without any help

frei schwimmen — to swim unaided

frei in der Luft schweben — to hang in mid-air

frei sprechen —

frei finanziert (Wohnungsbau) — privately financed

* * *

1) (free from difficulty or obstacles: a clear road ahead.) clear

2) ((often with of) without (risk of) being touched, caught etc: Is the ship clear of the rocks? clear of danger.) clear

3) ((often with of) free: clear of debt; clear of all infection.) clear

4) (allowed to move where one wants; not shut in, tied, fastened etc: The prison door opened, and he was a free man.) free

5) (not forced or persuaded to act, think, speak etc in a particular way: free speech; You are free to think what you like.) free

6) (frank, open and ready to speak: a free manner.) free

7) (not working or having another appointment; not busy: I shall be free at five o'clock.) free

8) (not occupied, not in use: Is this table free?) free

9) free

10) (not tied; free: The horses are loose in the field.) loose

11) (not at work: He's taking tomorrow off; He's off today.) off

12) (empty or unoccupied: a vacant chair; Are there any rooms vacant in this hotel?) vacant

13) (empty or vacant: The room/seat was unoccupied.) unoccupied

14) (not busy: I paint in my unoccupied hours / when I'm otherwise unoccupied.) unoccupied

* * *

frei

[frai]

I. adj

1. (nicht gefangen, unabhängig) free

\freier Autor/Übersetzer freelance writer/translator

die \freie Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg

\freie Kirche free church

ein \freier Mann/eine \freie Frau a free man/woman

ein \freier Gedanke free thought

[Recht auf] \freie Meinungsäußerung [right to] freedom of speech

ein \freier Mensch a free person

\freier Mitarbeiter/ \freie Mitarbeiterin freelance[r]

eine \freie Übersetzung a free translation

etw zur \freien Verfügung haben to have sth at free disposal

\freie Wahl haben to be free to choose

aus \freiem Willen [o \freien Stücken] of one's own free will

es war sein \freier Wille auszuwandern he emigrated of his own free will

\frei und ungebunden footloose and fancy-free

sich akk von etw dat \frei machen to free oneself from sth

2. (freie Zeit) free

ein \freier Tag a holiday; (von Schule, Job) a day off

drei Tage/eine Woche \frei haben to have three days/a week off

nächsten Donnerstag ist \frei, da ist Feiertag we've got next Thursday off - it's a holiday

[sich dat] drei Tage/eine Woche \frei machen [o nehmen] to take three days/a week off

er hat sich \frei genommen, da seine Tochter krank ist he's taken [some] time off because his daughter is ill

\freie Zeit haben to have spare time

3. (verfügbar) available

es sind noch Mittel für kulturelle Veranstaltungen \frei there are still funds available for cultural events

der Film ist ab 14 Jahren \frei the film is suitable for children from 14 years on

sich akk [für jdn/etw] \frei machen to make oneself available [for sb/sth]

▪ \frei [für jdn] sein to be free [to see/speak to sb]

4. (nicht besetzt/belegt) free; am WC vacant

ist dieser Platz noch \frei? is this seat [already] taken?

haben Sie noch ein Zimmer \frei? do you still have a room available?

den Eingang \frei machen to clear the entrance

einen Platz \frei lassen to keep a seat free

einen Platz \frei machen to vacate a seat form

eine \freie Stelle a vacant position

ein \freies Zimmer a vacant room

„Zimmer frei“ “rooms to rent”

5. (kostenlos) free; Lieferung free [of charge]; Postsendung prepaid

der Eintritt ist \frei entrance is free

Kinder unter 6 Jahren sind \frei children below the age of six are admitted free

20 kg Gepäck sind \frei 20 kg of luggage are allowed

„Eintritt \frei“ “admission free”

„Lieferung \frei Haus“ free home delivery

6. (ohne etw)

▪ \frei von etw dat sein to be free of sth

die Straßen sind \frei von Eis the streets are clear of ice

kein Mensch ist \frei von Fehlern nobody is perfect

\frei von Konservierungsstoffen free from preservatives

\frei von Schmerzen sein not to suffer any pain, to be free of pain

\frei von Schuld blameless

7. (ohne Hilfsmittel) off-the-cuff

etw mit \freier Hand zeichnen to draw sth freehand

\freie Rede/ \freier Vortrag impromptu speech/lecture

eine \freie Rede halten to speak off-the-cut

8. (auslassen)

eine Zeile \frei lassen to leave a line free

9. (offen) open

der Zug hält auf \freier Strecke the train stops in the open country

\freie Aussicht [o \freier Blick] unhampered view

\freies Gelände open country

unter \freiem Himmel open air

das \freie Meer the open sea

10. (ungezwungen) free and easy

ihre Auffassungen sind mir doch etwas zu \frei her views are a little too liberal for me

er ist viel \freier geworden he has loosened up a lot fam

hier herrscht ein \freier Ton the atmosphere is very liberal here

\freie Liebe free love

ich bin so \frei (geh) if I may

ich bin so \frei und nehme mir noch ein Stück I'll have another piece if I may

11. (unbehindert) unhampered, unrestrained

\freie Entwicklung free development

12. (unbekleidet) bare

machen Sie bitte Ihren Arm \frei please roll up your sleeve

machen Sie bitte ihren Bauch \frei please uncover your stomach

sich akk \frei machen to get undressed

13. (unbeschrieben) blank

ein \freies Blatt a blank sheet of paper

Platz \frei lassen to leave a blank

14. (nicht gebunden) free, single

seit er sich von seiner Freundin getrennt hat, ist er wieder frei since he has split up with his girl-friend, he is single again

15. ÖKON free

\freier Kapital-/Warenverkehr free movement of capital/goods

\freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy

\freier Wechselkurs freely floating exchange rate

16. CHEM, PHYS released

Kräfte werden \frei forces are set free [or released]

\freier Kohlenstoff/ \freie Wärme uncombined carbon/heat

\freie Radikale free radicals

17. (ungefähr)

\frei nach... roughly quoting...

II. adv

1. (unbeeinträchtigt) freely

das Haus steht ganz \frei the house stands completely on its own

die Mörderin läuft immer noch \frei herum! the murderess is still on the loose!

\frei atmen to breathe easy

sich akk \frei entscheiden to decide freely

\frei finanziert privately financed

\frei stehen to stand alone [or by itself]

\frei verkäuflich for sale without restrictions

\frei zugänglich accessible from all sides

2. (ungezwungen) freely, openly

\frei erzogen liberally educated

\frei heraus sprechen to speak frankly

\frei improvisieren to improvise freely

3. (uneingeschränkt) casually

sich akk \frei bewegen können to be able to move in an uninhibited manner

4. (nach eigenem Belieben)

\frei erfunden to be completely made up

5. (gratis) free

Kinder unter 6 Jahren fahren \frei children below the age of six travel free

etw \frei bekommen to get sth free

6. (ohne Hilfsmittel)

ein Kabel \frei verlegen to lay a cable uncovered

\frei in der Luft schweben to hover unsupported in the air

\frei sprechen to speak off-the-cuff

7. (nicht gefangen) freely

\frei laufend Tiere free-range

Eier von \frei laufenden Hühnern eggs from free-range chickens

\frei lebend living in the wild

* * *
1.
Adjektiv

1) free <man, will, life, people, decision, etc.>

2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>

die freien Berufe — the independent professions

3) (ungezwungen) free and easy; lax (derog.)

4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.

5) (offen) open

unter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors

auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations

ins Freie gehen — walk out into the open

frei lebende Tiere — animals living in the wild

frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free

6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; free

ein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat

Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?

eine freie Stelle — a vacancy

ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken

ist der Tisch frei? — is this table free?

einige Seiten frei lassen — leave some pages blank

7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>

20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance

Lieferung frei Haus — carriage free

8) (ungenau)

eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation

9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised

10) (uneingeschränkt) free

der Zug hat freie Fahrt — the train can proceed

der freie Fall — (Physik) free fall

11)

von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something

frei von Fehlern — without faults

12) (verfügbar) spare; free

ich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off

sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off

er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached

13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)

eine freie Rede — an extempore speech

14) (unbekleidet) bare

15) (bes. Fußball) unmarked

frei stehen — be unmarked

16) (Chemie, Physik) free

frei werden — (bei einer Reaktion) be given off

17) (in festen Wendungen)

freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand

aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily

jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen — set somebody free

auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large
2.
adverbial <act, speak, choose> freely; < translate> freely, loosely

etwas frei heraus sagen — say something freely

eine Rede frei halten — make a speech without notes

* * *

frei

A. adj

1. free;

freier Bürger HIST freeborn citizen, freeman;

ein freier Mensch (der tun kann, was er will) a free agent;

sie ist frei zu gehen, wenn sie will she is free to go if she wishes;

ich bin so frei obs oder hum sich bedienend etc: if I may;

ich war so frei, Ihr Auto zu nehmen oder

und nahm Ihr Auto I took the liberty of using your car, I helped myself to your car

2. Wahl, Wille etc: free; Zugang: unrestricted, unlimited; (unbehindert) unrestrained;

„frei ab 16“ FILM 16 (= no admission to persons under 16 years), US etwa R(-rated);

jetzt haben wir freie Fahrt mit Zug: the signal’s green now, the train can go now; mit Auto: the road’s clear now; fig there’s nothing to stop us now;

auf freiem Fuß sein be free; Verbrecher: be at large;

jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen set sb free, let sb go;

das Recht auf freie Meinungsäußerung the right of free speech ( oder of self-expression);

aus freien Stücken oder

freiem Willen of one’s own free will;

die freie Wahl haben zwischen … und … be free to choose between … and …

3. (unabhängig, selbstständig) Stadt etc: free; Beruf, Tankstelle etc: independent; (nicht gebunden) unattached; Journalist, Künstler etc: freelance;

die freien Künste the liberal arts;

freier Mitarbeiter freelance(r); → Freie²

4. im Namen von Organisationen etc:

Freie Demokratische Partei (abk FDP) Free Democratic Party;

Freie Deutsche Jugend (abk FDJ) hist DDR Free German Youth;

Freier Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (abk FDGB) hist DDR Free German Trade Union Organization;

die Freie Hansestadt Bremen the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen;

die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg the Free Hanseatic City of Hamburg

5. WIRTSCH:

im freien Handel available in the shops (US in stores);

freier Markt open market; BÖRSE unofficial market;

freie Marktwirtschaft free market economy;

freier Wechselkurs floating exchange rate;

(die) freie Wirtschaft free enterprise;

die Rechte an diesem Buchtitel werden bald frei the rights in this title will soon be free ( oder available)

6. (unbesetzt) Stuhl, Raum etc: free, available; Leitung: vacant; Stelle: vacant, open; Straße etc: clear, empty; (unbeschrieben) Seite etc: blank;

frei am WC: vacant; am Taxi: for hire;

freie Stelle vacancy;

ist hier oder

der Platz noch frei? is this seat taken?, is anyone sitting here?;

der Stuhl/die Zeile muss frei bleiben the chair must be kept free/the line must be left blank;

Platz frei lassen/machen für leave/make space for;

jemandem den Weg frei machen clear the way for sb;

zwei Zeilen frei lassen leave two blank lines; → Bahn, Ring, Zimmer

7. (unbedeckt) bare;

der Rock lässt die Knie frei the skirt is above the knee;

den Oberkörper frei machen strip to the waist; → auch freilassen

8. Feld, Himmel, Sicht: open;

aufs freie Meer hinaus out into the open sea;

auf freier Strecke on an open stretch (BAHN of line, Straße: of road);

in freier Wildbahn in the wild;

unter freiem Himmel in the open (air), outside

9. Tag, Zeit etc: free; nachgestellt: off; Person: free, not busy;

freie Zeit free ( oder leisure) time;

nächsten Dienstag ist frei next Tuesday is a holiday;

hast du morgen frei? do you have tomorrow off?;

seitdem habe ich keine freie Minute mehr since then I haven’t had a free moment ( oder a moment to myself);

sind Sie (gerade) frei? Taxi: are you taken?; Verkäufer: are you serving someone?

10. (kostenlos) free (of charge);

freier Eintritt admission free (

für to);

Kinder unter sechs sind frei umg von Eintritt, Fahrgeld: children under six are free, no charge for children under six;

20 kg Gepäck sind frei there is a baggage (besonders US luggage) allowance of 20kg;

frei Haus carriage paid;

Lieferung frei Haus free delivery, no delivery charge;

dazu bekommt sie auch noch einen Job frei Haus fig what’s more she gets a job handed to her on a plate;

du hast noch zwei Versuche frei fig you have two tries left

11.

frei von (ohne) free from ( oder of), without; von Eis, Schneeschicht etc: clear of; von Steuern etc befreit: exempt from;

frei von Schmerzen free from pain;

frei von Schulden free from debt;

frei von Zusätzen free of additives;

niemand ist frei von Fehlern/Vorurteilen nobody is perfect/free from prejudice

12.

sich frei machen von free o.s. of; (herauskommen aus) get out of; (loswerden) get rid of

13. fig (ungezwungen) free and easy; (offen) open; (moralisch großzügig) liberal;

freie Liebe free love;

sie ist schon viel freier geworden she has loosened up a great deal

14. fig Übersetzung: free;

freie Hand haben have a free hand (

bei with);

jemandem freie Hand lassen give sb a free hand (

bei with);

aus oder

mit der freien Hand zeichnen (ohne Hilfsmittel) draw sth freehand

15. Sport (ungedeckt) unmarked;

zum nächsten freien Mitspieler passen pass to the nearest unmarked player;

der freie Mann (vor der Abwehr) the sweeper

16. Postwesen: (frankiert) prepaid, post paid

17. PHYS; Elektron, Fall, Radikal etc: free; CHEM uncombined;

im freien Fall in free fall;

frei werden Energie etc: be released;

freie Valenzen CHEM free valencies

B. adv

1. atmen, herumlaufen etc: freely;

frei geboren freeborn;

frei laufende Hühner free-range hens;

Eier von frei laufenden Hühnern free-range eggs;

frei lebende Tiere wildlife sg, animals living in the wild ( oder out of captivity);

frei praktizierender Arzt doctor in private practice;

frei halten (einen Platz) keep, save; (Straße, Einfahrt) keep clear; (Angebot, Stelle etc) keep open;

„Eingang frei halten!“ keep clear;

frei halten von keep free of; (Eingang, Straße etc) keep clear of;

jemanden von Erkältungen etc

frei halten keep sb free ( oder protect sb) from colds etc, keep colds etc away from sb;

sich frei halten keep o.s. free (

für for);

sich frei halten von ward off, avoid

2. herumliegen etc: openly;

frei zugänglich von allen Seiten: freely accessible; für alle: open to all;

frei stehen Baum, Haus etc: stand by itself; (leer stehen) be unoccupied, be empty; SPORT, Spieler: be unmarked;

frei stehend Baum: solitary; Haus, nicht angebaut: detached; einzeln: isolated; SPORT, Spieler: unmarked

3. WIRTSCH:

frei erhältlich freely available;

frei finanziert privately financed;

frei konvertierbar freely convertible;

frei verkäuflich on general sale, freely available (to buy)

4. TECH:

frei beweglich freely moving, mobile;

frei hängend oder

schwebend unsupported

5.

frei (und offen) openly, frankly, freely; → frank, freiheraus

6.

frei sprechen Redner: speak without notes; mit Handy im Auto: phone ( oder talk) hands-free, use the speaker phone;

ich möchte den Vortrag frei halten I want to give the lecture without notes;

einen Kreis frei zeichnen draw a circle freehand;

das Kind kann schon frei laufen/stehen the child can walk/stand unaided

7.

frei erfunden (entirely) fictitious;

das hat er frei erfunden he made that up;

frei nach (einem Stück von) X freely adapted from (a play by) X

8. (liberal) liberally;

frei erzogen sein have had a liberal upbringing; → auch freibekommen, freigeben etc

…frei im adj

1. (ohne …) Inhalt: …-free; Krankheit: free from …;

stickstofffrei nitrogen-free, non-nitrogenous;

tuberkulosefrei free from tuberculosis

2. nicht geschehend: non-…;

blendfrei Beleuchtung: non-dazzle;

repressionsfrei Erziehung: non-repressive;

schrumpffrei Wäsche: non-shrink, shrink-free

3. nicht verlangt: exempt from …, …-exempt;

visumfrei not requiring a visa, visa-exempt;

zuschlagfrei on which no supplement is payable, exempt from supplement

4. nicht bedeckt: Person: with bare …; Kleid: leaving … bare;

fesselfrei clear of the ankles;

nabelfrei with a bare midriff;

schulterfrei off-the-shoulder

5. unabhängig: independent of …;

bündnisfrei independent of any alliance, unallied;

reichsfrei HIST under the direct rule of the Emperor;

trustfrei non-trust

* * *
1.
Adjektiv

1) free <man, will, life, people, decision, etc.>

2) (nicht angestellt) freelance <writer, worker, etc.>

die freien Berufe — the independent professions

3) (ungezwungen) free and easy; lax (derog.)

4) (nicht eingesperrt, gefangen) free; at liberty pred.

5) (offen) open

unter freiem Himmel — in the open [air]; outdoors

auf freier Strecke — (Straße) on the open road; (Eisenbahn) between stations

ins Freie gehen — walk out into the open

frei lebende Tiere — animals living in the wild

frei herumlaufen — < person> run around scot-free

6) (unbesetzt) vacant; unoccupied; free

ein freier Stuhl/Platz — a vacant or free chair/seat

Entschuldigung, ist hier noch frei? — excuse me, is this anyone's seat etc.?

eine freie Stelle — a vacancy

ein Bett ist [noch] frei — one bed is [still] free or not taken

ist der Tisch frei? — is this table free?

einige Seiten frei lassen — leave some pages blank

7) (kostenlos) free <food, admission>

20 kg Gepäck frei haben — have or be allowed a 20 kilogram baggage allowance

Lieferung frei Haus — carriage free

8) (ungenau)

eine freie Übersetzung — a free or loose translation

9) (ohne Vorlage) improvised

10) (uneingeschränkt) free

der Zug hat freie Fahrt — the train can proceed

der freie Fall — (Physik) free fall

11)

von etwas frei/frei von etwas sein — be free of something

frei von Fehlern — without faults

12) (verfügbar) spare; free

ich habe heute frei/meinen freien Abend — I've got today off/this is my evening off

sich (Dat.) frei nehmen — (ugs.) take some time off

er ist noch/nicht mehr frei — he is still/no longer unattached

13) (ohne Hilfsmittel)

eine freie Rede — an extempore speech

14) (unbekleidet) bare

15) (bes. Fußball) unmarked

frei stehen — be unmarked

16) (Chemie, Physik) free

frei werden — (bei einer Reaktion) be given off

17) (in festen Wendungen)

freie Hand haben/jemandem freie Hand lassen — have/give somebody a free hand

aus freien Stücken — (ugs.) of one's own accord; voluntarily

jemanden auf freien Fuß setzen — set somebody free

auf freiem Fuß — (von Verbrechern etc.) at large
2.
adverbial <act, speak, choose> freely; < translate> freely, loosely

etwas frei heraus sagen — say something freely

eine Rede frei halten — make a speech without notes

* * *

adj.

clear adj.

detached adj.

free adj.

spare adj.

uncommitted adj.

unengaged adj.

unenslaved adj.

unfettered adj.

unrestricted adj.

untrapped adj. adv.

freely adv.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > frei
16 sweep

sweep [swi:p]

(verb: preterite, past participle swept)

1. noun

   a. (with broom) coup m de balai

• to give a room a sweep donner un coup de balai dans une pièce

   b. ( = chimney sweep) ramoneur m

   c. ( = movement) with one sweep d'un seul coup

• with a sweep of his arm d'un geste large

   d. ( = curve) [of coastline, hills, road, river] grande courbe f

2. transitive verb

balayer ; [+ chimney] ramoner

• to sweep a room clean donner un bon coup de balai dans une pièce

• he swept the rubbish off the pavement il a enlevé les ordures du trottoir d'un coup de balai

• to sweep sth under the carpet (figurative) enterrer qch

• he swept the horizon with his binoculars il a parcouru l'horizon avec ses jumelles

• a wave of panic swept the city un vent de panique a soufflé sur la ville

• to sweep one's hair off one's face écarter ses cheveux de son visage

• they swept everything before them ils ont remporté un succès total

• they swept the board ils ont tout raflé (inf)

• the socialists swept the board at the election les socialistes ont remporté l'élection haut la main

• the wave swept him overboard la vague l'a jeté par-dessus bord

• the wind swept the caravan over the cliff la caravane a été projetée du haut de la falaise par le vent

• the current swept him downstream le courant l'a emporté

• he swept her off her feet ( = she fell for him) elle a eu le coup de foudre pour lui

• this election swept the socialists into office cette élection a porté les socialistes au pouvoir avec une écrasante majorité

3. intransitive verb

   a. ( = pass swiftly) to sweep in/out [person, vehicle, convoy] entrer/sortir rapidement

• the car swept round the corner la voiture a pris le virage à toute allure

• the rain swept across the plain la pluie a balayé la plaine

• panic swept through the city la panique s'est emparée de la ville

   b. ( = move impressively) to sweep in/out [person, procession] entrer/sortir majestueusement

• she came sweeping into the room elle a fait une entrée majestueuse dans la pièce

• the Alps sweep down to the coast les Alpes descendent majestueusement jusqu'à la côte

► sweep along separable transitive verb emporter

► sweep aside separable transitive verb

[+ object, person, suggestion, objection] repousser ; [+ difficulty, obstacle] écarter

► sweep away separable transitive verb

[crowd, flood, current, gale] entraîner ; [+ dust, snow, rubbish] balayer

► sweep out separable transitive verb

[+ room, rubbish] balayer

► sweep up

1. intransitive verb

(with broom) to sweep up after sb balayer derrière qn

• to sweep up after a party balayer après le départ des invités

2. transitive verb

balayer

* * *
[swiːp] 1.
noun

1) (also sweep out) coup m de balai

to give something a sweep — donner un coup de balai à quelque chose

2) ( movement)

with a sweep of his arm — d'un grand geste du bras

to make a wide sweep south — faire un grand crochet vers le sud

3) (of land, woods, hills, cliffs) étendue f; ( of lawn) surface f; ( of fabric) drapé m

4) (of events, history, novel, country) ampleur f; ( of opinion) éventail m; (of telescope, gun) champ m

5) ( search) ( on land) exploration f; ( by air) survol m; ( attack) sortie f; ( to capture) ratissage m

to make a sweep of — ( search) ( on land) explorer; ( by air) survoler; ( to capture) ratisser

6) (also chimney sweep) ramoneur m
2.
transitive verb (prét, pp swept)

1) ( clean) balayer [floor, path]; ramoner [chimney]

2) ( remove with brush)

to sweep the crumbs off a table — ramasser les miettes d'une table

3) ( push)

to sweep something off the table — faire tomber quelque chose de la table (d'un grand geste de la main)

to sweep somebody off his/her feet — [sea, wave] emporter quelqu'un; fig ( romantically) faire perdre la tête à quelqu'un

to sweep somebody overboard — entraîner quelqu'un par-dessus bord

to be swept into power — être porté au pouvoir avec une majorité écrasante

4) ( spread through) [disease, crime, panic, craze] déferler sur; [storm, fire] ravager; [rumour] se répandre dans

5) (search, survey) [beam, searchlight] balayer; [person] parcourir [quelque chose] des yeux; Military [vessel, submarine] sillonner; [police] ratisser ( for à la recherche de)

to sweep something for mines — déminer quelque chose
3.
intransitive verb (prét, pp swept)

1) ( clean) = sweep up

2) lit, fig ( move)

to sweep in/out — ( quickly) entrer/sortir rapidement; ( majestically) entrer/sortir majestueusement

the wind swept in from the east — le vent soufflait de l'est

to sweep into — [invaders] envahir

to sweep (in)to power — être porté au pouvoir (avec une majorité écrasante)

to sweep to victory — remporter une victoire écrasante

to sweep through — [disease, crime, panic, craze, change] déferler sur; [fire, storm] ravager; [rumour] se répandre dans

to sweep over — [searchlight] balayer; [gaze] parcourir

3) ( extend)

the road sweeps north — la route décrit une large courbe vers le nord

the mountains sweep down to the sea — les montagnes descendent majestueusement jusqu'à la mer

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- sweep along

- sweep aside

- sweep away

- sweep out

- sweep up

••

to sweep something under the carpet GB ou rug US — escamoter quelque chose

English-French dictionary > sweep
17 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

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   ■ Pimentel, Irene Flunser. Judeus em Portugal na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lisbon, 2006.

   ■ Popov, Dusko. Spy/ Counterspy. London, 1974.

   ■ Prokosch, Frederick. The Conspirators. New York, 1943.

   ■ Remarque, Erich Maria. The Night in Lisbon. New York, 1966.

   ■ Ribeiro, Aquilino. Volfarmio Romance. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1943.

   ■ Rosas, Fernando. Portugal entre a Paz e a Guerra. Lisbon: Estampa, 1990.

   ■ Saint-Exupery, Antoine. Wartime Writings, 1939-1944. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1986.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano, ed. Portugal E A Guerra. Historia das Intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais seculos XIX e XX. Lisbon: Colibri, 1998.

   ■ Telo, Antonio Jose. Propagandal E Guerra Secreta Em Portugal 1939-45. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■. Portugal na Segunda Guerra ( 1941-1945), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■. Os Acores E O Controlo Do Atlantico ( 1898/ 1948). Lisbon: Ed. Asa, 1993.

   ■. A neutralidade portuguesa e o ouro nazi. Lisbon, 2000.

   ■ Vintras, R.E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman and Turner, 1974. Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Age Old Business of Espionage." 1987 World Book Year Book. Chicago, 1987.

   ■. "'In the Service of Order.' The Portuguese Political Police and the British, Germany and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 36: no. 3 (Jan. 1983), 1-25.

   ■. "And Who is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 23 (no. 2) (Summer 1989), 119-39.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.

   ■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.

   ■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.

   ■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.

   ■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.

   ■ Wylie, Neville. "An Amateur Learns His Job? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42." Journal of Contemporary History. 36: no. 3 (2001), 441-57.

   ■ The Military

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.

   ■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, Jose. O Comportamento Politico dos Militares, Forcas Armadas e Regimes Politicos em Portugal no seculo XX. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992.

   ■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.

   ■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.

   ■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.

   ■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.

   ■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. Republican Portugal: A Political History ( 1910-1926). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978, 1998.

   ■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa ( 1926-1933). Mem Martins: Europa- America, 1988.

   ■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926-1974: "The Honor of the Army." In Lawrence S. Graham and Harry M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Government and Politics since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. "Hidden Fluidity in an Ultra-Stable Party System." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 101-27. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.

   ■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., ed. Political Parties and Democracy in Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1997. Carlucci, Frank. "Confiei no Povo Portugues." Visao (Lisbon), April 10, 1997, 46-47.

   ■. "The View from the U.S. Embassy." In Hans Binnendijk, ed., Authoritarian Regimes in Transition. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Foreign Service Institute, Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, 1987.

   ■ Coelho, Mário Baptista, ed. Portugal. O Sistema Política a Constitucional, 1974-87. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, UNL, 1989.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.

   ■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Goldey, David. "Elections and the Consolidation of Portuguese Democracy: 1974-1983." Electoral Studies 2, 3 (1983): 229-40.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Institutionalizing Democracy: Governance in Post-1974 Portugal." In Ali Farazmand, ed., Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration, 81-90. New York: Dekker, 1991.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Gunther, Richard. "Spain and Portugal." In G. A. Dorfman and P. J. Duignan, eds., Politics in Western Europe, 186-236. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.

   ■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.

   ■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.

   ■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.

   ■. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■ Pinto Balsemão, Francisco. "The Constitution and Politics: Options for the Future." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 197-232. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Sartori, Giovanni. "Portugal." In Sartori, G, ed., Parties and Party Systems. Vol. 1, 131-45. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Secretary of State for Mass Communications. Constitution of the Portuguese Republic [1976]. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Contemporary Portugal since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. A Ilusão do poder: Analise do Sistema Partidário, 19761982. Lisbon, 1983. Almeida, Diniz de. Orígens e Evolução do Movimento dos Capitães. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. Ascensao, Apogeu e Queda do MFA, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.

   ■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.

   ■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.

   ■, coord. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer 2000): 1-404. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Popular Support for Democracy in Post-revolutionary Portugal: Results from a Survey." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 21-42. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. Politics and Nationhood: Post-Revolutionary Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1984.

   ■. "Portugal Fifteen Years after the April Revolution." Field Staff Reports ( 1989-90/ No. 1, Europe), 3-11. Indianapolis, Ind.: Universities Field Staff International, 1990.

   ■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.

   ■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.

   ■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.

   ■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.

   ■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

   ■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.

   ■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.

   ■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.

   ■ Faye, Jean-Pierre, ed. Portugal: The Revolution in the Labyrinth. Nottingham, U.K.: Spokesman, 1976. Ferreira, Hugo Gil, and Michael W. Marshall. Portugal's Revolution: Ten Years On. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Figueira, João Costa. Cavaco Silva: Homem de Estado. Lisbon, 1987. Filoche, Gérard. Printemps Portugais. Paris: Editions Action, 1984. Frémontier, Jacques. Os Pontos nos ii. Lisbon, 1976. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. 25 de Abril-10 anos depois. Lisbon, 1984. Futscher Pereira, Bernardo. "Portugal and Spain." In K. Maxwell, ed. Portugal in the 1980s, 63-87. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Gama, Jaime. Política Externa Portuguesa 1983-85: Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. "Preface." In J. Calvet de Magalhães, A. de Vasconcelos, and J. Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "10 Anos de Democracia: Reflexos na geografia política." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opelio, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal 1974-1984/ Conflitos e Mudanças em Portugal, 1974-1984, 135-55. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.

   ■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

   ■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.

   ■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.

   ■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.

   ■ Harsgor, Michael. Naissance d'un Nouveau Portugal. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1975.

   ■. Portugal in Revolution. Washington, D.C.: CSIS and Sage, 1976.

   ■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.

   ■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.

   ■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.

   ■ Keefe, Eugene K., et al. Area Handbook for Portugal, 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Area Studies of American University, 1977. Kramer, Jane. "A Reporter at Large: The Portuguese Revolution." The New Yorker (Dec. 15, 1975): 92-131.

   ■ Lauré, Jason, and Ettagal Lauré. Jovem Portugal: After the Revolution. New York: Straus, Farrar and Giroux, 1977.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. A New History of Portugal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

   ■ Lourenço, Eduardo. Os Militares e O Poder. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. O Fascismo Nunca Existiu. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "Identidade e Memôria: o caso português." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-l 984, 17-22. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Lucena, Manuel. Evolução e Instituições: A Extinção dos Grémios da Lavoura Alentejanos. Mem Martins, 1984.

   ■. "A herança de duas revoluções." In M. Baptista Coelho, ed., Portugal: O Sistema Político e Constitucional, 1974-87, 505-55. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Macedo, Jorge Braga de, and S. Serfaty. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. New York: Praeger, 1981.

   ■ Magone, José M. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. Mailer, Phil. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. London: Solidarity, 1977. Manta, João Abel. Cartoons/ 1969-1975. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Manuel, Paul C. Uncertain Outcome: The Politics of Portugal's Transition to Democracy. Lanham, Md. and London: University Press of America, 1994.

   ■ Mateus, Rui. Contos Proibidos. Memorias de Um PS Desconhecido, 3rd ed. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1996.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Portugal under Pressure." The New York Review of Books (May 2, 1974).

   ■. "The Hidden Revolution in Portugal." The New York Review of Books (April 17, 1975).

   ■. "The Thorns of the Portuguese Revolution." Foreign Affairs 54, 2 (Jan. 1976): 250-70.

   ■. "The Communists and the Portuguese Revolution." Dissent 27, 2 (Spring 1980): 194-206.

   ■. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. "Portugal: Toward the Twenty-First Century." Camoes Center Quarterly 5, 3-4 (Fall 1995): 6-55.

   ■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.

   ■. Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution: Reports of Three Columbia University-Gulbenkian Workshops. New York: Research Institute on International Change, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth, and Michael H. Haltzel, eds. Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, José. Ensaio Histórico sobre a revolução do 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Medina, João, ed. Portugal De Abril: Do 25 Aos Nossos Dias. In Medina, ed., História Contemporãnea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1985. Merten, Peter. Anarchismus ünd Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libertare, 1981.

   ■ Miranda, Jorge. Constituição e Democracia. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.

   ■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.

   ■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.

   ■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.

   ■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.

   ■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.

   ■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).

   ■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.

   ■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.

   ■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.

   ■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].

   ■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.

   ■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.

   ■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,

   ■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

   ■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).

   ■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Stock, Maria José. Os Partidos do Poder: Dez Anos Depois do " 25 De Abril." Evora, 1986.

   ■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.

   ■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.

   ■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.

   ■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.

   ■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA

   ■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.

   ■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.

   ■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.

   ■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.

   ■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.

   ■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.

   ■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.

   ■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.

   ■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.

   ■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.

   ■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY

   ■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).

   ■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da

   ■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.

   ■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

   ■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.

   ■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.

   ■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

   ■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.

   ■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.

   ■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:

   ■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.

   ■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS

   ■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.

   ■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.

   ■. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain 1787-1788.

   ■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.

   ■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.

   ■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.

   ■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.

   ■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.

   ■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.

   ■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.

   ■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.

   ■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.

   ■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.

   ■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.

   ■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.

   ■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

   ■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.

   ■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.

   ■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.

   ■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.

   ■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.

   ■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.

   ■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.

   ■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.

   ■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.

   ■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.

   ■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.

   ■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.

   ■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

   ■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.

   ■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.

   ■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.

   ■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.

   ■. Navegadores, viajantes e adventureiros portugueses: Séculos XV e XVI. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.

   ■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." Revue d'histoire d'Amérique Française 19, 1 (1965): 335-49. Cortesão, Armando, and Avelino Teixeira de Mota. Cartografia Portuguesa Antiga. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. Portugalia Monumenta Cartográfica, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■. História da Cartografia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1969-70.

   ■ Cortesão, Jaime. L'expansion des portugais dans l'historie de la civilisation. Brussels, 1930.

   ■. Os descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. V. Magalhães Godinho and Joel Serrão, eds. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. A expansão dos Portugueses no período henriquinho. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■. Descobrimentos precolombanos dos portugueses. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Costa, Abel Fontoura da. A Marinharia dos Descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Costa Brochado, Idalino F. Descobrimento do Atlântico. Lisbon, 1958. English ed., 1959-60.

   ■ Coutinho, Admiral Gago. A naútica dos descobrimentos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1951-52.

   ■ Crone, G. R. Maps and Their Makers. New York: Capricorn Books, 1966.

   ■ Dias, José S. da Silva. Os descobrimentos e a problemática cultural do Século XVI, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Disney, Anthony, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, ed. Documentos sobre a expansão portuguesa [ to 1460], 3 vols. Lisbon, 1945-54.

   ■ Guedes, Max, and Gerald Lombardi, eds. Portugal. Brazil: The Age of Atlantic Discoveries. Lisbon: Bertrand; Milan: Ricci; Brazilian Culture Foundation, 1990. [Catalogue of New York Public Library Exhibit, Summer 1990]

   ■ Harley, J. B., and David Woodward. The History of Cartography. Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and Mediterranean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

   ■ Leite, Duarte. História dos Descobrimentos: Colectânea de esparsos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1958-61.

   ■ Ley, Charles. Portuguese Voyages, 1498-1663. London: Dent, 1953.

   ■ Marques, J. Martins da Silva. Descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1944-71.

   ■ Martyn, John R. C., ed. Pedro Nunes ( 1502-1578): His Lost Algebra and Other Discoveries. John R. C. Martyn, trans. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.

   ■ Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A. D. 500-1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■. Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.

   ■ Mota, Avelino Teixeira da. Mar, Além-Mar-Estudos e Ensaios de História e Geografia. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Vida e Obra do Infante D. Henrique. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Parry, J. H. The Discovery of the Sea. New York: Dial, 1974.

   ■ Penrose, Boies. Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1952.

   ■ Peres, Damião. História dos Descobrimentos Portugueses. Oporto, 1943.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London, 1933; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Precision Astrolabe: Portuguese Navigators and Transoceanic Aviation. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Seary, E. R. "The Portuguese Element in the Place Names of Newfoundland." In Luís Albuquerque, ed., Vice-Almirante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Memo-riam. Vol. II, 359-64. Lisbon: Academia da Marinha, 1989.

   ■ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

   ■ Velho, Alvaro. Roteiro ( Navigator's Route) da Primeira Viagem de Vasco da Gama ( 1497-1499). Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Winius, George, ed. Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval toward the Modern World 1300-ca. 1600. Madison, Wisc.: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.

   ■ PORTUGAL AND HER OVERSEAS EMPIRES (1415-1975)

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   ■ Afonso, Aniceto, and Carlos de Matos Gomes. Guerra Colonial. Lisbon: Noticias, 2001.

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   ■ Alexandre, Valentim. Orígens do Colonialismo Português Moderno ( 18221891). Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1979.

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   ■, and Jill Dias, eds. "O Império Africano 1825-1890. Volume X." In J.

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   ■ Ames, Glen J. "The Carreira da India, 1668-1682: Maritime Enterprise and the Quest for Stability in Portugal's Asian Empire." Journal of European Economic History 20, 1 (1991): 7-28.

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   ■ Antunes, José Freire. O Império com Pés de Barro: Colonizaçao e Descolonização: As Ideologias em Portugal. Lisbon: D. Quixote, 1980.

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   ■. A Guerra De Africa 1961-1974, 2 vols. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995-96.

   ■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto 1919-1982. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.

   ■ Axelson, Eric A. South-East Africa, 1488-1530. London: Longmans, 1940.

   ■. "Prince Henry and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India." Geographical Journal (U.K.) 127, 2 (June 1961): 145-58.

   ■. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875-1891. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1967.

   ■. Portuguese in South-East Africa, 1488-1699. Cape Town: Struik, 1973.

   ■. Congo to Cape: Early Portuguese Explorers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

   ■ Azevedo, Mário. Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, 2nd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003.

   ■ Baião, António, Hernãni Cidade, and Manuel Murias, eds. História da Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 4 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40.

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   ■. Angola under the Portuguese: The Myth Versus Reality. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

   ■ Bhíla, H. H. K. Trade and Politics in a Shona Kingdom: The Manyika and Their Portuguese and African Neighbours, 1875-1902. Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 1990.

   ■ Birmingham, David. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965.

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   ■ ———. Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602-1688. London, 1952.

   ■ ———. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■ ———. The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.

   ■ ———. Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire, 1415-1825. Oxford:

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   ■ ———. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchi nson, 1969.

   ■ ———, and Carlos de Azevedo, eds. Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa. London: Hollis and Carter, 1960.

   ■ Broadhead, Susan H. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 2nd ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992.

   ■ Burton, Richard. Goa and the Blue Mountains. London: Bentley, 1851.

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   ■ Caetano, Marcello. Colonizing Traditions, Principles and Methods of the Portuguese. Lisbon, 1951.

   ■ ———. Portugal E A Internacionalização Dos Problemas Africanos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1965.

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   ■ Chaliand, Gerard. "The Independence of Guinea-Bissau and the Heritage of [Amilcar] Cabral." In Revolution in the Third World. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1978.

   ■ Chilcote, Ronald H. Portuguese Africa. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.

   ■ Clarence-Smith, Gervase. Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola 1840-1926. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

   ■ ———. The Third Portuguese Empire 1825-1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1985.

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   ■ Disney, Anthony R. Twilight of the Pepper Empire: Portuguese Trade in Southwest India in the Early Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978.

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   ■ Galvão, Henrique, and Carlos Selvagam. O Império Ultramarino Português, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953.

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   ■ ———. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.

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   ■ Henderson, Lawrence W. Angola: Five Centuries of Conflict. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979. ———. A Igreja Em Angola. Lisbon: Edit. Além-Mar, 1990. Heywood, Linda. Contested Power in Angola 1840s to the Present. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2000.

   ■ Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

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   ■. Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution: The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Tradition of Resistance in Mozambique: Anti-Colonial Activity in the Zambesi Valley 1850-1921. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

   ■ James, Martin. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2004.

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   ■ Kea, Ray A. Settlements, Trade and Politics in the Seventeenth Century Gold Coast. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

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   ■ ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, RURAL AND URBAN SOCIETY

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   ■ Mattoso, José. Identificação de um país. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Merten, Peter. Anarchismüs und Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libera-tare Association, 1981.

   ■ Monteiro, Paulo. Terra que ja foi terra: Análise Sociológica de nove lugares agro-pastorais da Serra da Lousã. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Nataf, Daniel. "Social Cleavages and Regime Formation in Contemporary Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, UCLA, 1987.

   ■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal: Ensaio Exploratório." Economia e Socialismo 23 (1977): 31-50.

   ■ O'Neill, Brian Juan. "Dying and Inheriting in Rural Tras-os-Montes." Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 14 (1983): 44-74.

   ■. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Inheritance, 1870-1978. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

   ■ Pacheco, Helder. Tradições Populares de Portugal. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Pardoe, Julia. Traits and Traditions of Portugal, 2 vols. London, 1832.

   ■ Pereira Neto, João Baptista. "Social Evolution in Portugal since 1945." In Raymond S. Sayers, ed., Portugal and Brazil in Transition, 212-27. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.

   ■ Pina-Cabral, João de. Sons of Adam, Daughters of Eve: The Peasant World-View of the Alto Minho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

   ■. "Sociocultural Differentiation and Regional Identity in Portugal." In

   ■ R. Herr and J. H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity, 3-18. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1989.

   ■ Poinard, Michel. La Retour des Traveilleurs Portugais. Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1979.

   ■ Reed, Robert Roy. "Managing the Revolution: Revolutionary Promise and Political Reality in Rural Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1988.

   ■ Riegelhaupt, Joyce F. "In the Shadow of the City: Integration of a Portuguese Village" [São João das Lampas, nr, Cascais]. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, 1964.

   ■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.

   ■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.

   ■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.

   ■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.

   ■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.

   ■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.

   ■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.

   ■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.

   ■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.

   ■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.

   ■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.

   ■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC

   ■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.

   ■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.

   ■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.

   ■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.

   ■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.

   ■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.

   ■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.

   ■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.

   ■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.

   ■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.

   ■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.

   ■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.

   ■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.

   ■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.

   ■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

   ■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.

   ■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.

   ■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.

   ■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.

   ■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.

   ■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.

   ■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

   ■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.

   ■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.

   ■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.

   ■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.

   ■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.

   ■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.

   ■ Sculpture and Ceramics

   ■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.

   ■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.

   ■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.

   ■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.

   ■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.

   ■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.

   ■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.

   ■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.

   ■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.

   ■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.

   ■ Cinema

   ■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.

   ■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.

   ■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.

   ■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.

   ■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.

   ■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.

   ■ Children's Literature

   ■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.

   ■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:

   ■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:

   ■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.

   ■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.

   ■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.

   ■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.

   ■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.

   ■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.

   ■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.

   ■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.

   ■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.

   ■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.

   ■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature

   ■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.

   ■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.

   ■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.

   ■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.

   ■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.

   ■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.

   ■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.

   ■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.

   ■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.

   ■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■ The Inquisition in History

   ■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.

   ■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

   ■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■. História das Inquisições: Portugal, Espanha e Itália. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1994.

   ■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.

   ■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.

   ■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.

   ■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.

   ■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.

   ■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.

   ■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Literature in English Translation: Selection

   ■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.

   ■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.

   ■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.

   ■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.

   ■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.

   ■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.

   ■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

   ■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

   ■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.

   ■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.

   ■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.

   ■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.

   ■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

   ■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

   ■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.

   ■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.

   ■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.

   ■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.

   ■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.

   ■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.

   ■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.

   ■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.

   ■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.

   ■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.

   ■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].

   ■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George

   ■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.

   ■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.

   ■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.

   ■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.

   ■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.

   ■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.

   ■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.

   ■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.

   ■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.

   ■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.

   ■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.

   ■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.

   ■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.

   ■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.

   ■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.

   ■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.

   ■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.

   ■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.

   ■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.

   ■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.

   ■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.

   ■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.

   ■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.

   ■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.

   ■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.

   ■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.

   ■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.

   ■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

   ■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

   ■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.

   ■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.

   ■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.

   ■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.

   ■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.

   ■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine

   ■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.

   ■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.

   ■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.

   ■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.

   ■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.

   ■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.

   ■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.

   ■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.

   ■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.

   ■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

   ■ Gardens and Gardening of Portugal and Madeira

   ■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.

   ■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.

   ■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.

   ■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Carita, Helder, and Homem Cardoso. Portuguese Gardens. London: Antique Collector's Club, 1987.

   ■ Costa, António da, and Luís de O. Franquinho. Madeira: Plantas e Floras. Funchal, 1986.

   ■ Nichols, Rose Standish. Spanish and Portuguese Gardens. Boston, 1926.

   ■ Pereira, Arthur D. Sintra and Its Farm Manors. Sintra, 1983.

   ■ Sampaio, Gonçalo. Flora Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1945.

   ■ Underwood, John, and Pat Underwood. Landscapes of Madeira. London, 1980.

   ■ Vieira, Rui. Flowers of Madeira. Funchal, 1973.

   ■ Viterbo, Francisco Marques de Sousa. A Jardinagem em Portugal, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1906-9.

   ■ Education, Science, Health, and Medical History

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Estudos de História, 3 vols. Coimbra, 1973-81.

   ■. Ciência e experiência nos Descobrimentos portugueses. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. Para a História de Ciência em Portugal. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. As Navegaçoes E A Sua Projecção Na Ciência E Na Cultura. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Baião, Antônio. Episódios Dramáticos da Inquisição Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1936-55.

   ■ Cabreira, Antônio. Portugal nos mares e nas ciências. Lisbon, 1929. Carvalho, Rômulo de. A Astronomia em Portugal (séc. xviii). Lisbon, 1985. Fernandes, Barahona. Egas Moniz: Pioneiro de descobrimentos médicos. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Gaitonde, P. D. Portuguese Pioneers in India: Spotlight on Medicine. London: Sangam Books, 1983.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. "Portuguese Cosmology in the Late Seventeenth Century." In Benjamin F. Taggie and Richard W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 75-85. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, 1989.

   ■ Higgins, Michael H., and Charles F. S. de Winton. Survey of Education in Portugal. London, 1942.

   ■ Hirsch, Elizabeth Feist. Damião de Góis: The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist. The Hague, 1967.

   ■ Lemos, Maximiano. Arquivos de História da Medicina Portuguesa. Several vols. Lisbon, 1886-1923. Vol. I. História da Medicina em Portugal. Doutrina e Instituições. Lisbon, 1899.

   ■ Mira, Matias Ferreira de. História da Medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Orta, Garcia de. Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas e Cousas Medicinais da India. Conde de Ficalho, ed., 2 vols. Lisbon, 1891-95.

   ■ Osório, J. Pereira. História e Desenvolvimento da Ciência em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986-89.

   ■ Pina, Luís de. "Uma prioridade portuguesa do século XVI. João de Barros e a Dactiloscópia Oriental." Arquivo da Repartição de Antropologia Criminal IV (1936).

   ■. "As Ciências na História do Império Colonial Português — Séculos XV a XIX." Anais de Faculdade de Ciências do Porto ( 1939-10).

   ■. "Os Portugueses Mestres de Ciência e Metras no Estrangeiro." Actas do Congresso do Mundo Português. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■. "A Ciência em Portugal (bosquejo Histórico)." In Secretariado Nacional da Informação, ed., Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Portugueses Ausentes, 277-301. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Richards, Robert A. C., ed. Guide to World Science: Vol. 9: Spain and Portugal, 2nd ed. Guernsey, U.K.: F. H. Books, 1974.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. História da Cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-62.

   ■ ———. "João de Barros." In Serrao, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 1 (1963): 307-8.

   ■ Silvestre Ribeiro, José. História dos Establecimentos Scientíficos, Literários e Artísticos de Portugal nos Successivos Reinados da Monarchia, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1871-83.

   ■ Veiga-Pires, J. A., and Ronald G. Grainger, eds. Pioneers in Angiography: The Portuguese School ofAngiography. Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press, 1982.

   ■ Walker, Timothy. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Feminism and Women's Studies

   ■ Barbosa, Madelena. "Women in Portugal." Women's Studies International Quarterly 4 (1981): 477-80.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. Novas Cartas Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Three Marias. New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, 1982.

   ■ Ferreira, Virginia. "Engendering Portugal: Social Change, State Politics, and Women's Social Mobilization." In António Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 162-88. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Goodwin, Mary. "Portuguese Feminism." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 17 (Spring-Summer 1987): 12-13.

   ■ Lamas, Maria. As Mulheres do Meu País. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ "Mulheres Portuguesas e Feminismo." Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.

   ■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.

   ■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Religion and Catholic Church

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.

   ■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.

   ■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.

   ■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.

   ■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.

   ■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing

   ■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.

   ■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.

   ■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.

   ■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.

   ■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.

   ■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.

   ■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.

   ■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

   ■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.

   ■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.

   ■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.

   ■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.

   ■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.

   ■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.

   ■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.

   ■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Moreira da Fonseca, A. Port Wine: Notes on Its History, Production and Technology. Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.

   ■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.

   ■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.

   ■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.

   ■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.

   ■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.

   ■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.

   ■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT

   ■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.

   ■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.

   ■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.

   ■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.

   ■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.

   ■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.

   ■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).

   ■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.

   ■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.

   ■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.

   ■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.

   ■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.

   ■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].

   ■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.

   ■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.

   ■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.

   ■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.

   ■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.

   ■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.

   ■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.

   ■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.

   ■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.

   ■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.

   ■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.

   ■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.

   ■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.

   ■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.

   ■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.

   ■ EQUESTRIANISM

   ■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.

   ■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.

   ■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.

   ■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.

   ■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,

   ■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.

   ■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.com

Historical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE
18 on

on
1. preposition
1) (touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: The book was lying on the table; He was standing on the floor; She wore a hat on her head.) sobre, encima de, en

2) (in or into (a vehicle, train etc): We were sitting on the bus; I got on the wrong bus.) en

3) (at or during a certain day, time etc: on Monday; On his arrival, he went straight to bed.) a; el, los

4) (about: a book on the theatre.) sobre

5) (in the state or process of: He's on holiday.) en, de

6) (supported by: She was standing on one leg.) sobre, en

7) (receiving, taking: on drugs; on a diet.) con, a

8) (taking part in: He is on the committee; Which detective is working on this case?) en

9) (towards: They marched on the town.) a, hacia

10) (near or beside: a shop on the main road.) en

11) (by means of: He played a tune on the violin; I spoke to him on the telephone.) por

12) (being carried by: The thief had the stolen jewels on him.) con

13) (when (something is, or has been, done): On investigation, there proved to be no need to panic.) en

14) (followed by: disaster on disaster.) tras

2. adverb
1) ((especially of something being worn) so as to be touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: She put her hat on.) en

2) (used to show a continuing state etc, onwards: She kept on asking questions; They moved on.) continuamente, sin parar

3) ((also adjective) (of electric light, machines etc) working: The television is on; Turn/Switch the light on.) en marcha, en funcionamiento

4) ((also adjective) (of films etc) able to be seen: There's a good film on at the cinema this week.) en exhibición, en cartelera

5) ((also adjective) in or into a vehicle, train etc: The bus stopped and we got on.) a bordo

3. adjective
1) (in progress: The game was on.) en curso

2) (not cancelled: Is the party on tonight?) en pie

•

- oncoming
- ongoing
- onwards
- onward
- be on to someone
- be on to
- on and on
- on time
- on to / onto

on¹ adv

1. encendido / puesto

the light is on la luz está encendida

the heating is on la calefacción está puesta

2. abierto

the tap is on el grifo está abierto

3. puesto

he had no shoes on no llevaba zapatos

put your coat on ponte el abrigo

4.

what time is the programme on? ¿a qué hora dan el programa?

5. adelante / sin parar

the policeman told him to stop, but he drove on el policía le dijo que parara, pero siguió adelante

she saw me, but she just walked on me vio, pero siguió su camino

on² prep

1. en / sobre

she put the money on the table puso el dinero sobre la mesa

2. en

there were a lot of people on the train había mucha gente en el tren

3.

his birthday is on March 2nd su cumpleaños es el 2 de marzo

I'll see you on Friday nos vemos el viernes

she goes dancing on Saturdays va a bailar los sábados

4. en

what's on at the cinema? ¿qué echan en el cine?

5. sobre

a book on trains un libro sobre los trenes

on foot a pie

on the left / on the right a la izquierda / a la derechaon seguido de un gerundio se traduce al español por al más el infinitivo

on arriving, she phoned her mother al llegar, llamó a su madre

on

tr[ɒn]

preposition

1 (covering or touching) sobre, encima de, en

■ put it on the floor ponlo en el suelo

■ it's on the table está encima de la mesa

■ on page 45 en la página 45

■ the ball hit me on the head el balón me dio en la cabeza

2 (supported by, hanging from) en

■ she put the picture on the wall colgó el cuadro en la pared

■ lean on me apóyate en mí

3 (to, towards) a, hacia

■ the army was advancing on Berlin el ejército avanzaba hacia Berlín

■ on the right/left a la derecha/izquierda

4 (at the edge of) en

■ a village on the coast un pueblo de la costa

■ it's on the border está en la frontera

5 (concerning) sobre

■ a tax on alcohol un impuesto sobre el alcohol

6 (travelling expressions) de

■ we went on a journey nos fuimos de viaje, hicimos un viaje

■ he's on a business trip está de viaje de negocios

■ I was on my way to work iba de camino al trabajo

7 (days, dates, times) no se traduce

■ on Saturday el sábado

■ on Saturdays los sábados

■ on November 3rd el tres de noviembre

■ on Christmas Day el día de Navidad

8 (at the time of, just after) al

■ on arrival al llegar

■ on discovering the body al descubrir el cadáver

9 (as a result of) diferentes traducciones

■ on your advice siguiendo tus consejos

■ based on a true story basado en una historia real

10 (as means of transport) a, en

■ on foot, on horseback, on a bicycle a pie, a caballo, en bicicleta

■ on the train, on the bus, on the underground en el tren, en el autobús, en el metro

11 (regarding, about) sobre, de

■ a talk on birds una charla sobre aves

■ a book on art un libro de arte

12 (by means of) por

■ on the radio, on the TV por la radio, por la tele

■ I'm speaking on the phone estoy hablando por teléfono

13 (using) con

■ how do you get by on your pension? ¿cómo te las arreglas con tu pensión?

■ cars run on petrol los coches funcionan con gasolina

14 (state, process) diferentes traducciones

■ it's on fire se está quemando

■ it's on sale now ya está a la venta

■ she's on a diet está a régimen

■ crime is on the increase los delitos van en aumento

■ on strike en huelga

15 (working for, belonging to) diferentes traducciones

■ he's on the committee forma parte de la comisión

■ on the staff en plantilla

■ whose side are you on? ¿de parte de quién estás?

16 (in possession of) con

■ he was caught with drugs on him lo cogieron con drogas

■ have you got any money on you? ¿llevas dinero?

17 (paid for by) pagado por

■ the drinks are on me! ¡invito yo!

■ it's on the house paga la casa

18 (by comparison with) respecto a

■ sales are up on last year las ventas han aumentado respecto al año pasado

adverb

1 (not stopping) sin parar

■ she kept on talking siguió hablando

■ on with the show! the show must go on! ¡que siga el espectáculo!

2 (movement forward) diferentes traducciones

■ walk on until you get to the church sigue hasta que llegues a la iglesia

■ it's time we were moving on es hora de que nos vayamos

3 (clothes - being worn) puesto,-a

■ she had a cap on llevaba puesta una gorra

■ put a jumper on ponte un jersey

■ keep your coat on no te quites el abrigo

4 (working) diferentes traducciones

■ who left the TV on? ¿quién dejó la TV encendida?

■ don't leave the tap on! ¡no dejes el grifo abierto!

■ could you put a record on? ¿podrías poner un disco?

5 (happening) diferentes traducciones

■ is there anything good on TV? ¿dan algo bueno por la tele?

■ what time is the film on? ¿a qué hora ponen la película?

■ have we got anything on this weekend? ¿tenemos plan para este fin de semana?

adjective

1 (in use) diferentes traducciones

■ is the heating on? ¿está puesta la calefacción?

■ all the lights were on todas las luces estaban encendidas

2 (happening) diferentes traducciones

■ the strike's on la huelga sigue convocada

■ is the party still on? ¿se hace la fiesta?

■ the match is on after all después de todo, el partido se celebra

3 (performing) diferentes traducciones

■ you're on next! ¡sales tú el próximo!

■ they're bringing the sub on hacen salir a jugar el suplente

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

and so on y así sucesivamente

from that day on a partir de aquel día

it's not on no hay derecho, eso no vale

on line SMALLCOMPUTING/SMALL conectado,-a

to be on about hablar de

■ what on earth is he on about? ¿de qué diablos está hablando?

to be on at somebody dar la lata a alguien

to be on for something apuntarse a algo

to go on and on about something seguir dale que dale con algo

to have something on somebody tener algo contra alguien

you're on! ¡trato hecho!

on ['ɑn, 'ɔn] adv

1) (indicating contact with a surface)

put the top on: pon la tapa

he has a hat on: lleva un sombrero puesto

2) (indicating forward movement)

from that moment on: a partir de ese momento

farther on: más adelante

3) (indicating operation or an operating position)

turn the light on: prende la luz

on adj

1) (being in operation)

the radio is on: el radio está prendido

2) (taking place)

the game is on: el juego ha comenzado

3)

to be on to : estar enterado de

on prep

1) (indicating position) : en, sobre, encima de

on the table: en (sobre, encima de) la mesa

shadows on the wall: sombras en la pared

on horseback: a caballo

2) at, to: a

on the right: a la derecha

3) aboard, in: en, a

on the plane: en el avión

he got on the train: subió al tren

4) (indicating time)

she worked on Saturdays: trabajaba los sábados

every hour on the hour: a la hora en punto

5) (indicating means or agency) : por

he cut himself on a tin can: se cortó con una lata

to talk on the telephone: hablar por teléfono

6) (indicating a state or process) : en

on fire: en llamas

on the increase: en aumento

7) (indicating connection or membership) : en

on a committee: en una comisión

8) (indicating an activity)

on vacation: de vacaciones

on a diet: a dieta

9) about, concerning: sobre

a book on insects: un libro sobre insectos

reflect on that: reflexiona sobre eso

on

adj.

• conectado, -a adj.

• en marcha adj.

• encendido, -a adj.

adv.

• encima adv.

prep.

• acerca de prep.

• conectado (Electricidad) prep.

• de prep.

• en prep.

• encendido (Electricidad) prep.

• encima de prep.

• sobre prep.

I ɑːn, ɒn
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating position) en

put it on the table — ponlo en or sobre la mesa

on the ground — en el suelo

he hung it on a hook — lo colgó de un gancho

yellow on a black background — amarillo sobre un fondo negro

I live on Acacia Avenue — (esp AmE) vivo en Acacia Avenue

on the right/left — a la derecha/izquierda

b) ( belonging to) de

the handle on the cup — el asa de la taza

c) ( against)

I hit my head on the shelf — me di con la cabeza contra el estante

he cut his hand on the glass — se cortó la mano con el vidrio

2)

a) ( of clothing)

it looks better on you than me — te queda mejor a ti que a mí

b) ( about one's person)

I didn't have any cash on me — no llevaba dinero encima

they found heroin on him — le encontraron heroína (encima)

3) ( indicating means of transport)

I went on the bus — fui en autobús

we had lunch on the train — comimos en el tren

on a bicycle/horse — en bicicleta/a caballo

on foot — a pie

4)

a) ( playing instrument) a

George Smith on drums — George Smith a la or en la batería

b) (Rad, TV)

I heard it on the radio — lo oí por la radio

I was on TV last night — anoche salí por televisión

the play's on channel 4 — la obra la dan en el canal 4

c) ( recorded on) en

on tape — en cinta

5)

a) ( using equipment)

who's on the computer? — ¿quién está usando la computadora?

you've been on the phone an hour! — hace una hora que estás hablando por teléfono!, hace una hora que estás colgado del teléfono! (fam)

b) ( on duty at) en

to be on the door — estar* en la puerta

c) ( contactable via)

call us on 800 7777 — llámenos al 800 7777

6) ( a member of)

she's on the committee — está en la comisión, es miembro de la comisión

on a team — (AmE) en un equipo

7) ( indicating time)

I went on Monday — fui el lunes

on Wednesdays she goes swimming — los miércoles va a nadar

on the anniversary of her death — en el aniversario de su muerte

on -ing — al + inf

on hearing the news — al enterarse de la noticia

8) (about, concerning) sobre

while we're on the subject — a propósito, ya que estamos hablando de esto

9)

a) (indicating activity, undertaking)

on vacation/safari — de vacaciones/safari

we went on a trip to London — hicimos un viaje a Londres, nos fuimos de viaje a Londres

I went there on business — fui allí en viaje de negocios

he's on a diet — está a dieta, está a or de régimen

b) (working on, studying)

we're on page 45 already — ya vamos por la página 45

I'm still on question 1 — todavía estoy con la pregunta número 1

10) (taking, consuming)

she's on antibiotics — está tomando antibióticos

he's on heroin — es heroinómano

11) (talking about income, available funds)

I manage on less than that — yo me las arreglo con menos de eso

she's on £30,000 — (BrE) gana 30.000 libras al año

12) ( according to)

she wants to stay on her terms — quiere quedarse pero imponiendo sus condiciones

acting on his advice — siguiendo sus consejos

13) ( at the expense of)

this round's on me — a esta ronda invito yo, esta ronda la pago yo

it's on the house — invita la casa, atención de la casa

14)

a) ( in comparison with)

profits are up on last year — los beneficios han aumentado respecto al año pasado

b) (in) (AmE)

20 cents on the dollar — el 20 por ciento

II

adverb

1)

a) ( worn)

she had a blue dress on — llevaba (puesto) or tenía puesto un vestido azul

with no clothes on — sin ropa, desnudo

let's see what it looks like on — a ver cómo queda puesto; see also have on, put on

b) ( in place)

the lid's not on properly — la tapa no está bien puesta

to sew a button on — coser or pegar* un botón

2) ( indicating relative position)

head on — de frente

sideways on — de lado

3) ( indicating progression)

a) ( in space)

drive on — sigue adelante

further on — un poco más allá or más adelante

go on up; I'll follow in a minute — tú ve subiendo que yo ya voy

b) (in time, activity)

from then on — a partir de ese momento

from now on — de ahora en adelante

I have nothing on that day — ese día no tengo ningún compromiso

c)

on and off, off and on: we still see each other on and off todavía nos vemos de vez en cuando; it rained on and off o off and on all week — estuvo lloviendo y parando toda la semana

d)

on and on: the film went on and on la película se hizo interminable or (fam) pesadísima; you don't have to go on and on about it! — no hace falta que sigas dale y dale con lo mismo (fam)

4) ( in phrases)

a)

on about — (BrE colloq)

what's she on about? — ¿de qué está hablando?, pero ¿qué dice?

b)

on at — (BrE colloq)

he's always on at her about the same thing — siempre le está encima con lo mismo

III

adjective

1) (pred)

a) ( functioning)

to be on — \<\<light/TV/radio\>\> estar* encendido, estar* prendido (AmL); \<\<faucet\>\> estar* abierto

the electricity/water isn't on yet — la electricidad/el agua todavía no está conectada

the handbrake is on — el freno de mano está puesto

b) ( on duty)

we work four hours on, four hours off — trabajamos cuatro horas y tenemos otras cuatro de descanso

which of the doctors is on today? — ¿qué médico está de guardia hoy?

2) (pred)

a) ( taking place)

there's a lecture on in there — hay or están dando una conferencia allí

while the conference is on — mientras dure el congreso, hasta que termine el congreso

b) ( due to take place)

the party's definitely on for Friday — la fiesta es or se hace el viernes seguro

is the wedding still on? — ¿no se ha suspendido la boda?

c) ( being presented)

what's on at the Renoir? — (Cin, Rad, Theat, TV) ¿qué dan or (Esp tb) ponen or echan en el Renoir?

is that play still on? — ¿sigue en cartelera la obra?

the exhibition is still on — la exposición sigue abierta

d) (performing, playing)

you're on! — ( Theat) a escena!

I'm only on for about five minutes in Act 3 — sólo salgo cinco minutos en el tercer acto

he has been on for most of the game — ha estado jugando casi todo el partido; see also bring, come, go on

3)

a) (indicating agreement, acceptance) (colloq)

you teach me Spanish and I'll teach you French - you're on! — tú me enseñas español y yo te enseño francés - trato hecho! or te tomo la palabra!

b)

not on — (esp BrE colloq)

that sort of thing just isn't on — ese tipo de cosa no se puede tolerar

the idea of finishing by April was never really on — la idea de terminar para abril nunca fue viable

[ɒn] When on is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg have on, get on, go on, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, such as broadside on, further on, look up the other word.
1. PREP

1) (indicating place, position) en, sobre

• on the ceiling — sobre el techo

• on the Continent — en Europa

• with her hat on her head — con el sombrero puesto

• on page two — en la página dos

• on the right — a la derecha

• on the high seas — en alta mar

• on all sides — por todas partes, por todos lados

• a house on the square — una casa en la plaza

• on the table — en or sobre la mesa

• a meal on the train — una comida en el tren

• hanging on the wall — colgado en la pared

2) (indicating time)

on Friday — el viernes

on Fridays — los viernes

on May 14th — el catorce de mayo

on or about the 8th — el día 8 o por ahí

on and after the 15th — el día 15 y a partir de la misma fecha

• on a day like this — (en) un día como este

on the next day — al día siguiente

on some days it is — hay días cuando lo es

• on the evening of July 2nd — el 2 de julio por la tarde

3) (=at the time of)

on seeing him — al verlo

on my arrival — al llegar, a mi llegada

on my calling to him — al llamarle yo

4) (=about, concerning) sobre, acerca de

a book on physics — un libro de or sobre física

he lectured on Keats — dio una conferencia sobre Keats

Eden on the events of 1956 — lo que dice Eden acerca de los acontecimientos de 1956

have you read Purnell on Churchill? — ¿has leído los comentarios de Purnell sobre Churchill?

have you heard the boss on the new tax? — ¿has oído lo que dice el jefe acerca de la nueva contribución?

while we're on the subject — como hablamos de esto

5) (=towards, against)

the march on Rome — la marcha sobre Roma

an attack on the government — un ataque contra el gobierno

6) (=earning, receiving)

he's on £6,000 a year — gana seis mil libras al año

• a student on a grant — un estudiante con beca

• many live on less than that — muchos viven con menos

7) (=taking, consuming)

• I'm on a milk diet — sigo un régimen lácteo

• he's back on drugs — ha vuelto a drogarse

• he's on heroin — está enganchado a la heroína

• I'm on three pills a day — tomo tres píldoras al día
live on 1.
8) (=engaged in)

I'm on a new project — trabajo sobre un nuevo proyecto

we're on irregular verbs — estamos con los verbos irregulares

• he's away on business — está en viaje de negocios

• to be on holiday — estar de vacaciones

• the company is on tour — la compañía está en gira

9) (indicating membership)

• he's on the committee — es miembro del comité

• he's on the permanent staff — es de plantilla

10) (=playing)

with Louis Armstrong on trumpet — con Louis Armstrong a la trompeta

all the children play on the piano — todos los chicos saben tocar el piano

he played it on the violin — lo tocó al violín

11) (TV, Rad)

• on the radio — en or por la radio

• on television — en or por (la) televisión

there's a good film on TV tonight — esta noche dan una buena película en la tele

• on video — en vídeo

12) (=about one's person)

I haven't any money on me — no llevo dinero encima

13) (=after, according to)

on this model — según este modelo

14) (=compared to)

prices are up on last year('s) — los precios han subido frente a los del año pasado

15) (=at the expense of)

this round's on me — esta ronda la pago yo, invito yo

the tour was on the Council — la gira la pagó el Consejo, corrió el Consejo con los gastos de la gira

- it's on the house

16) liter

woe on woe — dolor sobre dolor

snow on snow — nieve y más nieve

17) (phrases)

• on account of — a causa de

• on good authority — de buena tinta

on his authority — con su autorización

• on average — por término medio

• to swear on the Bible — prestar juramento sobre la Biblia

• on a charge of murder — acusado de homicidio

• on foot — a pie

• on horseback — a caballo

• on pain of — so pena de

• on sale — de venta

• on the telephone — por teléfono

• on time — a la hora, a tiempo
base I, 2., 2)
2. ADV

1) (=in place) [lid etc] puesto

the lid is on — la tapa está puesta

it's not on properly — no está bien puesto
screw on
2) (with clothes)

to have one's boots on — llevar las botas puestas

to have one's coat on — tener el abrigo puesto

what's she got on? — ¿qué lleva puesto?, ¿cómo va vestida?

she had not got much on — iba muy ligera de ropa

3) (indicating time)

from that day on — a partir de aquel día, de aquel día en adelante

• on and off — de vez en cuando, a intervalos

• it was well on in the evening — estaba ya muy entrada la tarde

well on in June — bien entrado junio

they talked well on into the night — hablaron hasta bien entrada la noche

well on in years — entrado en años, que va para viejo
further 1., 1), later 1., 2)
4) (indicating continuation)

to go/walk on — seguir adelante

to read on — seguir leyendo

• he rambled on and on — estuvo dale que dale *, estuvo dale y dale (esp LAm)

• and so on — (=and the rest) y demás; (=etc) etcétera

• on with the show! — ¡que empiece or continúe el espectáculo!

on with the dancing girls! — ¡que salgan las bailarinas!

5) (in phrases)

• what are you on about? * — ¿de qué (me) hablas?

• he's always on at me about it * — me está majando continuamente con eso *
go on
3. ADJ

1) (=functioning, in operation)

to be on — [engine] estar encendido, estar en marcha; [switch] estar encendido or conectado; [machine] estar encendido or funcionando; [light] estar encendido, estar prendido (LAm); [TV set etc] estar encendido, estar puesto, estar prendido (LAm); [tap] estar abierto; [brake etc] estar puesto, estar echado

in the on position — [tap] abierto, en posición de abierto; (Elec) encendido, puesto, prendido (LAm)

2) (=being performed, shown)

the show is now on — ha comenzado el espectáculo

the show is on in London — se ha estrenado el espectáculo en Londres

the show was on for only two weeks — el show estuvo solamente 15 días en cartelera

what's on at the cinema? — ¿qué ponen en el cine?

what's on at the theatre? — ¿qué dan en el teatro?

"what's on in London" — "cartelera de los espectáculos londinenses"

the programme is on in a minute — el programa empieza dentro de un minuto

there's a good film on tonight — hay una película buena esta noche

3) (=taking place)

is the meeting still on tonight? — ¿sigue en pie la reunión de esta noche?, ¿se lleva a cabo siempre la reunión de esta noche? (LAm)

the deal is on — se ha cerrado el trato

4) (=arranged)

have you got anything on this evening? — ¿tienes compromiso para esta noche?

sorry, I've got something on tonight — lo siento, esta noche tengo un compromiso

5) (=performing, working)

to be on — [actor] estar en escena

you're on in five minutes — sales en cinco minutos

are you on next? — ¿te toca a ti la próxima vez?

are you on tomorrow? — (=on duty) ¿trabajas mañana?, ¿estás de turno mañana?

to have one day on and the next off — trabajar un día y el otro no

6) * (indicating agreement, acceptance)

you're on! — ¡te tomo la palabra!

are you still on for dinner tomorrow night? — ¿sigo contando contigo para cenar mañana?

that's not on — (Brit) eso no se hace, no hay derecho

4.

EXCL ¡adelante!

* * *

I [ɑːn, ɒn]
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating position) en

put it on the table — ponlo en or sobre la mesa

on the ground — en el suelo

he hung it on a hook — lo colgó de un gancho

yellow on a black background — amarillo sobre un fondo negro

I live on Acacia Avenue — (esp AmE) vivo en Acacia Avenue

on the right/left — a la derecha/izquierda

b) ( belonging to) de

the handle on the cup — el asa de la taza

c) ( against)

I hit my head on the shelf — me di con la cabeza contra el estante

he cut his hand on the glass — se cortó la mano con el vidrio

2)

a) ( of clothing)

it looks better on you than me — te queda mejor a ti que a mí

b) ( about one's person)

I didn't have any cash on me — no llevaba dinero encima

they found heroin on him — le encontraron heroína (encima)

3) ( indicating means of transport)

I went on the bus — fui en autobús

we had lunch on the train — comimos en el tren

on a bicycle/horse — en bicicleta/a caballo

on foot — a pie

4)

a) ( playing instrument) a

George Smith on drums — George Smith a la or en la batería

b) (Rad, TV)

I heard it on the radio — lo oí por la radio

I was on TV last night — anoche salí por televisión

the play's on channel 4 — la obra la dan en el canal 4

c) ( recorded on) en

on tape — en cinta

5)

a) ( using equipment)

who's on the computer? — ¿quién está usando la computadora?

you've been on the phone an hour! — hace una hora que estás hablando por teléfono!, hace una hora que estás colgado del teléfono! (fam)

b) ( on duty at) en

to be on the door — estar* en la puerta

c) ( contactable via)

call us on 800 7777 — llámenos al 800 7777

6) ( a member of)

she's on the committee — está en la comisión, es miembro de la comisión

on a team — (AmE) en un equipo

7) ( indicating time)

I went on Monday — fui el lunes

on Wednesdays she goes swimming — los miércoles va a nadar

on the anniversary of her death — en el aniversario de su muerte

on -ing — al + inf

on hearing the news — al enterarse de la noticia

8) (about, concerning) sobre

while we're on the subject — a propósito, ya que estamos hablando de esto

9)

a) (indicating activity, undertaking)

on vacation/safari — de vacaciones/safari

we went on a trip to London — hicimos un viaje a Londres, nos fuimos de viaje a Londres

I went there on business — fui allí en viaje de negocios

he's on a diet — está a dieta, está a or de régimen

b) (working on, studying)

we're on page 45 already — ya vamos por la página 45

I'm still on question 1 — todavía estoy con la pregunta número 1

10) (taking, consuming)

she's on antibiotics — está tomando antibióticos

he's on heroin — es heroinómano

11) (talking about income, available funds)

I manage on less than that — yo me las arreglo con menos de eso

she's on £30,000 — (BrE) gana 30.000 libras al año

12) ( according to)

she wants to stay on her terms — quiere quedarse pero imponiendo sus condiciones

acting on his advice — siguiendo sus consejos

13) ( at the expense of)

this round's on me — a esta ronda invito yo, esta ronda la pago yo

it's on the house — invita la casa, atención de la casa

14)

a) ( in comparison with)

profits are up on last year — los beneficios han aumentado respecto al año pasado

b) (in) (AmE)

20 cents on the dollar — el 20 por ciento

II

adverb

1)

a) ( worn)

she had a blue dress on — llevaba (puesto) or tenía puesto un vestido azul

with no clothes on — sin ropa, desnudo

let's see what it looks like on — a ver cómo queda puesto; see also have on, put on

b) ( in place)

the lid's not on properly — la tapa no está bien puesta

to sew a button on — coser or pegar* un botón

2) ( indicating relative position)

head on — de frente

sideways on — de lado

3) ( indicating progression)

a) ( in space)

drive on — sigue adelante

further on — un poco más allá or más adelante

go on up; I'll follow in a minute — tú ve subiendo que yo ya voy

b) (in time, activity)

from then on — a partir de ese momento

from now on — de ahora en adelante

I have nothing on that day — ese día no tengo ningún compromiso

c)

on and off, off and on: we still see each other on and off todavía nos vemos de vez en cuando; it rained on and off o off and on all week — estuvo lloviendo y parando toda la semana

d)

on and on: the film went on and on la película se hizo interminable or (fam) pesadísima; you don't have to go on and on about it! — no hace falta que sigas dale y dale con lo mismo (fam)

4) ( in phrases)

a)

on about — (BrE colloq)

what's she on about? — ¿de qué está hablando?, pero ¿qué dice?

b)

on at — (BrE colloq)

he's always on at her about the same thing — siempre le está encima con lo mismo

III

adjective

1) (pred)

a) ( functioning)

to be on — \<\<light/TV/radio\>\> estar* encendido, estar* prendido (AmL); \<\<faucet\>\> estar* abierto

the electricity/water isn't on yet — la electricidad/el agua todavía no está conectada

the handbrake is on — el freno de mano está puesto

b) ( on duty)

we work four hours on, four hours off — trabajamos cuatro horas y tenemos otras cuatro de descanso

which of the doctors is on today? — ¿qué médico está de guardia hoy?

2) (pred)

a) ( taking place)

there's a lecture on in there — hay or están dando una conferencia allí

while the conference is on — mientras dure el congreso, hasta que termine el congreso

b) ( due to take place)

the party's definitely on for Friday — la fiesta es or se hace el viernes seguro

is the wedding still on? — ¿no se ha suspendido la boda?

c) ( being presented)

what's on at the Renoir? — (Cin, Rad, Theat, TV) ¿qué dan or (Esp tb) ponen or echan en el Renoir?

is that play still on? — ¿sigue en cartelera la obra?

the exhibition is still on — la exposición sigue abierta

d) (performing, playing)

you're on! — ( Theat) a escena!

I'm only on for about five minutes in Act 3 — sólo salgo cinco minutos en el tercer acto

he has been on for most of the game — ha estado jugando casi todo el partido; see also bring, come, go on

3)

a) (indicating agreement, acceptance) (colloq)

you teach me Spanish and I'll teach you French - you're on! — tú me enseñas español y yo te enseño francés - trato hecho! or te tomo la palabra!

b)

not on — (esp BrE colloq)

that sort of thing just isn't on — ese tipo de cosa no se puede tolerar

the idea of finishing by April was never really on — la idea de terminar para abril nunca fue viable

English-spanish dictionary > on
19 on

1.
[ɒn]preposition

1) (position) auf (+ Dat.); (direction) auf (+ Akk.); (attached to) an (+ Dat./Akk.)

put something on the table — etwas auf den Tisch legen od. stellen

be on the table — auf dem Tisch sein

write something on the wall — etwas an die Wand schreiben

be hanging on the wall — an der Wand hängen

have something on one — etwas bei sich (Dat.) haben

on the bus/train — im Bus/Zug; (by bus/train) mit dem Bus/Zug

be on the board/committee — im Vorstand/Ausschuss sein

on Oxford 556767 — unter der Nummer Oxford 55 67 67

2) (with basis, motive, etc. of)

on the evidence — aufgrund des Beweismaterials

on the assumption/hypothesis that... — angenommen,...

3) in expressions of time an [einem Abend, Tag usw.]

on Sundays — sonntags

it's just on nine — es ist gerade neun

on [his] arrival — bei seiner Ankunft

on entering the room... — beim Betreten des Zimmers...

on time or schedule — pünktlich

4) expr. state etc

be on heroin — heroinabhängig sein

the drinks are on me — (coll.) die Getränke gehen auf mich

be on £20,000 a year — 20 000 Pfund im Jahr kriegen od. haben

5) (concerning, about) über (+ Akk.)
2. adverb
1)

with/without a hat/coat on — mit/ohne Hut/Mantel

have a hat on — einen Hut aufhaben

your hat is on crooked — dein Hut sitzt schief

boil something with/without the lid on — etwas in geschlossenem/offenem Topf kochen

the potatoes are on — die Kartoffeln sind aufgesetzt

2) (in some direction)

face on — mit dem Gesicht voran

on and on — immer weiter

3) (switched or turned on)

the light/radio etc. is on — das Licht/Radio usw. ist an

put the light on — das Licht anmachen

is there a gas tap on? — ist ein Gashahn aufgedreht?

4) (arranged)

is Sunday's picnic on? — findet das Picknick am Sonntag statt?

I have nothing of importance on — ich habe nichts Wichtiges vor

5) (being performed)

what's on at the cinema? — was gibt es od. was läuft im Kino?

his play is currently on in London — sein Stück wird zur Zeit in London aufgeführt od. gespielt

6) (on duty)

come/be on — seinen Dienst antreten/Dienst haben

7)

something is on (feasible) /not on — etwas ist möglich/ausgeschlossen

you're on! — (coll.): (I agree) abgemacht!; (making bet) die Wette gilt!

be on about somebody/something — (coll.) [dauernd] über jemanden/etwas sprechen

what is he on about? — was will er [sagen]?

be on at/keep on and on at somebody — (coll.) jemandem in den Ohren/dauernd in den Ohren liegen (ugs.)

on to, onto — auf (+ Akk.)

be on to something — (have discovered something) etwas ausfindig gemacht haben. See also academic.ru/62377/right">right 4. 4)

* * *
[on] 1. preposition
1) (touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: The book was lying on the table; He was standing on the floor; She wore a hat on her head.) auf, in

2) (in or into (a vehicle, train etc): We were sitting on the bus; I got on the wrong bus.) in

3) (at or during a certain day, time etc: on Monday; On his arrival, he went straight to bed.) an, bei

4) (about: a book on the theatre.) über

5) (in the state or process of: He's on holiday.) in

6) (supported by: She was standing on one leg.) auf

7) (receiving, taking: on drugs; on a diet.) auf

8) (taking part in: He is on the committee; Which detective is working on this case?) in, an

9) (towards: They marched on the town.) zu

10) (near or beside: a shop on the main road.) an

11) (by means of: He played a tune on the violin; I spoke to him on the telephone.) auf, an

12) (being carried by: The thief had the stolen jewels on him.) mit

13) (when (something is, or has been, done): On investigation, there proved to be no need to panic.) als

14) (followed by: disaster on disaster.) auf
2. adverb
1) ((especially of something being worn) so as to be touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: She put her hat on.) auf

2) (used to show a continuing state etc, onwards: She kept on asking questions; They moved on.) weiter

3) (( also adjective) (of electric light, machines etc) working: The television is on; Turn/Switch the light on.) an

4) (( also adjective) (of films etc) able to be seen: There's a good film on at the cinema this week.) hinein

5) (( also adjective) in or into a vehicle, train etc: The bus stopped and we got on.) im Gange
3. adjective
1) (in progress: The game was on.) stattfinden

2) (not cancelled: Is the party on tonight?) stattfinden

•

- oncoming
- ongoing
- onwards
- onward
- be on to someone
- be on to
- on and on
- on time
- on to / onto
* * *

on

[ɒn, AM ɑ:n]

I. prep

1. (on top of) auf + dat

there are many books \on my desk auf meinem Tisch sind viele Bücher

look at that cat \on the chair! schau dir die Katze auf dem Stuhl an!

\on top of sth [ganz] oben auf etw dat

2. with verbs of motion (onto) auf + akk

put the pot \on the table! stell den Topf auf den Tisch!

he had to walk out \on the roof er musste auf das Dach hinauf

she hung their washing \on the line to dry sie hängte ihre Wäsche zum Trocknen auf die Leine

let's hang a picture \on the wall lass uns ein Bild an die Wand hängen

to get \on a horse auf ein Pferd aufsteigen, aufsitzen

3. (situated on) an + dat

, auf + dat

our house is \on Sturton Street unser Haus ist in der Sturton Street

they lay \on the beach sie lagen am Strand

the town is \on the island die Stadt ist auf der Insel

her new house is \on the river ihr neues Haus liegt am Fluss

\on the balcony/her estate auf dem Balkon/ihrem Gut

\on the border an der Grenze

the shop \on the corner der Laden an der Ecke

\on the hill/mountain auf dem Hügel/Berg

\on the left/right auf der linken/rechten Seite

\on platform three auf Bahnsteig [o SCHWEIZ Perron] drei m o nt

\on track two an Gleis zwei

4. (from) an + dat

several bird houses hung \on the branches an den Ästen hingen mehrere Nistkästen

a huge chandelier hung \on the ceiling ein großer Kronleuchter hing von der Decke herab

5. (clothing) an + dat

with shoes \on his feet mit Schuhen an den Füßen

the wedding ring \on the ring finger der Ehering am Ringfinger

6. (hurt by) an + dat

I hit my head \on the shelf ich habe mir den Kopf am Regal angestoßen

she tripped \on the wire sie blieb an dem Kabel hängen

he cut his foot \on some glass er hat sich den Fuß an einer Glasscherbe verletzt

to stumble \on sth über etw akk stolpern

7. (supported by a part of the body) auf + dat

to lie \on one's back auf dem Rücken liegen

to stand \on one's head auf dem Kopf stehen

8. (in possession of) bei + dat

to have sth \on one etw bei sich dat haben

I thought I had my driver's licence \on me ich dachte, ich hätte meinen Führerschein dabei

have you got a spare cigarette \on you? hast du eine Zigarette für mich übrig?

9. (marking surface of) auf + dat

how did you get that blood \on your shirt? wie kommt das Blut auf Ihr Hemd?

he had a scratch \on his arm er hatte einen Kratzer am Arm

there was a smile \on her face ein Lächeln lag auf ihrem Gesicht

10. (about) über + akk

a documentary \on volcanoes ein Dokumentarfilm über Vulkane

he needs some advice \on how to dress er braucht ein paar Tipps, wie er sich anziehen soll

essays \on a wide range of issues Aufsätze zu einer Vielzahl von Themen

he commented \on the allegations er nahm Stellung zu den Vorwürfen

he advised her \on her taxes er beriet sie [o gab ihr Ratschläge] in Sachen Steuern

I'll say more \on that subject later ich werde später mehr dazu sagen

they settled \on a price sie einigten sich auf einen Preis

to congratulate sb \on sth jdn zu etw dat gratulieren

to frown \on sth etw missbilligen

to have something/anything \on sb etw gegen jdn in der Hand haben

do the police have anything \on you? hat die Polizei etwas Belastendes gegen dich in der Hand?

11. (based on) auf + akk... hin

he reacted \on a hunch er reagierte auf ein Ahnung hin

he quit his job \on the principle that he did not want to work for an oil company er kündigte seine Stelle, weil er nicht für eine Ölgesellschaft arbeiten wollte

\on account of wegen + gen

they cancelled all flights \on account of the bad weather sie sagten alle Flüge wegen des schlechten Wetters ab

\on purpose mit Absicht, absichtlich

dependent/reliant \on sb/sth abhängig von jdm/etw

to be based \on sth auf etw dat basieren

to be based \on the ideas of freedom and equality auf den Ideen von Freiheit und Gleichheit basieren

to rely \on sb sich akk auf jdn verlassen

12. (as member of) in + dat

how many people are \on your staff? wie viele Mitarbeiter haben Sie?

have you ever served \on a jury? warst du schon einmal Mitglied in einer Jury?

whose side are you \on in this argument? auf welcher Seite stehst du in diesem Streit?

a writer \on a women's magazine eine Autorin bei einer Frauenzeitschrift

13. (against) auf + akk

the dog turned \on its own master der Hund ging auf seinen eigenes Herrchen los

the gangsters pulled a gun \on him die Gangster zielten mit der Pistole auf ihn

thousands were marching \on Cologne Tausenden marschierten auf Köln zu

don't be so hard \on him! sei nicht so streng mit ihm!

criticism has no effect \on him Kritik kann ihm nichts anhaben

he didn't know it but the joke was \on him er wusste nicht, dass es ein Witz über ihn war

two air raids \on Munich zwei Luftangriffe auf München

they placed certain restrictions \on large companies großen Unternehmen wurden bestimmte Beschränkungen auferlegt

there is a new ban \on the drug die Droge wurde erneut verboten

to place a limit \on sth etw begrenzen

to force one's will \on sb jdm seinen Willen aufzwingen

to cheat \on sb jdn betrügen

14. (through device of) an + dat

he's \on the phone er ist am Telefon

she weaved the cloth \on the loom sie webte das Tuch auf dem Webstuhl

Chris is \on drums Chris ist am Schlagzeug

we work \on flexitime wir arbeiten Gleitzeit

\on the piano am Klavier

15. (through medium of) auf + dat

I'd like to see that offer \on paper ich hätte dieses Angebot gerne schriftlich

I saw myself \on film ich sah mich selbst im Film

what's \on TV tonight? was kommt heute Abend im Fernsehen?

do you like the jazz \on radio? gefällt dir der Jazz im Radio?

I heard the story \on the news today ich habe die Geschichte heute in den Nachrichten gehört

a 10-part series \on Channel 3 eine zehnteilige Serie im 3. Programm

to be available \on cassette auf Kassette erhältlich sein

to store sth \on the computer etw im Computer speichern

to put sth down \on paper etw aufschreiben [o BRD, ÖSTERR zu Papier bringen]

to come out \on video als Video herauskommen

16. (in the course of) auf + dat

\on the way to town auf dem Weg in die Stadt

17. (travelling with) in + dat

, mit + dat

I love travelling \on buses/trains ich fahre gerne mit Bussen/Zügen

we went to France \on the ferry wir fuhren mit der Fähre nach Frankreich

he got some sleep \on the plane er konnte im Flugzeug ein wenig schlafen

\on foot/horseback zu Fuß/auf dem Pferd

18. (on day of) an + dat

many shops don't open \on Sundays viele Läden haben an Sonntagen geschlossen

what are you doing \on Friday? was machst du am Freitag?

we always go bowling \on Thursdays wir gehen donnerstags immer kegeln

my birthday's \on the 30th of May ich habe am 30. Mai Geburtstag

\on a very hot evening in July an einem sehr heißen Abend im Juli

\on Saturday morning/Wednesday evening am Samstagvormittag/Mittwochabend

19. (at time of) bei + dat

\on his brother's death beim Tod seines Bruders

\on the count of three, start running! bei drei lauft ihr los!

trains to London leave \on the hour every hour die Züge nach London fahren jeweils zur vollen Stunde

the professor entered the room at 1:00 \on the minute der Professor betrat den Raum auf die Minute genau um 13.00 Uhr

\on receiving her letter als ich ihren Brief erhielt

\on arriving at the station bei der Ankunft im Bahnhof

\on arrival/departure bei der Ankunft/Abreise

\on the dot [auf die Sekunde] pünktlich

to be finished \on schedule planmäßig fertig werden

20. (engaged in) bei + dat

we were \on page 42 wir waren auf Seite 42

he was out \on errands er machte ein paar Besorgungen

we made a big profit \on that deal wir haben bei diesem Geschäft gut verdient

\on business geschäftlich, beruflich

to work \on sth an etw dat arbeiten

21. (regularly taking)

▪ to be \on sth etw nehmen

my doctor put me \on antibiotics mein Arzt setzte mich auf Antibiotika

he lived \on berries and roots er lebte von Beeren und Wurzeln

Richard lives \on a diet of junk food Richard ernährt sich ausschließlich von Junkfood

to be \on drugs unter Drogen stehen, Drogen nehmen

to be \on medication Medikamente einnehmen

22. (paid by) auf + dat; BRIT

she wants it done \on the National Health Service sie möchte, dass die gesetzliche Krankenkasse die Kosten übernimmt

this meal is \on me das Essen bezahle ich

the drinks are \on me die Getränke gebe ich aus

to buy sth \on credit/hire purchase etw auf Kredit/Raten kaufen

23. (sustained by) mit + dat

, von + dat

does this radio run \on batteries? läuft dieses Radio mit Batterien?

I've only got £50 a week to live \on ich lebe von nur 50 Pfund pro Woche

they are living \on their savings sie leben von ihren Ersparnissen

to go \on the dole stempeln gehen

to live \on welfare von Sozialhilfe leben

24. (as payment for) für + akk

I've wasted a lot of money \on this car ich habe für dieses Auto eine Menge Geld ausgegeben

how much interest are you paying \on the loan? wie viel Zinsen zahlst du für diesen Kredit?

25. (added to) zusätzlich zu + dat

a few pence \on the electricity bill ein paar Pfennige mehr bei der Stromrechnung

26. (connected to) an + dat

dogs should be kept \on their leads Hunde sollten an der Leine geführt werden

to be \on the phone AUS, BRIT ans Telefonnetz angeschlossen sein, telefonisch erreichbar sein

we've just moved and we're not \on the phone yet wir sind gerade umgezogen und haben noch kein Telefon

27. (according to) auf + dat

\on the agenda/list auf der Tagesordnung/Liste

\on the whole im Ganzen, insgesamt

\on the whole, it was a good year alles in allem war es ein gutes Jahr

28. (burdening) auf + dat

it's been \on my mind ich muss immer daran denken

she had something \on her heart sie hatte etwas auf dem Herzen

that lie has been \on his conscience diese Lüge lastete auf seinem Gewissen

this is \on your shoulders das liegt in deiner Hand, die Verantwortung liegt bei dir

the future of the company is \on your shoulders du hast die Verantwortung für die Zukunft der Firma

29. (experiencing)

crime is \on the increase again die Verbrechen nehmen wieder zu

I'll be away \on a training course ich mache demnächst einen Ausbildungslehrgang

he's out \on a date with a woman er hat gerade eine Verabredung mit einer Frau

I was \on a long journey ich habe eine lange Reise gemacht

we're going \on vacation in two weeks wir fahren in zwei Wochen in Urlaub

to set sth \on fire etw anzünden

to be \on the go BRIT ( fig) auf Trab sein

did you know that she's got a new book \on the go? hast du gewusst, dass sie gerade ein neues Buch schreibt?

to be \on strike streiken

30. (compared with)

I can't improve \on my final offer dieses Angebot ist mein letztes Wort

sales are up \on last year der Umsatz ist höher als im letzten Jahr

to have nothing [or not have anything] \on sth kein Vergleich mit etw dat sein

my new bike has nothing \on the one that was stolen mein neues Fahrrad ist bei Weitem nicht so gut wie das, das mir gestohlen wurde

31. (by chance)

▪ \on sb ohne jds Verschulden

she was really worried when the phone went dead \on her sie machte sich richtig Sorgen, als das Telefon ausfiel, ohne dass sie etwas getan hatte

the fire went out \on me das Feuer ist mir einfach ausgegangen

to chance \on sb jdn [zufällig] treffen, jdm [zufällig] begegnen

32. after n (following)

the government suffered defeat \on defeat die Regierung erlitt eine Niederlage nach der anderen

wave \on wave of refugees has crossed the border immer neue Flüchtlingswellen strömten über die Grenze

33. AUS, BRIT SPORT (having points of)

Clive's team is \on five points while Joan's is \on seven das Team von Clive hat fünf Punkte, das von Joan hat sieben

34.

▶ to be \on sth BRIT, AUS etw verdienen

▶ \on the board in Planung

▶ to have time \on one's hands noch genug Zeit haben

▶ to be \on it AUS ( fam) sich akk volllaufen lassen fam, sich dat die Kanne geben BRD fam

▶ what are you \on? ( fam) bist du noch bei Sinnen? fam

II. adv inv

1. (in contact with) auf

make sure the lid's \on properly pass auf, dass der Deckel richtig zu ist

they sewed the man's ear back \on sie haben das Ohr des Mannes wieder angenäht

to screw sth \on etw anschrauben

I wish you wouldn't screw the lid \on so tightly schraube den Deckel bitte nicht immer so fest

2. (on body) an

put a jumper \on! zieh einen Pullover drüber!

get your shoes \on! zieh dir die Schuhe an!

to put clothes \on Kleider anziehen [o SCHWEIZ anlegen] fam

to have/try sth \on etw anhaben/anprobieren

with nothing \on nackt

3. (indicating continuance) weiter

to get \on with sth mit etw dat weitermachen

to keep \on doing sth etw weitermachen

if the phone's engaged, keep \on trying! wenn besetzt ist, probier es weiter!

\on and \on immer weiter

the noise just went \on and \on der Lärm hörte gar nicht mehr auf

he talked \on and \on er redete pausenlos

4. (in forward direction) vorwärts

would you pass it \on to Paul? würdest du es an Paul weitergeben?

time's getting \on die Zeit vergeht

from that day \on von diesem Tag an

they never spoke to each other from that day \on seit diesem Tag haben sie kein Wort mehr miteinander gewechselt

later \on später

what are you doing later \on? was hast du nachher vor?

to move \on (move forward) weitergehen; (transfer to another place) umziehen

to urge sb \on jdn anspornen

I'd never have managed this if my friend hadn't urged me \on ich hätte das nie geschafft, wenn mein Freund mich nicht dazu gedrängt hätte

5. (being shown)

▪ to be \on auf dem Programm stehen

are there any good films \on at the cinema this week? laufen in dieser Woche irgendwelche guten Filme im Kino?

what's \on at the festival? was ist für das Festival geplant?

there's a good film \on this afternoon heute Nachmittag kommt ein guter Film

6. (scheduled) geplant

is the party still \on for tomorrow? ist die Party noch für morgen geplant?

I've got nothing \on next week ich habe nächste Woche nichts vor

I've got a lot \on this week ich habe mir für diese Woche eine Menge vorgenommen

7. (functioning) an

the brakes are \on die Bremsen sind angezogen

is the central heating \on? ist die Zentralheizung an?

to put the kettle \on das Wasser aufsetzen

to leave the light \on das Licht anlassen

to switch/turn sth \on etw einschalten

could you switch \on the radio? könntest du das Radio anmachen?

8. (aboard)

the horse galloped off as soon as she was \on kaum war sie aufgesessen, da galoppierte das Pferd schon los

to get \on bus, train einsteigen; horse aufsitzen

9. (due to perform)

you're \on! du bist dran!

10.

▪ to be \on employee Dienst haben, im Dienst sein; actor auf der Bühne stehen, spielen

11. AM (performing well)

▪ to be \on gut drauf sein fam

12.

▶ to be \on about sth AUS, BRIT dauernd über etw akk reden

what are you \on about? wovon redest du denn nun schon wieder?

he knows what he's \on about er weiß, wovon er redet

I never understand what she's \on about ich verstehe nie, wovon sie es hat fam

▶ to be [or get] \on at sb jdm in den Ohren liegen

she's still \on at me to get my hair cut sie drängt mich dauernd, mir die Haare schneiden zu lassen

▶ to be \on AM aufpassen

▶ to hang \on warten

▶ head \on frontal

▶ that's not \on BRIT, AUS ( fam) das ist nicht in Ordnung

▶ \on and off, off and \on hin und wieder, ab und zu

▶ side [or sideways] \on AUS, BRIT seitlich

the bike hit our car side \on das Rad prallte von der Seite auf unser Auto

▶ to be \on to something ( fam) etw spitzgekriegt haben fam

▶ to be \on to sb ( fam) jds Absichten durchschauen

▶ this way \on AUS, BRIT auf diese Weise

▶ to be well \on spät sein

▶ to be well \on in years nicht mehr der Jüngste sein

▶ you're \on! einverstanden!, abgemacht! fam

III. adj inv, attr

1. AM (good) gut

this seems to be one of her \on days es scheint einer von ihren guten Tagen zu sein

2. ELEC, TECH

\on switch Einschalter m

* * *
[ɒn]
1. PREPOSITION
When on is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg live on, lecture on, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg on the right, on request, on occasion, look up the other word.
1) indicating place, position auf (+dat); (with vb of motion) auf (+acc); (on vertical surface, part of body) an (+dat); (with vb of motion) an (+acc)

the book is on the table — das Buch ist auf dem Tisch

he put the book on the table — er legte das Buch auf den Tisch

it was on the blackboard — es stand an der Tafel

he hung it on the wall/nail — er hängte es an die Wand/den Nagel

a house on the coast/main road — ein Haus am Meer/an der Hauptstraße

on the bank of the river — am Flussufer

with a smile on her face — mit einem Lächeln auf den Lippen

a ring on his finger — ein Ring am Finger

her name is on the list — ihr Name ist auf der Liste

he hit his head on the table/on the ground — er hat sich (dat) den Kopf am Tisch/auf dem or am Boden angeschlagen

they came on(to) the stage — sie kamen auf die Bühne

they advanced on the fort — sie rückten zum Fort vor

on TV/the radio — im Fernsehen/Radio

on video — auf Video

held on computer — auf Computer (dat) gespeichert

who's on his show tonight? — wer ist heute in seiner Show?

I have no money on me — ich habe kein Geld bei mir

we had something to eat on the train — wir haben im Zug etwas gegessen

2)

= by means of, using we went on the train/bus — wir fuhren mit dem Zug/Bus

on a bicycle — mit dem ( Fahr)rad

on foot/horseback — zu Fuß/Pferd

the heating runs on oil — die Heizung wird mit Öl betrieben

to count sth on one's fingers — etw an den Fingern abzählen

3) = about, concerning über (+acc)

a book on German grammar we read Stalin on Marx — ein Buch über deutsche Grammatik wir lasen Stalins Ausführungen zu Marx

have you heard him on the subject? — haben Sie ihn zu diesem Thema gehört?

4) in expressions of time an (+dat)

on Sunday — (am) Sonntag

on Sundays — sonntags

on December the first — am ersten Dezember

stars visible on clear nights — Sterne, die in klaren Nächten sichtbar sind

on or about the twentieth — um den Zwanzigsten herum

on and after the twentieth — am Zwanzigsten und danach

5)

= earning, getting I'm on £18,000 a year — ich bekomme £ 18.000 im Jahr

how much are you on? — wie viel verdienst or bekommst du?

he retired on a good pension — er trat mit einer guten Rente in den Ruhestand

6) = at the time of bei (+dat)

on my arrival — bei meiner Ankunft

on examination — bei der Untersuchung

on hearing this he left — als er das hörte, ging er

7) = as a result of auf... (acc) hin

on receiving my letter — auf meinen Brief hin

8) indicating membership in (+dat)

he is on the committee/the board — er gehört dem Ausschuss/Vorstand an, er sitzt im Ausschuss/Vorstand

he is on the "Evening News" — er ist bei der "Evening News"

he is on the teaching staff — er gehört zum Lehrpersonal

9)

= doing to be on a course (Sch, Univ) — an einem Kurs teilnehmen

I am working on a new project — ich arbeite gerade an einem neuen Projekt

he was away on business — er war geschäftlich unterwegs

I am on overtime — ich mache Überstunden

we're on the past tense (Sch) — wir sind bei der Vergangenheit

we were on page 72 — wir waren auf Seite 72

10)

= at the expense of this round is on me — diese Runde geht auf meine Kosten

have it on me — das spendiere ich (dir), ich gebe (dir) das aus

See:

→ house

11) = compared with im Vergleich zu

prices are up on last year( 's) — im Vergleich zum letzten Jahr sind die Preise gestiegen

12)

= taking to be on drugs/the pill — Drogen/die Pille nehmen

what is he on? (inf) — er tickt wohl nicht ganz richtig! (inf)

13)

indicating repetition he made mistake on mistake — er machte einen Fehler nach dem anderen

14)

musical instrument he played (it) on the violin/trumpet — er spielte (es) auf der Geige/Trompete

on drums/piano — am Schlagzeug/Klavier

Roland Kirk on tenor sax — Roland Kirk, Tenorsaxofon

15) = according to nach (+dat)

on your theory — Ihrer Theorie nach or zufolge, nach Ihrer Theorie

2. ADVERB

1)

= in place, covering he screwed the lid on — er schraubte den Deckel drauf

she had nothing on —

what did he have on? — was hatte er an?

he had his hat on crooked — er hatte den Hut schief auf

he put his hat on — er setzte seinen Hut auf

he put his coat on — er zog seinen Mantel an

2)

indicating position put it this way on — stellen/legen Sie es so herum (darauf)

sideways on — längs

3)

indicating forward movement move on! — gehen Sie weiter!, weitergehen!

on! on! — weiter! weiter!

to pass a message on — eine Nachricht weitergeben

4)

indicating time from now on — von jetzt an

from that day on — von diesem Tag an

later on — später

it was well on in the night — es war zu vorgerückter Stunde, es war spät in der Nacht

it was well on into September — es war spät im September

early on in her career — schon früh in ihrer Karriere

5)

indicating continuation to keep on talking — immer weiterreden, in einem fort reden

they walked on in silence — sie gingen schweigend weiter

go on with your work — machen Sie Ihre Arbeit weiter

6)

set structures __diams; on and on they talked on and on — sie redeten und redeten, sie redeten unentwegt

the noise went on and on — der Lärm hörte überhaupt nicht auf

she went on and on — sie hörte gar nicht mehr auf __diams; to be on at sb

he's always on at me — er hackt dauernd auf mir herum, er meckert dauernd an mir herum (inf)

he's always on at me to get my hair cut — er liegt mir dauernd in den Ohren, dass ich mir die Haare schneiden lassen soll

he's been on at me about that several times — er ist mir ein paar Mal damit gekommen (inf) __diams; to be on about sth

she's always on about her experiences in Italy — sie kommt dauernd mit ihren Italienerfahrungen (inf)

what's he on about? —

he knows what he's on about — er weiß, wovon er redet

3. ADJECTIVE

1) = switched on, functioning lights, TV, radio an; brake angezogen; electricity, gas an(gestellt)

to leave the engine on — den Motor laufen lassen

the "on" switch — der Einschalter

in the "on" position —

it wasn't one of his on days (inf) — er war nicht gerade in Form

2) = in place lid, cover drauf

his hat/tie was on crookedly — sein Hut saß/sein Schlips hing schief

his hat/coat was already on — er hatte den Hut schon auf/den Mantel schon an

3)

= taking place there's a tennis match on at the moment — ein Tennismatch ist gerade im Gang

there's a tennis match on tomorrow — morgen findet ein Tennismatch statt

I have nothing on tonight — ich habe heute Abend nichts vor

what's on in London? —

there's never anything on in this town — in dieser Stadt ist nie was los

the search is on for a new managing director — jetzt wird nach einem neuen Geschäftsführer gesucht

4)

= being performed, performing to be on (in theatre, cinema) — gegeben or gezeigt werden; (on TV, radio) gesendet or gezeigt werden

still on? — läuft das Programm noch?

what's on tonight? — was ist or steht heute Abend auf dem Programm?

who's on tonight? (Theat, Film) — wer spielt heute Abend?, wer tritt heute Abend auf?; (TV) wer kommt heute Abend (im Fernsehen)?

you're on now (Theat, Rad, TV) — Ihr Auftritt!, Sie sind (jetzt) dran (inf)

tell me when the English team is on — sagen Sie mir, wenn die englische Mannschaft dran ist or drankommt

5)

indicating agreement, acceptability to be on (bet, agreement) — gelten

you're on! —

are you on? ( inf = are you with us ) —,, machst du mit?

are you on for dinner tonight? — sehen wir uns zum Abendessen?

you're/he's not on ( Brit inf ) — das ist nicht drin (inf)

his behaviour was really not on ( Brit inf ) — sein Benehmen war unmöglich

* * *

on [ɒn; US auch ɑn]

A präp

1. meist auf (dat oder akk) ( siehe die mit on verbundenen Wörter)

2. (getragen von) auf (dat), an (dat), in (dat):

the scar on his face die Narbe in seinem Gesicht;

a ring on one’s finger ein Ring am Finger;

have you got a lighter on you? haben Sie ein Feuerzeug bei sich?;

find sth on sb etwas bei jemandem finden

3. (festgemacht oder sehr nahe) an (dat):

the dog is on the chain;

on the Thames

4. (Richtung, Ziel) auf (akk) … (hin), an (akk), zu:

a blow on the chin ein Schlag ans Kinn;

drop sth on the floor etwas auf den Fußboden oder zu Boden fallen lassen;

hang sth on a peg etwas an einen Haken hängen

5. fig (auf der Grundlage von) auf (akk) … (hin):

based on facts auf Tatsachen begründet;

live on air von (der) Luft leben;

this car runs on petrol dieser Wagen fährt mit Benzin;

a scholar on a foundation ein Stipendiat (einer Stiftung);

borrow on jewels sich auf Schmuck(stücke) Geld borgen;

a duty on silk (ein) Zoll auf Seide;

interest on one’s capital Zinsen auf sein Kapital

6. (aufeinanderfolgend) auf (akk), über (akk), nach:

loss on loss Verlust auf oder über Verlust, ein Verlust nach dem andern;

be on one’s second glass bei seinem zweiten Glas sein

7. (gehörig) zu, (beschäftigt) bei, in (dat), an (dat):

be on a committee (the jury, the general staff) zu einem Ausschuss (zu den Geschworenen, zum Generalstab) gehören;

be on the “Daily Mail” bei der „Daily Mail“ (beschäftigt) sein

8. (Zustand) in (dat), auf (dat):

be on sth etwas (ein Medikament etc) (ständig) nehmen;

be on pills tablettenabhängig oder -süchtig sein

9. (gerichtet) auf (akk):

an attack on sb (sth);

a joke on me ein Spaß auf meine Kosten;

shut (open) the door on sb jemandem die Tür verschließen (öffnen);

the strain tells severely on him die Anstrengung nimmt ihn sichtlich mit;

it’s on me umg das geht auf meine Rechnung, das zahle ich, (im Lokal auch) du bist eingeladen;

have nothing on sb umg

a) jemandem nichts voraus haben,

b) jemandem nichts anhaben können;

have sth on sb umg eine Handhabe gegen jemanden haben, etwas Belastendes über jemanden wissen

10. (Thema) über (akk):

an agreement (a lecture, an opinion) on sth;

talk on a subject

11. (Zeitpunkt) an (dat):

on Sunday, on the 1st of April, on April 1st;

on or after April 1st ab oder mit Wirkung vom 1. April;

on or before April 1st bis zum oder bis spätestens am 1. April;

on being asked als ich etc (danach) gefragt wurde

12. nachdem:

on leaving school, he … nachdem er die Schule verlassen hatte, …

13. gegenüber, im Vergleich zu:

losses were £100,000 down on the previous year

B adv

1. (a in Zusammensetzungen mit Verben) (dar)auf(…):

place ( screw, etc) on

2. besonders Kleidung:

a) an…:

have (put) a coat on

b) auf…:

keep one’s hat on

3. (a in Zusammensetzungen mit Verben) weiter(…):

talk ( walk, etc) on;

and so on und so weiter;

on and on immer weiter;

on and off

a) ab und zu,

b) ab und an, mit Unterbrechungen;

from that day on von dem Tage an;

on with the show! weiter im Programm!;

on to … auf (akk) … (hinauf oder hinaus)

C adj präd

1. be on

a) im Gange sein (Spiel etc), vor sich gehen:

what’s on? was ist los?;

what’s on in London? was ist in London los?, was tut sich in London?;

have you anything on tomorrow? haben Sie morgen etwas vor?;

that’s not on! das ist nicht drin! umg

b) an sein umg (Licht, Radio, Wasser etc), an-, eingeschaltet sein, laufen, auf sein umg (Hahn):

on - off TECH An - Aus;

the light is on das Licht brennt oder ist an(geschaltet);

the brakes are on die Bremsen sind angezogen;

the race is on SPORT das Rennen ist gestartet;

you are on! abgemacht!

c) THEAT gegeben werden (Stück), laufen (Film), ( RADIO, TV) gesendet werden (Programm)

d) d(a)ran (an der Reihe) sein

e) (mit) dabei sein, mitmachen

2. be on to umg etwas spitzgekriegt haben, über jemanden od etwas im Bilde sein

3. umg be a bit on einen Schwips haben;

be well on ganz schön blau sein

4. he’s always on at me umg er bearbeitet mich ständig, er liegt mir dauernd in den Ohren ( beide:

about wegen)

* * *
1.
[ɒn]preposition

1) (position) auf (+ Dat.); (direction) auf (+ Akk.); (attached to) an (+ Dat./Akk.)

put something on the table — etwas auf den Tisch legen od. stellen

be on the table — auf dem Tisch sein

write something on the wall — etwas an die Wand schreiben

be hanging on the wall — an der Wand hängen

have something on one — etwas bei sich (Dat.) haben

on the bus/train — im Bus/Zug; (by bus/train) mit dem Bus/Zug

be on the board/committee — im Vorstand/Ausschuss sein

on Oxford 556767 — unter der Nummer Oxford 55 67 67

2) (with basis, motive, etc. of)

on the evidence — aufgrund des Beweismaterials

on the assumption/hypothesis that... — angenommen,...

3) in expressions of time an [einem Abend, Tag usw.]

on Sundays — sonntags

it's just on nine — es ist gerade neun

on [his] arrival — bei seiner Ankunft

on entering the room... — beim Betreten des Zimmers...

on time or schedule — pünktlich

4) expr. state etc

be on heroin — heroinabhängig sein

the drinks are on me — (coll.) die Getränke gehen auf mich

be on £20,000 a year — 20 000 Pfund im Jahr kriegen od. haben

5) (concerning, about) über (+ Akk.)
2. adverb
1)

with/without a hat/coat on — mit/ohne Hut/Mantel

have a hat on — einen Hut aufhaben

your hat is on crooked — dein Hut sitzt schief

boil something with/without the lid on — etwas in geschlossenem/offenem Topf kochen

the potatoes are on — die Kartoffeln sind aufgesetzt

2) (in some direction)

face on — mit dem Gesicht voran

on and on — immer weiter

3) (switched or turned on)

the light/radio etc. is on — das Licht/Radio usw. ist an

put the light on — das Licht anmachen

is there a gas tap on? — ist ein Gashahn aufgedreht?

4) (arranged)

is Sunday's picnic on? — findet das Picknick am Sonntag statt?

I have nothing of importance on — ich habe nichts Wichtiges vor

5) (being performed)

what's on at the cinema? — was gibt es od. was läuft im Kino?

his play is currently on in London — sein Stück wird zur Zeit in London aufgeführt od. gespielt

6) (on duty)

come/be on — seinen Dienst antreten/Dienst haben

7)

something is on (feasible) /not on — etwas ist möglich/ausgeschlossen

you're on! — (coll.): (I agree) abgemacht!; (making bet) die Wette gilt!

be on about somebody/something — (coll.) [dauernd] über jemanden/etwas sprechen

what is he on about? — was will er [sagen]?

be on at/keep on and on at somebody — (coll.) jemandem in den Ohren/dauernd in den Ohren liegen (ugs.)

on to, onto — auf (+ Akk.)

be on to something — (have discovered something) etwas ausfindig gemacht haben. See also right 4. 4)

* * *

adj.

eingeschaltet adj.

in adj. prep.

an präp.

auf präp.

bei präp.

über präp.

English-german dictionary > on
20 ON

on
1. preposition
1) (touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: The book was lying on the table; He was standing on the floor; She wore a hat on her head.) sobre, encima de, en

2) (in or into (a vehicle, train etc): We were sitting on the bus; I got on the wrong bus.) en

3) (at or during a certain day, time etc: on Monday; On his arrival, he went straight to bed.) a; el, los

4) (about: a book on the theatre.) sobre

5) (in the state or process of: He's on holiday.) en, de

6) (supported by: She was standing on one leg.) sobre, en

7) (receiving, taking: on drugs; on a diet.) con, a

8) (taking part in: He is on the committee; Which detective is working on this case?) en

9) (towards: They marched on the town.) a, hacia

10) (near or beside: a shop on the main road.) en

11) (by means of: He played a tune on the violin; I spoke to him on the telephone.) por

12) (being carried by: The thief had the stolen jewels on him.) con

13) (when (something is, or has been, done): On investigation, there proved to be no need to panic.) en

14) (followed by: disaster on disaster.) tras

2. adverb
1) ((especially of something being worn) so as to be touching, fixed to, covering etc the upper or outer side of: She put her hat on.) en

2) (used to show a continuing state etc, onwards: She kept on asking questions; They moved on.) continuamente, sin parar

3) ((also adjective) (of electric light, machines etc) working: The television is on; Turn/Switch the light on.) en marcha, en funcionamiento

4) ((also adjective) (of films etc) able to be seen: There's a good film on at the cinema this week.) en exhibición, en cartelera

5) ((also adjective) in or into a vehicle, train etc: The bus stopped and we got on.) a bordo

3. adjective
1) (in progress: The game was on.) en curso

2) (not cancelled: Is the party on tonight?) en pie

•

- oncoming
- ongoing
- onwards
- onward
- be on to someone
- be on to
- on and on
- on time
- on to / onto

on¹ adv

1. encendido / puesto

the light is on la luz está encendida

the heating is on la calefacción está puesta

2. abierto

the tap is on el grifo está abierto

3. puesto

he had no shoes on no llevaba zapatos

put your coat on ponte el abrigo

4.

what time is the programme on? ¿a qué hora dan el programa?

5. adelante / sin parar

the policeman told him to stop, but he drove on el policía le dijo que parara, pero siguió adelante

she saw me, but she just walked on me vio, pero siguió su camino

on² prep

1. en / sobre

she put the money on the table puso el dinero sobre la mesa

2. en

there were a lot of people on the train había mucha gente en el tren

3.

his birthday is on March 2nd su cumpleaños es el 2 de marzo

I'll see you on Friday nos vemos el viernes

she goes dancing on Saturdays va a bailar los sábados

4. en

what's on at the cinema? ¿qué echan en el cine?

5. sobre

a book on trains un libro sobre los trenes

on foot a pie

on the left / on the right a la izquierda / a la derechaon seguido de un gerundio se traduce al español por al más el infinitivo

on arriving, she phoned her mother al llegar, llamó a su madre

on

tr[ɒn]

preposition

1 (covering or touching) sobre, encima de, en

■ put it on the floor ponlo en el suelo

■ it's on the table está encima de la mesa

■ on page 45 en la página 45

■ the ball hit me on the head el balón me dio en la cabeza

2 (supported by, hanging from) en

■ she put the picture on the wall colgó el cuadro en la pared

■ lean on me apóyate en mí

3 (to, towards) a, hacia

■ the army was advancing on Berlin el ejército avanzaba hacia Berlín

■ on the right/left a la derecha/izquierda

4 (at the edge of) en

■ a village on the coast un pueblo de la costa

■ it's on the border está en la frontera

5 (concerning) sobre

■ a tax on alcohol un impuesto sobre el alcohol

6 (travelling expressions) de

■ we went on a journey nos fuimos de viaje, hicimos un viaje

■ he's on a business trip está de viaje de negocios

■ I was on my way to work iba de camino al trabajo

7 (days, dates, times) no se traduce

■ on Saturday el sábado

■ on Saturdays los sábados

■ on November 3rd el tres de noviembre

■ on Christmas Day el día de Navidad

8 (at the time of, just after) al

■ on arrival al llegar

■ on discovering the body al descubrir el cadáver

9 (as a result of) diferentes traducciones

■ on your advice siguiendo tus consejos

■ based on a true story basado en una historia real

10 (as means of transport) a, en

■ on foot, on horseback, on a bicycle a pie, a caballo, en bicicleta

■ on the train, on the bus, on the underground en el tren, en el autobús, en el metro

11 (regarding, about) sobre, de

■ a talk on birds una charla sobre aves

■ a book on art un libro de arte

12 (by means of) por

■ on the radio, on the TV por la radio, por la tele

■ I'm speaking on the phone estoy hablando por teléfono

13 (using) con

■ how do you get by on your pension? ¿cómo te las arreglas con tu pensión?

■ cars run on petrol los coches funcionan con gasolina

14 (state, process) diferentes traducciones

■ it's on fire se está quemando

■ it's on sale now ya está a la venta

■ she's on a diet está a régimen

■ crime is on the increase los delitos van en aumento

■ on strike en huelga

15 (working for, belonging to) diferentes traducciones

■ he's on the committee forma parte de la comisión

■ on the staff en plantilla

■ whose side are you on? ¿de parte de quién estás?

16 (in possession of) con

■ he was caught with drugs on him lo cogieron con drogas

■ have you got any money on you? ¿llevas dinero?

17 (paid for by) pagado por

■ the drinks are on me! ¡invito yo!

■ it's on the house paga la casa

18 (by comparison with) respecto a

■ sales are up on last year las ventas han aumentado respecto al año pasado

adverb

1 (not stopping) sin parar

■ she kept on talking siguió hablando

■ on with the show! the show must go on! ¡que siga el espectáculo!

2 (movement forward) diferentes traducciones

■ walk on until you get to the church sigue hasta que llegues a la iglesia

■ it's time we were moving on es hora de que nos vayamos

3 (clothes - being worn) puesto,-a

■ she had a cap on llevaba puesta una gorra

■ put a jumper on ponte un jersey

■ keep your coat on no te quites el abrigo

4 (working) diferentes traducciones

■ who left the TV on? ¿quién dejó la TV encendida?

■ don't leave the tap on! ¡no dejes el grifo abierto!

■ could you put a record on? ¿podrías poner un disco?

5 (happening) diferentes traducciones

■ is there anything good on TV? ¿dan algo bueno por la tele?

■ what time is the film on? ¿a qué hora ponen la película?

■ have we got anything on this weekend? ¿tenemos plan para este fin de semana?

adjective

1 (in use) diferentes traducciones

■ is the heating on? ¿está puesta la calefacción?

■ all the lights were on todas las luces estaban encendidas

2 (happening) diferentes traducciones

■ the strike's on la huelga sigue convocada

■ is the party still on? ¿se hace la fiesta?

■ the match is on after all después de todo, el partido se celebra

3 (performing) diferentes traducciones

■ you're on next! ¡sales tú el próximo!

■ they're bringing the sub on hacen salir a jugar el suplente

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

and so on y así sucesivamente

from that day on a partir de aquel día

it's not on no hay derecho, eso no vale

on line SMALLCOMPUTING/SMALL conectado,-a

to be on about hablar de

■ what on earth is he on about? ¿de qué diablos está hablando?

to be on at somebody dar la lata a alguien

to be on for something apuntarse a algo

to go on and on about something seguir dale que dale con algo

to have something on somebody tener algo contra alguien

you're on! ¡trato hecho!

on ['ɑn, 'ɔn] adv

1) (indicating contact with a surface)

put the top on: pon la tapa

he has a hat on: lleva un sombrero puesto

2) (indicating forward movement)

from that moment on: a partir de ese momento

farther on: más adelante

3) (indicating operation or an operating position)

turn the light on: prende la luz

on adj

1) (being in operation)

the radio is on: el radio está prendido

2) (taking place)

the game is on: el juego ha comenzado

3)

to be on to : estar enterado de

on prep

1) (indicating position) : en, sobre, encima de

on the table: en (sobre, encima de) la mesa

shadows on the wall: sombras en la pared

on horseback: a caballo

2) at, to: a

on the right: a la derecha

3) aboard, in: en, a

on the plane: en el avión

he got on the train: subió al tren

4) (indicating time)

she worked on Saturdays: trabajaba los sábados

every hour on the hour: a la hora en punto

5) (indicating means or agency) : por

he cut himself on a tin can: se cortó con una lata

to talk on the telephone: hablar por teléfono

6) (indicating a state or process) : en

on fire: en llamas

on the increase: en aumento

7) (indicating connection or membership) : en

on a committee: en una comisión

8) (indicating an activity)

on vacation: de vacaciones

on a diet: a dieta

9) about, concerning: sobre

a book on insects: un libro sobre insectos

reflect on that: reflexiona sobre eso

on

adj.

• conectado, -a adj.

• en marcha adj.

• encendido, -a adj.

adv.

• encima adv.

prep.

• acerca de prep.

• conectado (Electricidad) prep.

• de prep.

• en prep.

• encendido (Electricidad) prep.

• encima de prep.

• sobre prep.

I ɑːn, ɒn
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating position) en

put it on the table — ponlo en or sobre la mesa

on the ground — en el suelo

he hung it on a hook — lo colgó de un gancho

yellow on a black background — amarillo sobre un fondo negro

I live on Acacia Avenue — (esp AmE) vivo en Acacia Avenue

on the right/left — a la derecha/izquierda

b) ( belonging to) de

the handle on the cup — el asa de la taza

c) ( against)

I hit my head on the shelf — me di con la cabeza contra el estante

he cut his hand on the glass — se cortó la mano con el vidrio

2)

a) ( of clothing)

it looks better on you than me — te queda mejor a ti que a mí

b) ( about one's person)

I didn't have any cash on me — no llevaba dinero encima

they found heroin on him — le encontraron heroína (encima)

3) ( indicating means of transport)

I went on the bus — fui en autobús

we had lunch on the train — comimos en el tren

on a bicycle/horse — en bicicleta/a caballo

on foot — a pie

4)

a) ( playing instrument) a

George Smith on drums — George Smith a la or en la batería

b) (Rad, TV)

I heard it on the radio — lo oí por la radio

I was on TV last night — anoche salí por televisión

the play's on channel 4 — la obra la dan en el canal 4

c) ( recorded on) en

on tape — en cinta

5)

a) ( using equipment)

who's on the computer? — ¿quién está usando la computadora?

you've been on the phone an hour! — hace una hora que estás hablando por teléfono!, hace una hora que estás colgado del teléfono! (fam)

b) ( on duty at) en

to be on the door — estar* en la puerta

c) ( contactable via)

call us on 800 7777 — llámenos al 800 7777

6) ( a member of)

she's on the committee — está en la comisión, es miembro de la comisión

on a team — (AmE) en un equipo

7) ( indicating time)

I went on Monday — fui el lunes

on Wednesdays she goes swimming — los miércoles va a nadar

on the anniversary of her death — en el aniversario de su muerte

on -ing — al + inf

on hearing the news — al enterarse de la noticia

8) (about, concerning) sobre

while we're on the subject — a propósito, ya que estamos hablando de esto

9)

a) (indicating activity, undertaking)

on vacation/safari — de vacaciones/safari

we went on a trip to London — hicimos un viaje a Londres, nos fuimos de viaje a Londres

I went there on business — fui allí en viaje de negocios

he's on a diet — está a dieta, está a or de régimen

b) (working on, studying)

we're on page 45 already — ya vamos por la página 45

I'm still on question 1 — todavía estoy con la pregunta número 1

10) (taking, consuming)

she's on antibiotics — está tomando antibióticos

he's on heroin — es heroinómano

11) (talking about income, available funds)

I manage on less than that — yo me las arreglo con menos de eso

she's on £30,000 — (BrE) gana 30.000 libras al año

12) ( according to)

she wants to stay on her terms — quiere quedarse pero imponiendo sus condiciones

acting on his advice — siguiendo sus consejos

13) ( at the expense of)

this round's on me — a esta ronda invito yo, esta ronda la pago yo

it's on the house — invita la casa, atención de la casa

14)

a) ( in comparison with)

profits are up on last year — los beneficios han aumentado respecto al año pasado

b) (in) (AmE)

20 cents on the dollar — el 20 por ciento

II

adverb

1)

a) ( worn)

she had a blue dress on — llevaba (puesto) or tenía puesto un vestido azul

with no clothes on — sin ropa, desnudo

let's see what it looks like on — a ver cómo queda puesto; see also have on, put on

b) ( in place)

the lid's not on properly — la tapa no está bien puesta

to sew a button on — coser or pegar* un botón

2) ( indicating relative position)

head on — de frente

sideways on — de lado

3) ( indicating progression)

a) ( in space)

drive on — sigue adelante

further on — un poco más allá or más adelante

go on up; I'll follow in a minute — tú ve subiendo que yo ya voy

b) (in time, activity)

from then on — a partir de ese momento

from now on — de ahora en adelante

I have nothing on that day — ese día no tengo ningún compromiso

c)

on and off, off and on: we still see each other on and off todavía nos vemos de vez en cuando; it rained on and off o off and on all week — estuvo lloviendo y parando toda la semana

d)

on and on: the film went on and on la película se hizo interminable or (fam) pesadísima; you don't have to go on and on about it! — no hace falta que sigas dale y dale con lo mismo (fam)

4) ( in phrases)

a)

on about — (BrE colloq)

what's she on about? — ¿de qué está hablando?, pero ¿qué dice?

b)

on at — (BrE colloq)

he's always on at her about the same thing — siempre le está encima con lo mismo

III

adjective

1) (pred)

a) ( functioning)

to be on — \<\<light/TV/radio\>\> estar* encendido, estar* prendido (AmL); \<\<faucet\>\> estar* abierto

the electricity/water isn't on yet — la electricidad/el agua todavía no está conectada

the handbrake is on — el freno de mano está puesto

b) ( on duty)

we work four hours on, four hours off — trabajamos cuatro horas y tenemos otras cuatro de descanso

which of the doctors is on today? — ¿qué médico está de guardia hoy?

2) (pred)

a) ( taking place)

there's a lecture on in there — hay or están dando una conferencia allí

while the conference is on — mientras dure el congreso, hasta que termine el congreso

b) ( due to take place)

the party's definitely on for Friday — la fiesta es or se hace el viernes seguro

is the wedding still on? — ¿no se ha suspendido la boda?

c) ( being presented)

what's on at the Renoir? — (Cin, Rad, Theat, TV) ¿qué dan or (Esp tb) ponen or echan en el Renoir?

is that play still on? — ¿sigue en cartelera la obra?

the exhibition is still on — la exposición sigue abierta

d) (performing, playing)

you're on! — ( Theat) a escena!

I'm only on for about five minutes in Act 3 — sólo salgo cinco minutos en el tercer acto

he has been on for most of the game — ha estado jugando casi todo el partido; see also bring, come, go on

3)

a) (indicating agreement, acceptance) (colloq)

you teach me Spanish and I'll teach you French - you're on! — tú me enseñas español y yo te enseño francés - trato hecho! or te tomo la palabra!

b)

not on — (esp BrE colloq)

that sort of thing just isn't on — ese tipo de cosa no se puede tolerar

the idea of finishing by April was never really on — la idea de terminar para abril nunca fue viable

ABBR
(Canada) = Ontario
* * *

I [ɑːn, ɒn]
preposition

1)

a) ( indicating position) en

put it on the table — ponlo en or sobre la mesa

on the ground — en el suelo

he hung it on a hook — lo colgó de un gancho

yellow on a black background — amarillo sobre un fondo negro

I live on Acacia Avenue — (esp AmE) vivo en Acacia Avenue

on the right/left — a la derecha/izquierda

b) ( belonging to) de

the handle on the cup — el asa de la taza

c) ( against)

I hit my head on the shelf — me di con la cabeza contra el estante

he cut his hand on the glass — se cortó la mano con el vidrio

2)

a) ( of clothing)

it looks better on you than me — te queda mejor a ti que a mí

b) ( about one's person)

I didn't have any cash on me — no llevaba dinero encima

they found heroin on him — le encontraron heroína (encima)

3) ( indicating means of transport)

I went on the bus — fui en autobús

we had lunch on the train — comimos en el tren

on a bicycle/horse — en bicicleta/a caballo

on foot — a pie

4)

a) ( playing instrument) a

George Smith on drums — George Smith a la or en la batería

b) (Rad, TV)

I heard it on the radio — lo oí por la radio

I was on TV last night — anoche salí por televisión

the play's on channel 4 — la obra la dan en el canal 4

c) ( recorded on) en

on tape — en cinta

5)

a) ( using equipment)

who's on the computer? — ¿quién está usando la computadora?

you've been on the phone an hour! — hace una hora que estás hablando por teléfono!, hace una hora que estás colgado del teléfono! (fam)

b) ( on duty at) en

to be on the door — estar* en la puerta

c) ( contactable via)

call us on 800 7777 — llámenos al 800 7777

6) ( a member of)

she's on the committee — está en la comisión, es miembro de la comisión

on a team — (AmE) en un equipo

7) ( indicating time)

I went on Monday — fui el lunes

on Wednesdays she goes swimming — los miércoles va a nadar

on the anniversary of her death — en el aniversario de su muerte

on -ing — al + inf

on hearing the news — al enterarse de la noticia

8) (about, concerning) sobre

while we're on the subject — a propósito, ya que estamos hablando de esto

9)

a) (indicating activity, undertaking)

on vacation/safari — de vacaciones/safari

we went on a trip to London — hicimos un viaje a Londres, nos fuimos de viaje a Londres

I went there on business — fui allí en viaje de negocios

he's on a diet — está a dieta, está a or de régimen

b) (working on, studying)

we're on page 45 already — ya vamos por la página 45

I'm still on question 1 — todavía estoy con la pregunta número 1

10) (taking, consuming)

she's on antibiotics — está tomando antibióticos

he's on heroin — es heroinómano

11) (talking about income, available funds)

I manage on less than that — yo me las arreglo con menos de eso

she's on £30,000 — (BrE) gana 30.000 libras al año

12) ( according to)

she wants to stay on her terms — quiere quedarse pero imponiendo sus condiciones

acting on his advice — siguiendo sus consejos

13) ( at the expense of)

this round's on me — a esta ronda invito yo, esta ronda la pago yo

it's on the house — invita la casa, atención de la casa

14)

a) ( in comparison with)

profits are up on last year — los beneficios han aumentado respecto al año pasado

b) (in) (AmE)

20 cents on the dollar — el 20 por ciento

II

adverb

1)

a) ( worn)

she had a blue dress on — llevaba (puesto) or tenía puesto un vestido azul

with no clothes on — sin ropa, desnudo

let's see what it looks like on — a ver cómo queda puesto; see also have on, put on

b) ( in place)

the lid's not on properly — la tapa no está bien puesta

to sew a button on — coser or pegar* un botón

2) ( indicating relative position)

head on — de frente

sideways on — de lado

3) ( indicating progression)

a) ( in space)

drive on — sigue adelante

further on — un poco más allá or más adelante

go on up; I'll follow in a minute — tú ve subiendo que yo ya voy

b) (in time, activity)

from then on — a partir de ese momento

from now on — de ahora en adelante

I have nothing on that day — ese día no tengo ningún compromiso

c)

on and off, off and on: we still see each other on and off todavía nos vemos de vez en cuando; it rained on and off o off and on all week — estuvo lloviendo y parando toda la semana

d)

on and on: the film went on and on la película se hizo interminable or (fam) pesadísima; you don't have to go on and on about it! — no hace falta que sigas dale y dale con lo mismo (fam)

4) ( in phrases)

a)

on about — (BrE colloq)

what's she on about? — ¿de qué está hablando?, pero ¿qué dice?

b)

on at — (BrE colloq)

he's always on at her about the same thing — siempre le está encima con lo mismo

III

adjective

1) (pred)

a) ( functioning)

to be on — \<\<light/TV/radio\>\> estar* encendido, estar* prendido (AmL); \<\<faucet\>\> estar* abierto

the electricity/water isn't on yet — la electricidad/el agua todavía no está conectada

the handbrake is on — el freno de mano está puesto

b) ( on duty)

we work four hours on, four hours off — trabajamos cuatro horas y tenemos otras cuatro de descanso

which of the doctors is on today? — ¿qué médico está de guardia hoy?

2) (pred)

a) ( taking place)

there's a lecture on in there — hay or están dando una conferencia allí

while the conference is on — mientras dure el congreso, hasta que termine el congreso

b) ( due to take place)

the party's definitely on for Friday — la fiesta es or se hace el viernes seguro

is the wedding still on? — ¿no se ha suspendido la boda?

c) ( being presented)

what's on at the Renoir? — (Cin, Rad, Theat, TV) ¿qué dan or (Esp tb) ponen or echan en el Renoir?

is that play still on? — ¿sigue en cartelera la obra?

the exhibition is still on — la exposición sigue abierta

d) (performing, playing)

you're on! — ( Theat) a escena!

I'm only on for about five minutes in Act 3 — sólo salgo cinco minutos en el tercer acto

he has been on for most of the game — ha estado jugando casi todo el partido; see also bring, come, go on

3)

a) (indicating agreement, acceptance) (colloq)

you teach me Spanish and I'll teach you French - you're on! — tú me enseñas español y yo te enseño francés - trato hecho! or te tomo la palabra!

b)

not on — (esp BrE colloq)

that sort of thing just isn't on — ese tipo de cosa no se puede tolerar

the idea of finishing by April was never really on — la idea de terminar para abril nunca fue viable

English-spanish dictionary > ON

Страницы

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road movement table

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